With the increasing scarcity of shallow resources,the mining depth of coal mines has gradually increased,and the safety problem has become increasingly prominent.The grouting technology for deep roadways in fractured ...With the increasing scarcity of shallow resources,the mining depth of coal mines has gradually increased,and the safety problem has become increasingly prominent.The grouting technology for deep roadways in fractured rocks is one of key technologies for safe mining of deep resources.This paper by the team of Hongpu Kang,academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering,systematically summarizes and analyzes the research findings in the theory,design,materials,processes,and equipment for the grouting reinforcement of fractured rocks surrounding the deep roadways.Several field cases in the Kouzidong coal mine are demonstrated on the application of pregrouting in front of heading faces,grouting in excavation,and postgrouting so as to evaluate the effects of these grouting reinforcements.展开更多
Gaomiaozi(GMZ)bentonite is a potential buffer/backfill material for a deep geological disposal of highlevel radioactive waste.It has a wide pore size distribution(PSD)with sizes ranging from several nanometers to more...Gaomiaozi(GMZ)bentonite is a potential buffer/backfill material for a deep geological disposal of highlevel radioactive waste.It has a wide pore size distribution(PSD)with sizes ranging from several nanometers to more than one hundred microns.Thus,properly characterizing the pore structures of GMZ bentonite is a challenging issue.In this study,pressure-controlled porosimetry(PCP),ratecontrolled porosimetry(RCP),and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)were used to investigate the PSD of GMZ bentonite,The results indicate that each method has its limitation,and a combined use of PCP and RCP is suitable to obtain the full-scale PSD of GMZ bentonite.Moreover,we also compared the full-scale PSD with nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)result.It is found that there is no significant difference in the range of PSD characterization between NMR and mercury intrusion method(PCP and RCP).However,in a ce rtain range,the detection accuracy of NMR is higher than that of mercury injection method.Finally,permeability prediction based on PCP and SEM data was conducted,and both of the two methods were found to be able to predict the permeability.The combined method is effective to obtain the full-scale PSD of GMZ bentonite,which is the key to estimation of the sealing ability of bentonite buffer.展开更多
Sulfur mustard(SM) can be absorbed by skin quickly and cause serious system damage via reacting with nearly all cell constituents. Until now, there is still lack of effective antidotal therapy for SM and skin protecti...Sulfur mustard(SM) can be absorbed by skin quickly and cause serious system damage via reacting with nearly all cell constituents. Until now, there is still lack of effective antidotal therapy for SM and skin protection is highly important to defend SM. In this article, supramolecular liquid barrier based on pillar[5]arene with triethylene oxide substituents(EGP5) has been designed to impede the skin permeation of SM and further interaction with the skin tissue. EGP5 could encapsulate SM within its cavity, with a Kavalue of(5.10 ± 0.47) × 10^(2)L/mol. In vitro skin absorption test proved that EGP5 was capable to effectively prevent SM from penetrating through skin. This supramolecular liquid barrier was employed on rat models to systematically evaluate protective effect against SM intoxication. Pretreatment of EGP5could alleviate skin and system damage induced by SM and improve survival rate of poisoned rat models from 10% to 90%. Additionally, EGP5 served as protective materials could be highly reused after recycling several times. Overall, these findings have provided the first insight into the construction of convenient liquid material for SM protection.展开更多
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Chinese herbal medicine(CHM)in patients with severe/critical coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).In this retrospective study,data were collected from 662 patients with sever...This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Chinese herbal medicine(CHM)in patients with severe/critical coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).In this retrospective study,data were collected from 662 patients with severe/critical COVID-19 who were admitted to a designated hospital to treat patients with severe COVID-19 in Wuhan before March 20,2020.All patients were divided into an exposed group(CHM users)and a control group(non-users).After propensity score matching in a 1:1 ratio,156 CHM users were matched by propensity score to 156 non-users.No significant differences in seven baseline clinical variables were found between the two groups of patients.All-cause mortality was reported in 13 CHM users who died and 36 non-users who died.After multivariate adjustment,the mortality risk of CHM users was reduced by 82.2%(odds ratio 0.178,95%CI 0.076–0.418;P<0.001)compared with the non-users.Secondly,age(odds ratio 1.053,95%CI 1.023–1.084;P<0.001)and the proportion of severe/critical patients(odds ratio 0.063,95%CI 0.028–0.143;P<0.001)were the risk factors of mortality.These results show that the use of CHM may reduce the mortality of patients with severe/critical COVID-19.展开更多
Neuromuscular blocking agents(NMBAs)are extensively used during anesthesia to improve surgical conditions by relaxing skeletal muscle movements.Rapid neuromuscular recovery after surgery is desirable to facilitate the...Neuromuscular blocking agents(NMBAs)are extensively used during anesthesia to improve surgical conditions by relaxing skeletal muscle movements.Rapid neuromuscular recovery after surgery is desirable to facilitate the recovery of muscle function and prevent residual blockade.Decamethonium(C10)is a classic NMBA,which has been restricted over the past decades ascribed to lack of a suitable antidote in clinic.Herein we used carboxylatopillar[6]arene(CP6A)to reverse neuromuscular blocker effect of C10 through direct host-guest encapsulation.NMR and isothermal titration calorimetry served to confirm the complexation between CP6A and C10 with robust affinity[(1.07±0.14)×10^(7)L/mol].The CP6A was further used as a reversal agent of C10,which facilitated to decrease C10 concentration in mice blood and excrete via urinary clearance,resulting in rapid recovery from muscle relaxation.These favorable outcomes might lead us to suggest that this supramolecular strategy could allow patients to regain lucidity much faster than spontaneous recovery from anesthesia.展开更多
