Although it is reported that the targeting ability of hyaluronic acid(HA)-based nanoparticles(NPs) is molecular weight(MW) dependent,the influence of HA MW on targeting efficiency of HA-functionalized NPs and the unde...Although it is reported that the targeting ability of hyaluronic acid(HA)-based nanoparticles(NPs) is molecular weight(MW) dependent,the influence of HA MW on targeting efficiency of HA-functionalized NPs and the underlying mechanism remain elusive. In this study,we constituted three HA-functionalized Dox-loaded NPs(Dox/HCVs) different HA MWs(7,63,and 102 k Da) and attempted to illustrate the effects of HA MW on the targeting efficiency.The three Dox/HCVs had similar physiochemical and pharmaceutical characteristics,but showed different affinity to CD44 receptor. Furthermore,Dox/HCV-63 exerted the best targeting effect and the highest cytotoxicity compared with Dox/HCV-7 and Dox/HCV-102. It was interesting to found that both the HA-CD44 binding affinity and induced CD44 clustering by HA-based NPs were HA MW-dependent,the two of which determine the apparent targeting efficacy of Dox/HCV NPs in the conflicting directions. Those results laid a good foundation for rationally designing HA-based NPs in cancer therapy.展开更多
Taking Zhoukou City in Henan Province as an example,we select the statistics during the period 2000-2009,and use emergy analysis method to research the sustainable use of agricultural land in Zhoukou City. The study r...Taking Zhoukou City in Henan Province as an example,we select the statistics during the period 2000-2009,and use emergy analysis method to research the sustainable use of agricultural land in Zhoukou City. The study results show that: ( i) The agricultural input is mainly based on resources purchase input,which accounts for more than 90% of total emergy input; the industrial energy input is to a large extent dependent on the input of chemical fertilizer and pesticide; precipitation significantly affects the input of renewable environmental resources. ( ii) The agricultural output is mainly based on farming and animal husbandry,with the proportion reaching 99% ; the proportion of fishery and forestry is too low; the agricultural output structure is relatively simple. ( iii) The use of agricultural land has achieved initial success in terms of economic sustainability,but in terms of ecological sustainability and social sustainability,it is at a low level; the sustainable use index shows the great vitality and development potential of agricultural system; unsustainability is reflected in considerable input of chemical fertilizer and pesticide,and simple agricultural output structure.展开更多
The disk resonator gyroscope is an attractive candidate for high-performance MEMS gyroscopes.This gyroscope consists of a sensor and readout electronics,and the characteristics of the sensor directly determine the per...The disk resonator gyroscope is an attractive candidate for high-performance MEMS gyroscopes.This gyroscope consists of a sensor and readout electronics,and the characteristics of the sensor directly determine the performance.For the sensor,a high-quality factor and long decaying time constant are the most important characteristics required to achieve high performance.We report a disk resonator gyroscope with a measured quality factor of 510 k and decaying time constant of 74.9 s,which is a record for MEMS silicon disk resonator gyroscopes,to the best of our knowledge.To improve the quality factor of the DRG,the quality factor improvement mechanism is first analyzed,and based on this mechanism two stiffness-mass decoupled methods,i.e.,spoke length distribution optimization and lumped mass configuration design,are proposed and demonstrated.A disk resonator gyroscope prototype is fabricated based on these design strategies,and the sensor itself shows an angle random walk as low as 0.001°/√h,demonstrating true potential to achieve navigation-grade performance.The gyroscope with readout electronics shows an angle random walk of 0.01°/√h and a bias instability of 0.04°/h at room temperature without compensation,revealing that the performance of the gyroscope is severely limited by the readout electronics,which should be further improved.We expect that the quality factor improvement methods can be used in the design of other MEMS gyroscopes and that the newly designed DRG can be further improved to achieve navigation-grade performances for high-end industrial,transportation,aerospace,and automotive applications.展开更多
