利用自动气象站观测降水、ERA5(ECMWF reanalysis version 5)再分析资料和GDAS(Global Data Assimilation System)资料,基于SOMs(self-organizing maps)算法和天气学检验方法,归纳总结2012—2021年太行山中南段75次暖季极端降水事件的...利用自动气象站观测降水、ERA5(ECMWF reanalysis version 5)再分析资料和GDAS(Global Data Assimilation System)资料,基于SOMs(self-organizing maps)算法和天气学检验方法,归纳总结2012—2021年太行山中南段75次暖季极端降水事件的环流形势,探讨不同形势下的水汽输送特征及降水差异。结果表明:影响太行山中南段暖季极端降水的环流形势可分为高空槽型、低涡型、副高纬向型、副高经向型和西北气流型5种,其中以高空槽型最为常见,西北气流型最少。低涡型存在孟加拉湾、南海和西北太平洋水汽输送通道,其日降水极值、最大小时降水强度和影响范围在所有类型中均最大,与低涡型相比,高空槽型缺少西北太平洋水汽输送通道,而副高纬向型和副高经向型缺少孟加拉湾水汽输送通道。利用HYSPLIT(hybrid single-particle Lagrangian integrated trajectory)模型追踪气团发现:低涡型和副高纬向型均以来自西北太平洋的水汽输送贡献最大,高空槽型和副高经向型分别以来自黄海沿岸和南海的水汽输送贡献最大。整层水汽收支分析表明:太行山中南段暖季极端降水最主要的水汽流入来自南边界,其他流入边界及各边界水汽流入贡献的相对大小与环流形势有关。展开更多
为充分利用气象信息综合分析处理系统第4版(Meteorology Information Comprehensive Analysis Process System 4,MICAPS 4)强大的气象数据显示和分析能力,在.Net Framework 4.5框架下,利用C#开发语言和MySQL数据库,基于MICAPS 4二次开...为充分利用气象信息综合分析处理系统第4版(Meteorology Information Comprehensive Analysis Process System 4,MICAPS 4)强大的气象数据显示和分析能力,在.Net Framework 4.5框架下,利用C#开发语言和MySQL数据库,基于MICAPS 4二次开发接口,设计研发了山西省灾害性天气历史个例库应用系统,实现了历史个例库管理、历史个例和相似历史个例检索与资料分析、历史个例训练与考试模拟等应用功能。目前,该系统已经较好地应用于业务中。系统不仅可扩展程度高、本地化应用方便,而且业务实用性较强,具有较高的应用推广价值。本文从系统设计、开发、功能以及实现方法等方面给予详细介绍。展开更多
2020年6月5日山西省沁源县发生森林火灾,通过对天气形势、雷达回波、闪电定位等多源气象资料的分析,并利用欧洲中期天气预报中心(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts,ECMWF)第五代全球大气再分析产品——ERA5,分析了...2020年6月5日山西省沁源县发生森林火灾,通过对天气形势、雷达回波、闪电定位等多源气象资料的分析,并利用欧洲中期天气预报中心(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts,ECMWF)第五代全球大气再分析产品——ERA5,分析了此次森林火灾前期及期间的温度、降水量等气象要素演变特征,再结合现场情况调查,给出了此次森林火灾的起因。结果表明:此次森林火灾是由一次正极性地闪所导致,雷击点处于对流云边缘,闪电发生时间为6月5日15:39,电流强度42.2 kA。事故前期起火点所在区域连续2 d未发生降水,火灾发生当日该区域地面增温明显,气温为30~33℃,降水量小于0.1 mm,微风。展开更多
Subtle traps or oil pools have become an important exploration play in the Dongying Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, east China. Despite recent successes in exploration, the formation mechanisms of subtle traps are still ...Subtle traps or oil pools have become an important exploration play in the Dongying Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, east China. Despite recent successes in exploration, the formation mechanisms of subtle traps are still not well understood. The majority of subtle oil pools in the Dongying Depression are developed in the middle interval of the Es3 Member of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation with the subtle traps being primarily of lenticular basin-floor turbidite sands encompassed in mudstones. Oil in the subtle traps was previously thought to have migrated directly from the surrounding source rocks of the same formation （Es3）. Detailed geochemical investigation of 41 oils and 41 rock samples from the depression now indicates that the oils from the subtle traps cannot be correlated well with the surrounding Es3 source rocks, which are characterized by high Pr/ Ph （〉1）, low Gammacerane/C30hopane, representing a freshwater lacustrine setting. In contrast the oils features low Pr/Ph （〈1） and relatively high Gammacerane content, showing a genetic affinity with the underlying Es4 source rocks, which also have the same qualities, indicating a brackish lacustrine setting. Oils in the Es3 subtle traps are probably derived from mixed sources with the contribution from the upper Es4 source rocks predominating. Therefore unconventional oil migration and accumulation mechanisms need to be invoked to explain the pooling of oils from the ES4 source rocks, which probably came through a thick low interval of the Es3 source rocks with no apparent structural or stratigraphic pathways. We suggest that the subtle oil migration pathway probably plays an important role here. This finding may have significant implications for future exploration and the remaining resource evaluation in the Dongying Depression.展开更多
