围产期护理缺失量表的汉化及信效度检验

目的翻译围产期护理缺失量表,并对其进行信度和效度检验,为国内开展围产期护理缺失的量性研究提供可靠的测评工具。方法采用美国矫形外科医师学会循证医学委员会推荐的跨文化调试量表指南对英文版围产期护理缺失量表进行翻译、回译-文化调适及内容验证,形成中文版围产期护理缺失量表,并通过横断面研究验证其信效度。于2023年2月至4月采用便利抽样法,选取西南地区14所不同级别医院491名助产士进行问卷调查。采用项目分析检验中文版量表条目的鉴别度,采用探索性和验证性因子分析评价量表的结构效度,采用内容效度指数和Cronbach'sa系数评价内容效度和信度。结果围产期护理缺失.量表包括A、B两部分。中文版围产期护理缺失量表A部分的项目-总量表相关系数为0.641 -0.866, B部分为0.644~0.819(P<0.01)。A部分和B部分的量表水平内容效度指数均为0.95,条目水平内容效度指数为0.86~1.00。探索性因子分析分别提取了A部分(必要性护理、基本护理和产后护理)和B部分(沟通、人力资源和物质资源)各3个因子,占总方差的70.186%和71.984%。量表A、B部分的Cronbach's a系数分别为0.968、0.940。结论中文版围产期护理缺失量表具有良好的信度和效度,可作为国内评价围产期护理缺失情况和相关原因的工具。未来需要进行更大样本量的研究,以验证该工具在中国本土的适用性。

The Use of Floss in Medical Faculties of Inner Mongolia Medical University in 2017

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to determine the degree of using floss and the demographic characteristics of medical faculties of Inner Mongolia Medical University. Materials and Methods: Participants completed the questionnaire in the classroom. These participants came from the medical faculties of Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine. These participants were interviewed to determine the demographic characteristics. Non-flossors responded according to their reasons for not flossing. Results: A total of 3481 effective data were available for analysis. The floss prevalence was 17.21%, which was lower by 5.72% for students living in rural areas, when compared to students living in urban areas. The largest proportion of non-flossing participants in rural areas answered, “I do not know what a floss is”, while participants in urban answered, “I do not want to use it”. The largest proportion of answered flossing frequency was less than once a month. Conclusion: The present study indicates that the prevalence of using floss in medical faculties in Inner Mongolia Medical University was higher, when compared to that in Sichuan province, China, but lower than that in other countries. Although the students use floss, more than one-third of students use floss less than once a month, which is close to “never”. The prevalence in rural areas is lower than those in urban areas. Male not only comprises the total number of prevalence, but also has a frequency greater than that in females. The emphasis on using floss should be improved in medical students.

The Differences in Alcohol Use between Urban and Rural Students of Inner Mongolia Medical University, China

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the difference in alcohol use between urban and rural students of Inner Mongolia Medical University. Methods: A cross-sectional census was conducted on medical students on campus in 2013. We use multivariate logistic regression models to assess the factors associated with alcohol use. We further use chi-square test assess on differences in alcohol use between urban and rural people among significance factors in logistic regression models. Results: The prevalence of alcohol use among students in rural area was higher than that in urban area (p = 0.016). Alcohol use was associated with Gender, monthly expenses, residence, ethnic and faculty. The odds of alcohol use for Mongolia students were 1.139 times higher than that for Han students. The prevalence of alcohol consumption among students from pharmacy or Traditional Chinese Medicine and Mongolian Medicine faculties in rural area was higher than that among student in urban area (p = 0.03;p = 0.001). The prevalence of alcohol use among female students in rural area was higher than that among female students in urban area (p < 0.043). The proportion of alcohol use among students with <600 in rural area was higher than that among students in urban area (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Considering the differences in the prevalence of alcohol use between rural area and urban area, university administrators aiming at students from various regions develop various approaches.

Effect of Reaction Temperature and Pressure on the Metathesis Reaction between Ethene and 2-Butene to Propene on the WO_3/Al_2O_3-HY Catalyst

Effect of reaction temperature and pressure on the metathesis reaction between ethene and 2-butene to propene was studied on the WO3/γ-Al2O3-HY catalyst. The activity is found to increase with elevated temperature and reaches a plateau at 150-240 ℃. After that, the activity undergoes a remarkable decrement at too high temperature. The effect of temperature is elucidated by the oxidation state of tungsten species. The evaluation results also indicate that the stability is dependent on this reaction parameter. Medium pressure （0.5-0.8 MPa） is favorable for stability, while atmospheric pressure or too high pressure （〉1.0 MPa） deteriorates the stability. For explanation, UV Vis, FT-IR, O2-TPO, and TG techniques are used to characterize the spent catalysts.