Whole-angle gyroscopes have broad prospects for development with inherent advantages of excellent scale factor,wide bandwidth and measurement range,which are restrictions on rate gyroscopes.Previous studies on the who...Whole-angle gyroscopes have broad prospects for development with inherent advantages of excellent scale factor,wide bandwidth and measurement range,which are restrictions on rate gyroscopes.Previous studies on the whole-angle mode are based mostly on the linear model of Lynch,and the essential nonlinearity of capacitive displacement detection is always neglected,which has significant negative effects on the performance.In this paper,a novel realtime calibration method of capacitive displacement detection is proposed to eliminate these nonlinear effects.This novel method innovatively takes advantage of the relationship between the first and third harmonic components of detective signals for calibration.Based on this method,the real-time calibration of capacitive displacement detection is achieved and solves the problems of traditional methods,which are usually related to the vibration amplitude,environmental variations and other factors.Furthermore,this novel calibration method is embedded into a whole-angle control system to restore the linear capacitive response in real time and then combined with a microshell resonator for the first time to exploit the enormous potential of an ultrahigh Q factor and symmetric structure.The effectiveness is proven because the angle drift is reduced significantly to improve the scale-factor nonlinearity by 14 times to 0.79 ppm with 0.0673/h bias instability and a 0.0017s rate threshold,which is the best reported performance of the MEMS whole-angle gyroscope thus far.More importantly,this novel calibration method can be applied for all kinds of resonators with the requirement of a linear capacitive response even under a large resonant amplitude.展开更多
As an active metabolite of venlafaxine and emerging antidepressant,Odesmethylvenlafaxine(ODVEN) was widely detected in different water bodies,which caused potential harm to human health and environmental safety.In thi...As an active metabolite of venlafaxine and emerging antidepressant,Odesmethylvenlafaxine(ODVEN) was widely detected in different water bodies,which caused potential harm to human health and environmental safety.In this study,the comparative work on the ODVEN degradation by UV(254 nm) and UV-LED(275 nm) activated sodium percarbonate(SPC) systems was systematically performed.The higher removal rate of ODVEN can be achieved under UV-LED direct photolysis(14.99%) than UV direct photolysis(4.57%) due to the higher values of photolysis coefficient at the wavelength 275nm.Significant synergistic effects were observed in the UV/SPC(80.38%) and UV-LED/SPC(53.57%) systems and the former exhibited better performance for the elimination of ODVEN.The degradation of ODVEN all followed the pseudo-first-order kinetics well in these processes,and the pseudo-first-order rate constant(kobs) increased with increasing SPC concentration.Radicals quenching experiments demonstrated that both ·OH and CO_(3)·-were involved in the degradation of ODVEN and the second-order rate constant of ODVEN with CO_(3)·-(1.58 × 10^(8)(mol/L)-1sec-1) was reported for the first time based on competitive kinetic method.The introduction of HA,Cl-,NO_(3)-and HCO_(3)-inhibited the ODVEN degradation to varying degrees in the both processes.According to quantum chemical calculation,radical addition at the ortho-position of the phenolic hydroxyl group was confirmed to be the main reaction pathways for the oxidation of ODVEN by·OH.In addition,the oxidation of ODVEN may involve the demethylation,H-abstraction,OH^(-)addition and C-N bond cleavage.Eventually,the UV-LED/SPC process was considered to be more cost-effective compared to the UV/SPC process,although the UV/SPC process possessed a higher removal rate of ODVEN.展开更多
High-performance micro-electro-mechanical system(MEMS)gyrocompasses for north-finding systems have been very popular for decades.In this paper,a MEMS north-finding system(NFS)based on virtual maytagging(VM)is presente...High-performance micro-electro-mechanical system(MEMS)gyrocompasses for north-finding systems have been very popular for decades.In this paper,a MEMS north-finding system(NFS)based on virtual maytagging(VM)is presented for the first time.In stark contrast to previous schemes of MEMS-based NFSs(e.g.,carouseling,maytagging)and the abandoning rate table,we developed a honeycomb disk resonator gyroscope(HDRG)and two commercial accelerometers for azimuth detection.Instead of the physical rotation of the integrated turntable in traditional NFSs,the vibratory working modes of the HDRG are rotated periodically with electronic control to reduce the uncertainty in the azimuth.After systematically analyzing the principle of NFSs with VM,we designed tests to verify the practicability at the sensor level.A bias instability of 0.0078°/h can be obtained during one day with VM in an HDRG.We also implemented comparative north-finding experiments to further check our strategy at the system level.The accuracy in the azimuth can reach 0.204°for 5 min at 28.2°latitude with VM and 0.172°with maytagging.The results show that without any mechanical turning parts,VM technology makes it possible to develop high-precision handheld MEMS NFSs.展开更多