A large number of crude oil and rock samples from various oil pools of the Central Uplift in Dongying Depression were investigated to reveal the origin and accumulation of hydrocarbons. The results showed that the com...A large number of crude oil and rock samples from various oil pools of the Central Uplift in Dongying Depression were investigated to reveal the origin and accumulation of hydrocarbons. The results showed that the composition and areal distribution of hydrocarbons vary with the location of the oil pools. An increasing trend of gammacerane/C30-hopane and steranes/hopanes but a decreasing trend of prystane/phytane （Pr/Ph） and 18（H）-/17（H）- trisnorhopane （Ts/Tm） ratios were observed from southwest to northeast. This indicates a variation of source rocks and hydrocarbon properties. An increasing trend of water salinity with much more input of algae-rich microorganisms in the deposition environment of the source rock was observed from southwest to northeast. However, the thermal maturity of the source rocks showed a decreasing trend in the same direction. Oil-to-oil and oil-to-source rock correlations showed that most oils were sourced from Es3 and Es4 members with a burial depth of more than 3,000-3,150 m and 2,700 m respectively. The oils in the Shinan and Ying 11 sand bodies, which were generally mixed with the Es4 sourced oils, came mostly from Es3 mudstones. It is quite significant that the Es4 derived oils migrated vertically for hundreds of meters and accumulated in an overlying lithologic pool of the Es3^m, i.e., Ying 11 synclinal lithologic pool, which suggests that the mechanisms of migration and accumulation for subtle oil pools in the Dongying Depression are more complex than that of the previously expected.展开更多
Conventional geochemical approaches were utilized in the quantitative prediction of the proportions of mixed-source crude oils derived from the Es3 and ES4 members of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation. The mixed-source...Conventional geochemical approaches were utilized in the quantitative prediction of the proportions of mixed-source crude oils derived from the Es3 and ES4 members of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation. The mixed-source oils are accumulated in the middle interval of the Es3 member （Es3 M） in the Niuzhuang Sag, which is one of the sags where subtle traps are primarily of lenticular basin-floor turbidite sands within mudstones mostly developed in the Dongying Depression, Bohai Bay Basin. The result showed that about 18-92% of the mixed-source oils were derived from the Es4 source rocks with an average of 55-60%）. Reservoirs associated with deep faults appear to have much more Es4 genetic affinity oils. A high proportion of the Es4-derived oils discovered in the Es3 M subtle lithological traps in the Niuzhuang Sag have long migration distances. This suggests that surrounding source rocks might not necessarily control the hydrocarbon supply for subtle traps. Subtle migration pathway may play an important role in the vertical oil migration. The traditional concept of hydrocarbons accumulation in these tenticular turbidite sandstone traps within a short migration distance from the surrounding source rocks is not supported by this study. The present result is also consistent with our previous findings that immature oils in the Bamianhe Oilfield in the south slope of the Niuzhuang Sag were actually mixed-source oils mostly sourced from the Es4 in the depocenter of the Niuzhuang Sag, and the petroleum potential of the ES4 member in the Dongying Depression should therefore be re-evaluated.展开更多
