婴幼儿睾丸生殖细胞肿瘤15例临床病理和诊治分析

睾丸生殖细胞肿瘤是一组罕见、复杂的异源性肿瘤,有良性和恶性,是婴幼儿时期最常见的肿瘤,约60%～75%在3岁以前发病,因此早期、及时明确诊断和选择合适的治疗方案尤为重要。本文通过回顾我院收治的15例婴幼儿睾丸生殖细胞肿瘤,探讨它的临床病理特征、免疫组化和治疗方法,以期对该病的临床诊治有所裨益。

婴幼儿睾丸卵黄囊瘤11例临床病理分析

目的:探讨婴幼儿睾丸卵黄囊瘤的临床病理、治疗与预后特点。方法:回顾性分析海南省人民医院2000年5月～2011年5月间1 1例手术切除的婴幼儿睾丸卵黄囊瘤病例资料,观察其组织形态特征,进行Glypican-3、AFP、CK8&18、HCG、PLAP、CD99、S-100和CD34免疫组化标记。结果:患者中位年龄15个月,右侧占优(9/11),睾丸单侧无痛性增大为主要临床表现,术前血清AFP值明显升高。组织学分型:10例为单纯型卵黄囊瘤,1例为伴有成熟性畸胎瘤的混合型卵黄囊瘤病例。所有的卵黄囊瘤中,Glypican-3弥漫强阳性表达,而CK8&18、AFP均呈不同程度阳性,其余的CD99、S-100和CD34等呈阴性。11例睾丸高位切除,2例瘤旁有血管瘤栓者予以BEP方案辅助化疗。目前患者生存良好,未见复发和转移。结论:婴幼儿睾丸卵黄囊瘤以单纯型多见,混合型罕见。Glypican-3是诊断卵黄囊瘤较特异和敏感的指标。婴幼儿的卵黄囊瘤睾丸高位切除疗效较好,对于高危的患儿可予以辅助化疗。

On the technologies of Hα imaging spectrograph for the CHASE mission

The Hα imaging spectrograph(HIS) is the scientific payload of the first solar space mission, the Chinese Hα solar explorer(CHASE), supported by the China National Space Administration(CNSA). The CHASE/HIS achieves, for the first time in space, Hα spectroscopic observations with high spectral and temporal resolutions. Separate channels for the raster scanning mode(RSM) and continuum imaging mode(CIM) are integrated into one, and a highly integrated design is achieved through multiple folding of the optical path and ultra-light miniaturized components. The design of HIS implements a number of key technologies such as high-precision scanning of the optical field of view(FOV), high-precision integrated manufacturing inspection, a large-tolerance pre-filter window, and full-link solar radiation calibration. The HIS instrument has a pixel spectral resolution of 0.024 ? and can complete a full-Sun scanning within 46 s.