Hyaluronic acid(HA) is a natural ligand of tumor-targeted drug delivery systems(DDS) due to the relevant CD44 receptor overexpressed on tumor cell membranes. However, other HA receptors(HARE and LYVE-1) are also overe...Hyaluronic acid(HA) is a natural ligand of tumor-targeted drug delivery systems(DDS) due to the relevant CD44 receptor overexpressed on tumor cell membranes. However, other HA receptors(HARE and LYVE-1) are also overexpressing in the reticuloendothelial system(RES). Therefore,polyethylene glycol(PEG) modification of HA-based DDS is necessary to reduce RES capture.Unfortunately, pegylation remarkably inhibits tumor cellular uptake and endosomal escapement,significantly compromising the in vivo antitumor efficacy. Herein, we developed a Dox-loaded HA-based transformable supramolecular nanoplatform(Dox/HCVBP) to overcome this dilemma. Dox/HCVBP contains a tumor extracellular acidity-sensitive detachable PEG shell achieved by a benzoic imine linkage.The in vitro and in vivo investigations further demonstrated that Dox/HCVBP could be in a "stealth" state at blood stream for a long circulation time due to the buried HA ligands and the minimized nonspecific interaction by PEG shell. However, it could transform into a "recognition" state under the tumor acidic microenvironment for efficient tumor cellular uptake due to the direct exposure of active targeting ligand HA following PEG shell detachment. Such a transformative concept provides a promising strategy to resolve the dilemma of natural ligand-based DDS with conflicting two processes of tumor cellular uptake and in vivo nonspecific biodistribution.展开更多
Electrodes based on composites of silver nanowires(AgNWs)and elastic polymers have been widely studied and applied in various stretchable electronic devices.However,due to the high aspect ratio of nanowires,the patter...Electrodes based on composites of silver nanowires(AgNWs)and elastic polymers have been widely studied and applied in various stretchable electronic devices.However,due to the high aspect ratio of nanowires,the patterning of AgNW-based composite electrodes remains a huge challenge,especially for high-resolution complex circuit wiring on large-size elastic substrates.In this paper,we propose a method for preparing large-size stretchable circuit boards with high-resolution electrodes by the combination of screen printing and vacuum filtration of AgNWs/polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)composite.The as-prepared stretchable electrodes have smooth edges with patterning resolution up to-50 μm.The conductivity of the composite electrode can be precisely controlled by varying deposition densities of AgNWs and have reached to 1.07 x 10^(4) S/cm when the deposition density was 2.0 mg/cm^(2).In addition,the uniformity of conductivity and the resistance-strain characteristics of composite electrodes were systematically evaluated with different AgNWs deposition densities.The composite electrodes have been successfully employed to construct a large-size programmable display system and an 18-channel surface electromyography(EMG)recording,showing great potentials for some strain-insensitive stretchable circuits in wearable and health-related electronic applications.展开更多
To the Editor:Cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR)guidelines,especially the latest 2020 guidelines issued by the American Heart Association(AHA),have emphasized the importance of high-quality CPR.[1]The research on card...To the Editor:Cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR)guidelines,especially the latest 2020 guidelines issued by the American Heart Association(AHA),have emphasized the importance of high-quality CPR.[1]The research on cardiac arrest(CA)and CPR has dramatically increased in recent years,and the international recovery guidelines are also being revised and implemented.However,the outcome of in-hospital cardiac arrest(IHCA)remains poor,and the understanding of the prognostic factors for survival outcome after IHCA is lacking,especially in China.Patients with CA are often poorly treated,and the incidence and mortality of CA are increasing yearly.[2]This study analyzed the effects of CPR,and explored the factors that affect survival outcome after IHCA in adults.展开更多