The high quality source rock widely developed in the area which provides a large amount of hydrocarbon for the large area tight sand oil formation, the delta tight sand widely developed next to the source rock vertica...The high quality source rock widely developed in the area which provides a large amount of hydrocarbon for the large area tight sand oil formation, the delta tight sand widely developed next to the source rock vertically which provides a large amount of reservoir space for the large area tight sand oil formation, and hydrocarbon generation synchronizes with reservoir rock densification process, furthermore, the fault and fracture system which formed during the late Yanshan tectonic movement connected the source rock with reservoir rock, all of these provide the favorable conditions for a large area of tight sand oil formation. The anatomical results of typical hydrocarbon enrichment zones show that high-quality source rocks are in control of oil and gas enrichment, the favorable sand bodies are in control of oil and gas distribution, and the physical properties of reservoir rock are in control of hydrocarbon enrichment, the North-east-east fractures are in control of oil enrichment and high yield.展开更多
文摘为充分利用气象信息综合分析处理系统第4版(Meteorology Information Comprehensive Analysis Process System 4,MICAPS 4)强大的气象数据显示和分析能力,在.Net Framework 4.5框架下,利用C#开发语言和MySQL数据库,基于MICAPS 4二次开发接口,设计研发了山西省灾害性天气历史个例库应用系统,实现了历史个例库管理、历史个例和相似历史个例检索与资料分析、历史个例训练与考试模拟等应用功能。目前,该系统已经较好地应用于业务中。系统不仅可扩展程度高、本地化应用方便,而且业务实用性较强,具有较高的应用推广价值。本文从系统设计、开发、功能以及实现方法等方面给予详细介绍。
文摘2020年6月5日山西省沁源县发生森林火灾,通过对天气形势、雷达回波、闪电定位等多源气象资料的分析,并利用欧洲中期天气预报中心(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts,ECMWF)第五代全球大气再分析产品——ERA5,分析了此次森林火灾前期及期间的温度、降水量等气象要素演变特征,再结合现场情况调查,给出了此次森林火灾的起因。结果表明:此次森林火灾是由一次正极性地闪所导致,雷击点处于对流云边缘,闪电发生时间为6月5日15:39,电流强度42.2 kA。事故前期起火点所在区域连续2 d未发生降水,火灾发生当日该区域地面增温明显,气温为30~33℃,降水量小于0.1 mm,微风。
基金provided by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.#40772077/D0206)an opening project of the Key Laboratory for Hydrocarbon Accumulation,Ministry of Education(China University of Petroleum)(2001-2).
文摘Subtle traps or oil pools have become an important exploration play in the Dongying Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, east China. Despite recent successes in exploration, the formation mechanisms of subtle traps are still not well understood. The majority of subtle oil pools in the Dongying Depression are developed in the middle interval of the Es3 Member of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation with the subtle traps being primarily of lenticular basin-floor turbidite sands encompassed in mudstones. Oil in the subtle traps was previously thought to have migrated directly from the surrounding source rocks of the same formation （Es3）. Detailed geochemical investigation of 41 oils and 41 rock samples from the depression now indicates that the oils from the subtle traps cannot be correlated well with the surrounding Es3 source rocks, which are characterized by high Pr/ Ph （〉1）, low Gammacerane/C30hopane, representing a freshwater lacustrine setting. In contrast the oils features low Pr/Ph （〈1） and relatively high Gammacerane content, showing a genetic affinity with the underlying Es4 source rocks, which also have the same qualities, indicating a brackish lacustrine setting. Oils in the Es3 subtle traps are probably derived from mixed sources with the contribution from the upper Es4 source rocks predominating. Therefore unconventional oil migration and accumulation mechanisms need to be invoked to explain the pooling of oils from the ES4 source rocks, which probably came through a thick low interval of the Es3 source rocks with no apparent structural or stratigraphic pathways. We suggest that the subtle oil migration pathway probably plays an important role here. This finding may have significant implications for future exploration and the remaining resource evaluation in the Dongying Depression.
