W_(18)O_(49)Crystal and ICG Labeled Macrophage:An Efficient Targeting Vector for Fluorescence Imagingguided Photothermal Therapy

Photothermal therapy(PTT)uses heat generated by photothermal agents to efficiently kill cancer cells in the least invasive manner.Inorganic nanoparticles,such as precious metals and carbon nanoparticles,have been extensively studied for their ability to convert near-infrared(NIR)light(700-900 nm)into heat[1].However,these nanoparticles are easily captured by the reticuloendothelial system,which severely limits their clinical applications[2].Despite targeted and stealth modifications,these issues remain unresolved;therefore,researchers are seeking more effective methods.

A Virtual Boundary Element Method for Three-Dimensional Inverse Heat Conduction Problems in Orthotropic Media

This paper aims to apply a virtual boundary element method(VBEM)to solve the inverse problems of three-dimensional heat conduction in orthotropic media.This method avoids the singular integrations in the conventional boundary element method,and can be treated as a potential approach for solving the inverse problems of the heat conduction owing to the boundary-only discretization and semi-analytical algorithm.When the VBEM is applied to the inverse problems,the numerical instability may occur if a virtual boundary is not properly chosen.The method encounters a highly illconditioned matrix for the larger distance between the physical boundary and the virtual boundary,and otherwise is hard to avoid the singularity of the source point.Thus,it must adopt an appropriate regularization method to deal with the ill-posed systems of inverse problems.In this study,the VBEM and different regularization techniques are combined to model the inverse problem of three-dimensional heat conduction in orthotropic media.The proper regularization techniques not only make the virtual boundary to be allocated freer,but also solve the ill-conditioned equation of the inverse problem.Numerical examples demonstrate that the proposed method is efficient,accurate and numerically stable for solving the inverse problems of three-dimensional heat conduction in orthotropic media.

通过优化分子结构实现相变偶氮苯的可控热释放用于低温能量利用

相变偶氮苯衍生物可以基于异构化储存和释放热量.热量输出量和速率受偶氮苯结晶和异构化的影响,同时也受分子结构和相互作用的制约.因此,优化分子结构是控制不同温度下热量释放的一种有效方式.在此,我们制备了三个不对称的烷氧基取代的偶氮苯分子(sAzo),其分子量相似但取代基不同,以研究结晶和异构化之间的权衡.我们研究了s-Azo的温控结晶性和光诱导的异构化动力学.结果表明,由于较强的范德华力,正烷氧基取代使s-Azo具有较高的结晶焓(ΔHCE),但立体阻碍降低了异构化程度.短烷基支化降低了分子相互作用,有利于异构化,使异构化焓(ΔHIE)增加,但降低了ΔHCE.正烷氧基取代的sAzo在-60.49至34.76℃的宽温度范围内表现出光诱导的高能热释放,焓值高达343.3 J g^(-1),功率密度为413 W kg^(-1).同步放热使分布式能量利用的环形装置在低温环境(-5℃)下实现了6.3℃的温升.结果表明,相变偶氮苯衍生物可以通过优化分子结构和相互作用应用于理想的储能系统.