Wearable on-skin electrodes or conductors should be vapor permeable,strain-insensitive,isotropically stretchable and stable under cyclic stretching.Various strategies have been proposed to prepare the required conduct...Wearable on-skin electrodes or conductors should be vapor permeable,strain-insensitive,isotropically stretchable and stable under cyclic stretching.Various strategies have been proposed to prepare the required conductors up to now;however,it is a challenge to fabricate them with above properties in a simple manner.In this paper,a highly permeable and stretchable conductor based on electrospun fluorine rubber fiber mat is reported.The fibers are pre-stretched in electric field during electrospinning,and they shrink isotropically by~35-40%in area after being detached from the substrate.The obtained fiber mat conductor demonstrates high stretchability up to~170%,and the resistance changes only 0.8 under 60%strain,which is superior to many other strain-insensitive conductors.The conductor possesses high stability,no cracks or structure damage are observed after washing and cyclic stretching.Moreover,the conductor is vapor permeable with a water vapor transmission rate of~850 g m−2 day−1,which is comparable to the normal water evaporation in ambient conditions,indicating that it would not disturb the sweat evaporation when being used on skin.The conductor is successfully used as stretchable yarns and electromyography(EMG)electrodes,showing high reliability in E-textiles and on-skin applications.展开更多
Electrophysiological monitoring under strenuous exercise by using stretchable dry electrodes is vital for healthcare monitoring,prosthetic control,human−machine interfaces and other biomedical applications.However,the...Electrophysiological monitoring under strenuous exercise by using stretchable dry electrodes is vital for healthcare monitoring,prosthetic control,human−machine interfaces and other biomedical applications.However,the existing dry electrodes are not applicable to the strenuous exercise situation that always involves both fast moving and profuse sweating.Herein,we present a nano-thick porous stretchable dry electrode system with high stretchability and water permeability.The system attaches conformably to the skin and stretches with it under Van der Waals forces even at sweating conditions,allowing the detection of electromyogram when moving with an acceleration of 10 g at a sweating rate of 2.8 mg cm^(−2) min^(−1).It is also capable of acquiring electrocardiogram and electroencephalogram signals.The strategy proposed would enable the biomedical studies and related applications with the requirement of stably recording electrophysiological signals under strenuous exercise scenarios.展开更多
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 81573371)the key projects of Liaoning Province Department of Education (No. 2017LZD03)
文摘Although it is reported that the targeting ability of hyaluronic acid(HA)-based nanoparticles(NPs) is molecular weight(MW) dependent,the influence of HA MW on targeting efficiency of HA-functionalized NPs and the underlying mechanism remain elusive. In this study,we constituted three HA-functionalized Dox-loaded NPs(Dox/HCVs) different HA MWs(7,63,and 102 k Da) and attempted to illustrate the effects of HA MW on the targeting efficiency.The three Dox/HCVs had similar physiochemical and pharmaceutical characteristics,but showed different affinity to CD44 receptor. Furthermore,Dox/HCV-63 exerted the best targeting effect and the highest cytotoxicity compared with Dox/HCV-7 and Dox/HCV-102. It was interesting to found that both the HA-CD44 binding affinity and induced CD44 clustering by HA-based NPs were HA MW-dependent,the two of which determine the apparent targeting efficacy of Dox/HCV NPs in the conflicting directions. Those results laid a good foundation for rationally designing HA-based NPs in cancer therapy.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(40901120)
文摘Taking Zhoukou City in Henan Province as an example,we select the statistics during the period 2000-2009,and use emergy analysis method to research the sustainable use of agricultural land in Zhoukou City. The study results show that: ( i) The agricultural input is mainly based on resources purchase input,which accounts for more than 90% of total emergy input; the industrial energy input is to a large extent dependent on the input of chemical fertilizer and pesticide; precipitation significantly affects the input of renewable environmental resources. ( ii) The agricultural output is mainly based on farming and animal husbandry,with the proportion reaching 99% ; the proportion of fishery and forestry is too low; the agricultural output structure is relatively simple. ( iii) The use of agricultural land has achieved initial success in terms of economic sustainability,but in terms of ecological sustainability and social sustainability,it is at a low level; the sustainable use index shows the great vitality and development potential of agricultural system; unsustainability is reflected in considerable input of chemical fertilizer and pesticide,and simple agricultural output structure.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 51575521the 2017 Huxiang Provincial Scholar Program.
