鄂尔多斯盆地东胜煤田侏罗系煤中元素地球化学特征及其古环境意义

本文以鄂尔多斯盆地东胜煤田塔然高勒矿区锡尼布拉格勘查区6-5号钻孔延安组煤为研究对象,在工业分析和元素分析的基础上,采用X射线荧光光谱仪(XRF)和电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)测定了煤中常量元素及微量元素含量,对煤中元素的富集程度进行了分析,并利用煤相参数和地球化学参数对延安组不同煤层的沉积古环境进行了重建。结果表明:不同煤层样品以低水分含量、(特)低灰分产率、特低硫含量和中高挥发分产率为特征,煤中硫以有机硫为主;不同煤层煤中常量元素均以SiO_(2)和Al_(2)O_(3)为主,其次为CaO、Fe_(2)O_(3)和Na_(2)O;煤中微量元素富集程度不同,3#煤中富集Cr、Zr、Nb、Ta和Th,轻度富集V、Cu、Zn、Ga、Y、Ba、Yb、Hf、W、Pb和U,4#煤中富集Sb,轻度富集Ba、Be、Co,5#煤中轻度富集Be和Co,6#煤中轻度富集Cr和V;稀土元素结果表明,3#煤和6#煤以重稀土富集型为特征,4#煤和5#煤以中/重稀土富集型为特征,不同煤层均存在Eu正异常现象;不同煤层煤岩显微组分均以惰质组为主,其中4#煤中惰质组含量最低;各煤层沉积水体均为氧化环境占主导,其中3#、5#及6#煤形成于酸性、富氧—次富氧、水动力较弱的干燥森林沼泽相,而4#煤形成于酸性、富氧—次富氧、水动力较弱的干燥森林沼泽相与碱性、缺氧—极贫氧环境、水体环境波动较大的潮湿森林沼泽相,这两种环境交替出现。

基于Web的“湘赣边”线上全景漫游系统开发

“云旅游”和全景漫游能够为用户带来良好的线上虚拟旅游体验。为促进人们对“湘赣边”区域的了解,设计实现了线上全景漫游系统。借助DataV数据可视化工具和ECharts实现网页地图功能;使用无人机航拍和鱼眼相机采集原始图像;使用PTGui软件合成全景图;使用WebGL技术和Three.js组件实现了网页全景漫游和交互功能。

A computer-aided chem-photodynamic drugs self-delivery system for synergistically enhanced cancer therapy

The therapeutic strategy that gives consideration to the combination of photodynamic therapy and chemotherapy,has emerged as a potential development of effective anti-cancer medicine.Nevertheless,co-delivery of photosensitizers(PSs)and chemotherapeutic drugs in traditional carriers still remains great limitations due to low drug loadings and poor biocompatibility.Herein,we have utilized a computer-aided strategy to achieve a desired carrier-free self-delivery of pyropheophorbide a(PPa,a common PS)and podophyllotoxin(PPT,a classical chemotherapeutic drug)for synergistic cancer therapy.First,the computational simulation method identified the similar molecular sizes and rigid molecular structures between two drugs molecules.Based on the molecular docking,the intermolecular interactions were found to includeπ-πstackings,hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds.Next,both drugs could co-assemble into nanoparticles(NPs)via one-step nanoprecipitation method.The various spectral experiments(UV,IR and FL)were conducted to evaluate the formation mechanism of spherical NPs.Moreover,in vitro and in vivo experiments systematically demonstrated that PPT/PPa NPs not only showed better cellular uptake efficiency,stronger cytotoxicity and higher accumulation in tumor sites,but also exhibited synergistic antitumor effect in female BALB/C bearing-4T1 tumor mice.Such a computer-aided design strategy of chem-photodynamic drugs self-delivery systems pave the way for efficient synergistic cancer therapy.

语义社交网络中用户信息提取与影响力分析

语义网技术为传统社交网络提供一种新的模式,如何高效地提取用户的语义信息,计算并分析站点的重要度对理解网络中用户行为和优化网站系统具有重要意义.提出一种语义社交网络中信息提取与分析的方法,根据语义社交网络的链接模型定义了语义信息的通用特征模式,据此来识别、发现以及验证有效的用户信息,并使用RDF解析器进行提取和筛选;最后提出一种语义加权算法计算用户在网络中的影响力并进行排序.最终的实验结果验证了该方法的有效性和准确性.