文摘A large number of crude oil and rock samples from various oil pools of the Central Uplift in Dongying Depression were investigated to reveal the origin and accumulation of hydrocarbons. The results showed that the composition and areal distribution of hydrocarbons vary with the location of the oil pools. An increasing trend of gammacerane/C30-hopane and steranes/hopanes but a decreasing trend of prystane/phytane （Pr/Ph） and 18（H）-/17（H）- trisnorhopane （Ts/Tm） ratios were observed from southwest to northeast. This indicates a variation of source rocks and hydrocarbon properties. An increasing trend of water salinity with much more input of algae-rich microorganisms in the deposition environment of the source rock was observed from southwest to northeast. However, the thermal maturity of the source rocks showed a decreasing trend in the same direction. Oil-to-oil and oil-to-source rock correlations showed that most oils were sourced from Es3 and Es4 members with a burial depth of more than 3,000-3,150 m and 2,700 m respectively. The oils in the Shinan and Ying 11 sand bodies, which were generally mixed with the Es4 sourced oils, came mostly from Es3 mudstones. It is quite significant that the Es4 derived oils migrated vertically for hundreds of meters and accumulated in an overlying lithologic pool of the Es3^m, i.e., Ying 11 synclinal lithologic pool, which suggests that the mechanisms of migration and accumulation for subtle oil pools in the Dongying Depression are more complex than that of the previously expected.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.#40772077/D0206)a complimentary research project from the Key Laboratory for Hydrocarbon Accumulation Mechanism of the Ministry of Education (China University of Petroleum) (2001-2).
文摘Conventional geochemical approaches were utilized in the quantitative prediction of the proportions of mixed-source crude oils derived from the Es3 and ES4 members of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation. The mixed-source oils are accumulated in the middle interval of the Es3 member （Es3 M） in the Niuzhuang Sag, which is one of the sags where subtle traps are primarily of lenticular basin-floor turbidite sands within mudstones mostly developed in the Dongying Depression, Bohai Bay Basin. The result showed that about 18-92% of the mixed-source oils were derived from the Es4 source rocks with an average of 55-60%）. Reservoirs associated with deep faults appear to have much more Es4 genetic affinity oils. A high proportion of the Es4-derived oils discovered in the Es3 M subtle lithological traps in the Niuzhuang Sag have long migration distances. This suggests that surrounding source rocks might not necessarily control the hydrocarbon supply for subtle traps. Subtle migration pathway may play an important role in the vertical oil migration. The traditional concept of hydrocarbons accumulation in these tenticular turbidite sandstone traps within a short migration distance from the surrounding source rocks is not supported by this study. The present result is also consistent with our previous findings that immature oils in the Bamianhe Oilfield in the south slope of the Niuzhuang Sag were actually mixed-source oils mostly sourced from the Es4 in the depocenter of the Niuzhuang Sag, and the petroleum potential of the ES4 member in the Dongying Depression should therefore be re-evaluated.
文摘The high quality source rock widely developed in the area which provides a large amount of hydrocarbon for the large area tight sand oil formation, the delta tight sand widely developed next to the source rock vertically which provides a large amount of reservoir space for the large area tight sand oil formation, and hydrocarbon generation synchronizes with reservoir rock densification process, furthermore, the fault and fracture system which formed during the late Yanshan tectonic movement connected the source rock with reservoir rock, all of these provide the favorable conditions for a large area of tight sand oil formation. The anatomical results of typical hydrocarbon enrichment zones show that high-quality source rocks are in control of oil and gas enrichment, the favorable sand bodies are in control of oil and gas distribution, and the physical properties of reservoir rock are in control of hydrocarbon enrichment, the North-east-east fractures are in control of oil enrichment and high yield.