文摘The disk resonator gyroscope is an attractive candidate for high-performance MEMS gyroscopes.This gyroscope consists of a sensor and readout electronics,and the characteristics of the sensor directly determine the performance.For the sensor,a high-quality factor and long decaying time constant are the most important characteristics required to achieve high performance.We report a disk resonator gyroscope with a measured quality factor of 510 k and decaying time constant of 74.9 s,which is a record for MEMS silicon disk resonator gyroscopes,to the best of our knowledge.To improve the quality factor of the DRG,the quality factor improvement mechanism is first analyzed,and based on this mechanism two stiffness-mass decoupled methods,i.e.,spoke length distribution optimization and lumped mass configuration design,are proposed and demonstrated.A disk resonator gyroscope prototype is fabricated based on these design strategies,and the sensor itself shows an angle random walk as low as 0.001°/√h,demonstrating true potential to achieve navigation-grade performance.The gyroscope with readout electronics shows an angle random walk of 0.01°/√h and a bias instability of 0.04°/h at room temperature without compensation,revealing that the performance of the gyroscope is severely limited by the readout electronics,which should be further improved.We expect that the quality factor improvement methods can be used in the design of other MEMS gyroscopes and that the newly designed DRG can be further improved to achieve navigation-grade performances for high-end industrial,transportation,aerospace,and automotive applications.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 51935013,52075540,51905538the National Key R&D Program of China under Grant 2018YFB2002304The Hunan Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars 2020JJ2033 is also acknowledged gratefully。
文摘Whole-angle gyroscopes have broad prospects for development with inherent advantages of excellent scale factor,wide bandwidth and measurement range,which are restrictions on rate gyroscopes.Previous studies on the whole-angle mode are based mostly on the linear model of Lynch,and the essential nonlinearity of capacitive displacement detection is always neglected,which has significant negative effects on the performance.In this paper,a novel realtime calibration method of capacitive displacement detection is proposed to eliminate these nonlinear effects.This novel method innovatively takes advantage of the relationship between the first and third harmonic components of detective signals for calibration.Based on this method,the real-time calibration of capacitive displacement detection is achieved and solves the problems of traditional methods,which are usually related to the vibration amplitude,environmental variations and other factors.Furthermore,this novel calibration method is embedded into a whole-angle control system to restore the linear capacitive response in real time and then combined with a microshell resonator for the first time to exploit the enormous potential of an ultrahigh Q factor and symmetric structure.The effectiveness is proven because the angle drift is reduced significantly to improve the scale-factor nonlinearity by 14 times to 0.79 ppm with 0.0673/h bias instability and a 0.0017s rate threshold,which is the best reported performance of the MEMS whole-angle gyroscope thus far.More importantly,this novel calibration method can be applied for all kinds of resonators with the requirement of a linear capacitive response even under a large resonant amplitude.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.51978618,51878582)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (Nos.LY21E080018,LY18E080036)+1 种基金Guiding Project of Fujian Province of China (No.2021Y0041)Foundation of Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment and Ministry of Education (Tongji University),China (No.YRWEF201901)。