增强现实技术在傩文化保护中的应用

以萍乡傩文化为例,进行社会调查,对结果进行了分析并指出其中的关键问题,发现将增强现实技术应用在其保护中是一种切实可行的方式。以傩面具为研究对象,采用Maya建立高精度的傩面具3D模型,以Unity为平台构建应用场景,基于Vuforia SDK实现AR识别和交互功能,开发便捷高效、功能简单易用、效果好。研究方法和结果在线上展示,同时应用在教学和实践中,在傩文化的传承与保护方面取得了一定的效果。

基于WebGL的校园全景漫游系统的设计与实现

3D全景漫游在场景展示方面有着传统图片无法比拟的优势,基于Web的全景漫游系统可以带来良好的用户体验。以萍乡学院为例,探讨了校园全景漫游系统的特点、实现方法和关键技术。从数据采集、图像处理和拼接合成等方面介绍了全景图像的制作过程,以浏览器为平台,采用WebGL技术设计和实现校园全景漫游系统,具有实现简单、性能优良和可移植性强等优点,这些方法也适用于类似场景的漫游系统的设计与实现。

响应式网页设计中移动设备的适配研究

电子和移动通信技术的迅速发展推动了智能手机、平板电脑等移动设备的大规模生产和普及,移动设备的屏幕不断出现了新的尺寸。屏幕的尺寸会影响网站内容的展示方式,开发者需要根据不同屏幕尺寸的设备进行网页的适配,这使得适配工作的工作量和难度增加。该文通过对当前主流的移动设备进行研究分析,总结出在响应式网页设计中不同移动设备的适配规则,提出一种可选的断点设置方法,为网站的开发和设计人员提供参考。

Coevolutionary insights between promoters and transcription factors in the plant and animal kingdoms

The divergence and continuous evolution of plants and animals contribute to ecological diversity.Promoters and transcription factors(TFs) are key determinants of gene regulation and transcription throughoutlife.However,theevolutionary trajectories and relationships of promoters and TFs are still poorly understood. Here, we conducted extensive analysis of large-scale multi-omics sequences in 420 animal species and 223 plant species spanning nearly a billion years of evolutionary history. Results showed that promoter GC-contentandTFisoelectricpoints,as features/signatures that accompany long biological evolution, exhibited increasing growth in animal cells but a decreasing trend in plant cells. Furthermore, the evolutionary trajectories of promoter and TF signatures in the animal kingdom provided further evidence that Mammalia as well as Aves evolved directly from the ancestor Reptilia. The strong correlation between promoter and TF signatures indicates that promoters and TFs formed antagonistic coevolution in the animal kingdom, but mutualistic coevolution in the plant kingdom. The distinct coevolutionary patterns potentially drive the plant-animal divergence, divergent evolution and ecological diversity.

地方应用型本科高校数字媒体技术专业建设的探索与实践--以萍乡学院数字媒体技术专业为例

为了探索适合地方应用型本科高校自身专业建设和发展的模式,文章以萍乡学院数字媒体技术专业为例,指出了在专业建设中存在的教学理念落后、学科定位模糊、实践教学不足、学生缺乏创新能力等问题。通过明确学科定位、优化课程体系结构、加强实践教学、建设线上课程、建立学生工作室等方法,探索培养高素质人才的专业建设道路。

Experimental study on shock interaction control of double wedge in high-enthalpy hypersonic flow subject to plasma synthetic jet

The hypersonic shock-shock interaction flow field at double-wedge geometries controlled by plasma synthetic jet actuator is experimentally studied in a Ma = 8 high-enthalpy shock tunnel with the purpose of exploring a novel technique for reducing surface heat flux in a real flight environment. The results demonstrate that increasing the discharge energy is advantageous in eliminating the shock wave, shifting the shock wave interaction point, and shortening the control response time. The oblique shock wave can be completely removed when the actuator's discharge energy grows from 0.4 J to 11.5 J, and the displacement of the shock wave interaction point increases by 124.56%, while the controlled response time is shortened by 30 μs. Besides, the reduction in diameter of the jet exit is firstly proved to have a negative impact on energy deposition in a working environment with incoming flow, which reduces the discharge energy and hence decreases the control effect. The shock wave control response time lengthens when the jet exits away from the second wedge. Along with comparing the change in wall heat flux at the second wedge over time, the control effect of plasma synthetic jet actuator with and without inflation is also analyzed. When plasma synthetic jet works in inflatable mode, both the ability to eliminate shock waves and the shifting effect of the shock wave interaction point are increased significantly, and the wall heat flux is also reduced.