Advanced chemotherapy strategies are in urgent demand for improving anticancer efficacy.Herein,a water-soluble pillar[6]arene(WP6 A)was used to load chemotherapeutic agent pemetrexed(PMX)by forming direct host-guest i...Advanced chemotherapy strategies are in urgent demand for improving anticancer efficacy.Herein,a water-soluble pillar[6]arene(WP6 A)was used to load chemotherapeutic agent pemetrexed(PMX)by forming direct host-guest inclusion,which is beneficial for decreasing cytotoxicity of PMX on BEAS-2 B cells.NMR and florescence titration served to confirm the complexation between WP6 A and ATP with higher affinity[(5.67?0.31)x 10^(5)L/mol],favoring competitive replacement of PMX.Complexation ATP by WP6 A effectively prevented ATP from being hydrolyzed in presence of alkaline phosphatase.The formed host-guest complex was further used to block the efflux pump by cutting off energy source from ATP hydrolysis,which was accompanied with releasing PMX to produce synergistic enhancement of anticancer performance towards A549 cells.This supramolecular strategy would also be extended to other clinical chemotherapeutic agents and it was expected to provide salutary profits for cancer patients.展开更多
Based on the amyloid hypothesis,anti-β-amyloid(Aβ)therapy has dominated clinical trials for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease(AD)in recent years.A key element of this strategy is the interaction b...Based on the amyloid hypothesis,anti-β-amyloid(Aβ)therapy has dominated clinical trials for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease(AD)in recent years.A key element of this strategy is the interaction between therapeutic agents and Aβ.However,the design and development of artificial receptors that may render selective and strong recognition toward Aβremains a huge challenge because of the complexity and size of peptide guests and their flexible conformation.展开更多
文摘With the increasing scarcity of shallow resources,the mining depth of coal mines has gradually increased,and the safety problem has become increasingly prominent.The grouting technology for deep roadways in fractured rocks is one of key technologies for safe mining of deep resources.This paper by the team of Hongpu Kang,academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering,systematically summarizes and analyzes the research findings in the theory,design,materials,processes,and equipment for the grouting reinforcement of fractured rocks surrounding the deep roadways.Several field cases in the Kouzidong coal mine are demonstrated on the application of pregrouting in front of heading faces,grouting in excavation,and postgrouting so as to evaluate the effects of these grouting reinforcements.
基金support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51809263)the Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering(Sichuan University)(Grant Nos.DESE201906 and DESE201907)。
文摘Gaomiaozi(GMZ)bentonite is a potential buffer/backfill material for a deep geological disposal of highlevel radioactive waste.It has a wide pore size distribution(PSD)with sizes ranging from several nanometers to more than one hundred microns.Thus,properly characterizing the pore structures of GMZ bentonite is a challenging issue.In this study,pressure-controlled porosimetry(PCP),ratecontrolled porosimetry(RCP),and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)were used to investigate the PSD of GMZ bentonite,The results indicate that each method has its limitation,and a combined use of PCP and RCP is suitable to obtain the full-scale PSD of GMZ bentonite.Moreover,we also compared the full-scale PSD with nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)result.It is found that there is no significant difference in the range of PSD characterization between NMR and mercury intrusion method(PCP and RCP).However,in a ce rtain range,the detection accuracy of NMR is higher than that of mercury injection method.Finally,permeability prediction based on PCP and SEM data was conducted,and both of the two methods were found to be able to predict the permeability.The combined method is effective to obtain the full-scale PSD of GMZ bentonite,which is the key to estimation of the sealing ability of bentonite buffer.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 22171286, 21772118, 21971192)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City (No. 20JCZDJC00200)the Special Fund of Military Medical Science (Nos. BWS16J007,AWS17J009)。
文摘Sulfur mustard(SM) can be absorbed by skin quickly and cause serious system damage via reacting with nearly all cell constituents. Until now, there is still lack of effective antidotal therapy for SM and skin protection is highly important to defend SM. In this article, supramolecular liquid barrier based on pillar[5]arene with triethylene oxide substituents(EGP5) has been designed to impede the skin permeation of SM and further interaction with the skin tissue. EGP5 could encapsulate SM within its cavity, with a Kavalue of(5.10 ± 0.47) × 10^(2)L/mol. In vitro skin absorption test proved that EGP5 was capable to effectively prevent SM from penetrating through skin. This supramolecular liquid barrier was employed on rat models to systematically evaluate protective effect against SM intoxication. Pretreatment of EGP5could alleviate skin and system damage induced by SM and improve survival rate of poisoned rat models from 10% to 90%. Additionally, EGP5 served as protective materials could be highly reused after recycling several times. Overall, these findings have provided the first insight into the construction of convenient liquid material for SM protection.