文摘As an active metabolite of venlafaxine and emerging antidepressant,Odesmethylvenlafaxine(ODVEN) was widely detected in different water bodies,which caused potential harm to human health and environmental safety.In this study,the comparative work on the ODVEN degradation by UV(254 nm) and UV-LED(275 nm) activated sodium percarbonate(SPC) systems was systematically performed.The higher removal rate of ODVEN can be achieved under UV-LED direct photolysis(14.99%) than UV direct photolysis(4.57%) due to the higher values of photolysis coefficient at the wavelength 275nm.Significant synergistic effects were observed in the UV/SPC(80.38%) and UV-LED/SPC(53.57%) systems and the former exhibited better performance for the elimination of ODVEN.The degradation of ODVEN all followed the pseudo-first-order kinetics well in these processes,and the pseudo-first-order rate constant(kobs) increased with increasing SPC concentration.Radicals quenching experiments demonstrated that both ·OH and CO_(3)·-were involved in the degradation of ODVEN and the second-order rate constant of ODVEN with CO_(3)·-(1.58 × 10^(8)(mol/L)-1sec-1) was reported for the first time based on competitive kinetic method.The introduction of HA,Cl-,NO_(3)-and HCO_(3)-inhibited the ODVEN degradation to varying degrees in the both processes.According to quantum chemical calculation,radical addition at the ortho-position of the phenolic hydroxyl group was confirmed to be the main reaction pathways for the oxidation of ODVEN by·OH.In addition,the oxidation of ODVEN may involve the demethylation,H-abstraction,OH^(-)addition and C-N bond cleavage.Eventually,the UV-LED/SPC process was considered to be more cost-effective compared to the UV/SPC process,although the UV/SPC process possessed a higher removal rate of ODVEN.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grants U21A20505 and 62104258).
文摘High-performance micro-electro-mechanical system(MEMS)gyrocompasses for north-finding systems have been very popular for decades.In this paper,a MEMS north-finding system(NFS)based on virtual maytagging(VM)is presented for the first time.In stark contrast to previous schemes of MEMS-based NFSs(e.g.,carouseling,maytagging)and the abandoning rate table,we developed a honeycomb disk resonator gyroscope(HDRG)and two commercial accelerometers for azimuth detection.Instead of the physical rotation of the integrated turntable in traditional NFSs,the vibratory working modes of the HDRG are rotated periodically with electronic control to reduce the uncertainty in the azimuth.After systematically analyzing the principle of NFSs with VM,we designed tests to verify the practicability at the sensor level.A bias instability of 0.0078°/h can be obtained during one day with VM in an HDRG.We also implemented comparative north-finding experiments to further check our strategy at the system level.The accuracy in the azimuth can reach 0.204°for 5 min at 28.2°latitude with VM and 0.172°with maytagging.The results show that without any mechanical turning parts,VM technology makes it possible to develop high-precision handheld MEMS NFSs.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(No.81573371)the Key Projects of Liaoning Province Department of Education(No.2017LZD03,China)
文摘Hyaluronic acid(HA) is a natural ligand of tumor-targeted drug delivery systems(DDS) due to the relevant CD44 receptor overexpressed on tumor cell membranes. However, other HA receptors(HARE and LYVE-1) are also overexpressing in the reticuloendothelial system(RES). Therefore,polyethylene glycol(PEG) modification of HA-based DDS is necessary to reduce RES capture.Unfortunately, pegylation remarkably inhibits tumor cellular uptake and endosomal escapement,significantly compromising the in vivo antitumor efficacy. Herein, we developed a Dox-loaded HA-based transformable supramolecular nanoplatform(Dox/HCVBP) to overcome this dilemma. Dox/HCVBP contains a tumor extracellular acidity-sensitive detachable PEG shell achieved by a benzoic imine linkage.The in vitro and in vivo investigations further demonstrated that Dox/HCVBP could be in a "stealth" state at blood stream for a long circulation time due to the buried HA ligands and the minimized nonspecific interaction by PEG shell. However, it could transform into a "recognition" state under the tumor acidic microenvironment for efficient tumor cellular uptake due to the direct exposure of active targeting ligand HA following PEG shell detachment. Such a transformative concept provides a promising strategy to resolve the dilemma of natural ligand-based DDS with conflicting two processes of tumor cellular uptake and in vivo nonspecific biodistribution.
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFE0112000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.51603227).