Energy dissipation and power deposition of electromagnetic waves in the plasma sheath

Energy dissipation and power deposition of electromagnetic waves(EMW)in the reentry plasma sheath provide an opportunity to investigate‘communication blackout’phenomena.Based on afinite element method(FEM)simulation,we analyze variation of EMW energy dissipation and power deposition profiles dependent on the wave polarization,wave incident angle,plasma density profile and electron collision frequency.Cutoff and resonance of EMW in the plasma sheath are crucial in explaining the regulation of energy dissipation and power deposition.

Death Characteristics of Neurological Diseases in Inner Mongolia between 2008 and 2015

Background: There are no studies of death from neurological diseases found, however, neurological diseases were the leading cause of disability-adjusted life years in 2015 worldwide. Aim: The scientific aim of this study is to analyze the death characteristics of neurological diseases in Inner Mongolia occurring between 2008 and 2015. Methods: The data collected from Death Registry System (DRS) were categorized by gender, ethnicity, age, and death location. The subjects were divided into age groups for every 10 years from the age of 20. Mortality and gender: age-specific mortality was calculated for every 100,000 people from 2008 to 2015. Results: We found that Alzheimer’s disease has the highest proportion which equated to over one-fifth of all neurological diseases. Males displayed a higher mortality rate than females in all neurological diseases. The neurological diseases mortality showed a total potential year of life lost (PYLL) of about 20,151 years, and it was 2.03 times higher for male than that for female. The average potential years of life lost (APYLL) showed 17.72 years, and APYLL in males was 3.34 years longer than in females. More than 60% of the deaths resulting from the neurological disease occur at home for both males and females. Conclusion: Alzheimer disease is the most serious disease of all neurological diseases, however, cerebral palsy and epilepsy also displayed the highest loss of life for residents. Mortality of neurological diseases was generally higher in males than in females, and this increased with age.

The Description of Pancreatic Cancer Death in Inner Mongolia 2008-2014

Objective: The study aimed to assess the characteristics of pancreatic cancer deaths and the relationship between socio-demographic status and mortality risk of pancreatic cancer in Inner Mongolia. Method: We obtained our data for 2008-2014 from the Death Registry System of Inner Mongolia. We calculated the mortality rate, potential years of life lost (PYLL) and average years of life lost (AYLL) for men and women. We collected socio-demographic characteristics including education level, ethnicity, region, and occupation. Logistic regression models were employed to analyze risk factors of pancreatic cancer. Results: The average mortality rate of pancreatic cancer was 4.42/100,000 in Inner Mongolia during 2008 to 2014. Mortality rate in men was higher in all age groups compared with those in women. The highest mortality rate was 1.3 times than the lowest mortality rate for men and 1.6 times for women during seven years. Average AYLL in women were more than 3.4 years compared with that in men. PYLLR in women was fluctuated from 0.41 to 0.63 per thousand during 2008 to 2014. In eastern region, no occupation and high education level had a higher risk of pancreatic cancer. Conclusion: In Inner Mongolia, the mortality rate associated with pancreatic cancer was higher in men compared with in women. More than 65 years old groups had high death risk for pancreatic cancer. Average years of life lost for women were significantly higher than that for men. We should pay more attention to the older men.

Document Analysis of Correlation between Climate and Stroke

Aim: The aim of the research is to determine characteristic of the correlation between climate and stroke through the analysis of relevant documents. Methods: We found 115 researches of temperature and season on stroke mortality/incidence and these were categorized according to location, meteorology, date span, data source and research sites’ latitudes. We divided the globe into 5 temperature zones based on latitude ranges: 0 - 10, 10 - 23.5, 23.5 - 40, 40 - 50, and >50 degrees, and allotted a zone to each country. Stroke mortality by five temperature zones was calculated per 100,000 people. Results: 70% of the researches came from latitudes greater than 40 degrees with 92% of researches located in Europe, USA, and Asia. The mortality range was 42 - 63 per 105 individuals within latitudes 0 - 40 degrees. In latitudes 40 - 66.5 degrees, a linear upward trend (y = 69.82x &#8722;22.823, R2 = 0.99) was noticed. More than 75% of the research reports indicated a negative correlation between climate and stroke, and the proportion was almost 6 and 7 times greater than that of the fluctuation and non-correlation, respectively. The most frequently used research methods were regression analysis and time series analysis. Conclusion: All of the research results confirmed that lower temperature is associated with higher mortality and incidence of stroke, while higher latitude is correlated with higher stroke mortality, consistent with the temperature zones.