基金This study was approved by the institutional ethics board of Wuhan Integrated TCM and Western Medicine Hospital(No.[2020]8)and was registered with chictr.org.cn(ChiCTR2000030719)all procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards.
文摘This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Chinese herbal medicine(CHM)in patients with severe/critical coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).In this retrospective study,data were collected from 662 patients with severe/critical COVID-19 who were admitted to a designated hospital to treat patients with severe COVID-19 in Wuhan before March 20,2020.All patients were divided into an exposed group(CHM users)and a control group(non-users).After propensity score matching in a 1:1 ratio,156 CHM users were matched by propensity score to 156 non-users.No significant differences in seven baseline clinical variables were found between the two groups of patients.All-cause mortality was reported in 13 CHM users who died and 36 non-users who died.After multivariate adjustment,the mortality risk of CHM users was reduced by 82.2%(odds ratio 0.178,95%CI 0.076–0.418;P<0.001)compared with the non-users.Secondly,age(odds ratio 1.053,95%CI 1.023–1.084;P<0.001)and the proportion of severe/critical patients(odds ratio 0.063,95%CI 0.028–0.143;P<0.001)were the risk factors of mortality.These results show that the use of CHM may reduce the mortality of patients with severe/critical COVID-19.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality(No.7204285)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81573354,21772118,21971192)。
文摘Neuromuscular blocking agents(NMBAs)are extensively used during anesthesia to improve surgical conditions by relaxing skeletal muscle movements.Rapid neuromuscular recovery after surgery is desirable to facilitate the recovery of muscle function and prevent residual blockade.Decamethonium(C10)is a classic NMBA,which has been restricted over the past decades ascribed to lack of a suitable antidote in clinic.Herein we used carboxylatopillar[6]arene(CP6A)to reverse neuromuscular blocker effect of C10 through direct host-guest encapsulation.NMR and isothermal titration calorimetry served to confirm the complexation between CP6A and C10 with robust affinity[(1.07±0.14)×10^(7)L/mol].The CP6A was further used as a reversal agent of C10,which facilitated to decrease C10 concentration in mice blood and excrete via urinary clearance,resulting in rapid recovery from muscle relaxation.These favorable outcomes might lead us to suggest that this supramolecular strategy could allow patients to regain lucidity much faster than spontaneous recovery from anesthesia.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21772118,21971192,81573354)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City(No.20JCZDJC00200)。
文摘Advanced chemotherapy strategies are in urgent demand for improving anticancer efficacy.Herein,a water-soluble pillar[6]arene(WP6 A)was used to load chemotherapeutic agent pemetrexed(PMX)by forming direct host-guest inclusion,which is beneficial for decreasing cytotoxicity of PMX on BEAS-2 B cells.NMR and florescence titration served to confirm the complexation between WP6 A and ATP with higher affinity[(5.67?0.31)x 10^(5)L/mol],favoring competitive replacement of PMX.Complexation ATP by WP6 A effectively prevented ATP from being hydrolyzed in presence of alkaline phosphatase.The formed host-guest complex was further used to block the efflux pump by cutting off energy source from ATP hydrolysis,which was accompanied with releasing PMX to produce synergistic enhancement of anticancer performance towards A549 cells.This supramolecular strategy would also be extended to other clinical chemotherapeutic agents and it was expected to provide salutary profits for cancer patients.
基金from NSFC(grant nos.51873090,31961143004,31771148,and 31900733)111 Project(grant no.B08011)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,and NCC Fund(grant no.NCC2020FH04).
文摘Based on the amyloid hypothesis,anti-β-amyloid(Aβ)therapy has dominated clinical trials for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease(AD)in recent years.A key element of this strategy is the interaction between therapeutic agents and Aβ.However,the design and development of artificial receptors that may render selective and strong recognition toward Aβremains a huge challenge because of the complexity and size of peptide guests and their flexible conformation.