文摘Electrodes based on composites of silver nanowires(AgNWs)and elastic polymers have been widely studied and applied in various stretchable electronic devices.However,due to the high aspect ratio of nanowires,the patterning of AgNW-based composite electrodes remains a huge challenge,especially for high-resolution complex circuit wiring on large-size elastic substrates.In this paper,we propose a method for preparing large-size stretchable circuit boards with high-resolution electrodes by the combination of screen printing and vacuum filtration of AgNWs/polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)composite.The as-prepared stretchable electrodes have smooth edges with patterning resolution up to-50 μm.The conductivity of the composite electrode can be precisely controlled by varying deposition densities of AgNWs and have reached to 1.07 x 10^(4) S/cm when the deposition density was 2.0 mg/cm^(2).In addition,the uniformity of conductivity and the resistance-strain characteristics of composite electrodes were systematically evaluated with different AgNWs deposition densities.The composite electrodes have been successfully employed to construct a large-size programmable display system and an 18-channel surface electromyography(EMG)recording,showing great potentials for some strain-insensitive stretchable circuits in wearable and health-related electronic applications.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81871593 and 81701931)the National Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(No.18JCQNJC10500).
文摘To the Editor:Cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR)guidelines,especially the latest 2020 guidelines issued by the American Heart Association(AHA),have emphasized the importance of high-quality CPR.[1]The research on cardiac arrest(CA)and CPR has dramatically increased in recent years,and the international recovery guidelines are also being revised and implemented.However,the outcome of in-hospital cardiac arrest(IHCA)remains poor,and the understanding of the prognostic factors for survival outcome after IHCA is lacking,especially in China.Patients with CA are often poorly treated,and the incidence and mortality of CA are increasing yearly.[2]This study analyzed the effects of CPR,and explored the factors that affect survival outcome after IHCA in adults.
基金supported by the Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M682987)the NSFC-Shenzhen Robotics Basic Research Center Program(U2013207)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1913601,81927804,62003331)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2018A030313065)the National Key Research and Development Project,MOST(2020YFC2005803).
文摘Wearable on-skin electrodes or conductors should be vapor permeable,strain-insensitive,isotropically stretchable and stable under cyclic stretching.Various strategies have been proposed to prepare the required conductors up to now;however,it is a challenge to fabricate them with above properties in a simple manner.In this paper,a highly permeable and stretchable conductor based on electrospun fluorine rubber fiber mat is reported.The fibers are pre-stretched in electric field during electrospinning,and they shrink isotropically by~35-40%in area after being detached from the substrate.The obtained fiber mat conductor demonstrates high stretchability up to~170%,and the resistance changes only 0.8 under 60%strain,which is superior to many other strain-insensitive conductors.The conductor possesses high stability,no cracks or structure damage are observed after washing and cyclic stretching.Moreover,the conductor is vapor permeable with a water vapor transmission rate of~850 g m−2 day−1,which is comparable to the normal water evaporation in ambient conditions,indicating that it would not disturb the sweat evaporation when being used on skin.The conductor is successfully used as stretchable yarns and electromyography(EMG)electrodes,showing high reliability in E-textiles and on-skin applications.
基金supported by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2021M693317)the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant (62101545,81927804,U1913601,62003331)+4 种基金Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Human Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems (2019B121205007)the NSFC-Shenzhen Robotics Basic Research Center Program (U2013207)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (2018A030313065)the National Key Research and Development Project,MOST (2020YFC2005803)GuangDong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2020A1515110205).
文摘Electrophysiological monitoring under strenuous exercise by using stretchable dry electrodes is vital for healthcare monitoring,prosthetic control,human−machine interfaces and other biomedical applications.However,the existing dry electrodes are not applicable to the strenuous exercise situation that always involves both fast moving and profuse sweating.Herein,we present a nano-thick porous stretchable dry electrode system with high stretchability and water permeability.The system attaches conformably to the skin and stretches with it under Van der Waals forces even at sweating conditions,allowing the detection of electromyogram when moving with an acceleration of 10 g at a sweating rate of 2.8 mg cm^(−2) min^(−1).It is also capable of acquiring electrocardiogram and electroencephalogram signals.The strategy proposed would enable the biomedical studies and related applications with the requirement of stably recording electrophysiological signals under strenuous exercise scenarios.