Magnesium metal and its corrosion products:Promising materials for tumor interventional therapy

Magnesium is generally known to degrade in aqueous environments by an electrochemical reaction.The corrosion products of magnesium include hydrogen gas,Mg^(2+),and Mg(OH)_(2).Here,we summarize the published literature describing the corrosion characteristics of magnesium,and the antitumor properties of magnesium-associated corrosion products,aiming to induce the therapeutic properties of magnesium and magnesium alloys in solid tumors.The therapeutic potential of corrosion products of magnesium is enormous.Hydrogen gas exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties,which amount to potential anti-tumor characteristics.Mg(OH)_(2),which creates a localized alkaline microenvironment,represents a second approach for anti-tumor therapy with magnesium metal.Upregulated concentrations of Mg^(2+)ions in the local tumor microenvironment remodelling are considered a third approach for anti-tumor therapy.Therefore,we speculate about the different physical forms of magnesium that could create an anti-tumor microenvironment upon tumor interventional therapy,a technique that precisely places anti-tumor implants like particles and stents.Finally,we present our viewpoints on the potential use of magnesium in diverse solid tumor therapies to inhibit tumor progression.

Traditional Chinese medicine as supportive care for the management of liver cancer: Past, present, and future

Liver cancer is the sixth most commonly diagnosed cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer death worldwide.Western medicine and therapies are the primary treatment strategies of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),but the general prognosis for HCC patients is still dismal.Under these circumstances,HCC prevention is particularly important.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)encompasses a wealth of documented therapeutic resources,and“preventative treatment”is the principle of TCM.In China,TCM has been used for HCC prevention for thousands of years,and has also been demonstrated to be effective for the treatment of HCC in modern China.However,the TCM theory for prevention and treatment of HCC is more widely accepted in China than abroad.In this review,we first summarize the herbs and ancient formulas with therapeutic effects on HCC.We also review the research status of TCM in modern medicine as well as the current obstacles in its development.Finally,we discuss the future of TCM in the context of precision and integrated medicine.After reviewing the literature,we believe that TCM,through ancient development,is an advanced method of cancer treatment with positive curative effects,despite its surrounding controversy.Furthermore,precise analyses and systematic research methods provides novel approaches to modernize TCM for the future.