Elaborately engineering of lipid nanoparticle for targeting delivery of siRNA and suppressing acute liver injury

Small interfering RNA(siRNA)-based gene silencing has been considered as a potential therapy modality against inflammatory diseases.Nevertheless,the effective delivery of siRNA to desired destination still remains challenging due to poor stability,high molecular weight and negative charge.Currently,ionizable lipid nanoparticle(LNP)has been extensively used as vector for effective delivery of siRNA.Herein,we report a mannose-modified LNP(M-MC_(3) LNP@TNFα)loading tumor necrosis factorα(TNFα)siRNA for targeting liver macrophages,achieving effectively inhibit acute liver injury.The M-MC_(3) LNP@TNFαnot only increases the internalization of LNP by macrophages,but also enhances the gene silencing efficiency of TNFαin vitro.Additionally,the M-MC_(3) LNP@TNFαexhibits higher accumulation in liver of healthy mice than that of MC_(3) LNP@TNFα(un-modified LNP)owing to the targeting effect of mannose.As expected,the M-MC_(3) LNP@TNFαsignificantly suppresses the expression of TNFαand ameliorates liver damage in acute liver injury model.Such a LNP targeting siRNA delivery holds great potential for the treatment of diseases associated with liver in the future.

Microstructural evolution and energetic characteristics of TiZrHfTa_(0.7)W_(0.3)high-entropy alloy under high strain rates and its application in high-velocity penetration

Energetic structural materials(ESMs)integrated a high energy density and rapid energy release with the ability to serve as structural materials.Here,a novel triple-phase TiZrHfTa_(0.7)W_(0.3)high-entropy alloy(HEA)was fabricated and investigated as a potential ESM.A hierarchical microstructure was obtained with a main metastable body-centered-cubic(BCC)matrix with distributed Ta-W-rich BCC precipitates of various sizes and interwoven hexagonal close-packed(HCP)lamellar nano-plates.The compressive me-chanical properties were tested across a range of strain rates and demonstrated a brittle-to-ductile tran-sition as the strain rate increased while maintaining a high ultimate strength of approximately 2.5 GPa.This was due to the phase transformation from metastable matrix BCC to HCP structures.In addition,during the dynamic deformation,metal combustion originating from the failure surface was observed.Furthermore,the composition of the fragments was studied,and the results indicated that the addition of tungsten promoted combustion.Finally,the potential application of this HEA was evaluated by high-velocity penetration tests,and the results were compared to other typical structural materials for pene-trators and bullets.A comparison was conducted by assessing the geometries of the penetration channel employing two dimensionless parameters normalized by the projectile size,representing longitudinal and lateral damage,respectively.The normalized depth of the TiZrHfTa_(0.7)W_(0.3)HEA projectile was comparable to those of the other investigated materials,but the normalized diameter was the largest,showing an excellent ability to deliver lateral damage.

乙炔-空气混合物中有限长楔面诱导斜爆轰波的起爆特性

斜爆轰波在高超声速推进具有重要的应用潜力,受到了研究者们的广泛研究。以往的研究,大多基于氢气燃料,且楔面总是无限长的.本文基于详细的化学反应模型,通过求解二维考虑基元反应的多组分欧拉方程,对乙炔-空气混合物在有限长楔形面诱导的斜爆轰进行了数值和理论研究.根据受限空间内的起爆判据,研究了膨胀波、来流马赫数和当量比对斜爆轰波起爆特性的影响.结果表明,乙炔诱导的斜爆轰波的起爆距离相对大于氢燃料诱导的。爆燃波的会聚位置和膨胀波的产生位置决定了斜爆轰波的起爆特性.当膨胀波的产生位置在爆燃波会聚位置的下游,斜爆轰波被点燃;否则,斜爆轰波不会起爆.诱导区特征长度在不同当量比下呈U型曲线分布,无论是富燃还是贫燃都会导致斜爆轰波不起爆.

Self-adaptive non-covalent albumin-binding near-infrared probe conjugates enabling precise sentinel lymph node metastasis illumination and primary tumor imaging

Tumor sentinel lymph node(SLN)metastasis plays a vital role in tumor staging and therapeutic decision-making process.However,precise diagnosis of primary tumors and lymphatic metastases is still hindered by low imaging resolution and poor photostability of fluorescent probes.Herein,we report three novel IR820-fatty acid(FA)conjugates(IR-OA,IR-LA,and IR-PA)for precise lymphatic metastasis illumination and primary tumor diagnosis.The IR-FA conjugates are able to non-covalently bound to albumin in vivo,and the fluorescence quantum yield is significantly enhanced after incubation with bovine serum albumin(BSA)in vitro.Moreover,the BSA-IR-FA conjugates display large Stokes shift(>120 nm),dramatically improving in vivo imaging resolution.Among them,IR-PA demonstrates distinct advantage over IR-OA,IR-LA,and IR-maleimide(MAL)(fluorescent probe previously reported by our group)in terms of fluorescence quantum yield,photostability,and imaging resolution.As a result,IR-PA exhibits satisfactory imaging results with high fluorescence intensity and imaging resolution in sentinel lymph node metastasis illumination and primary tumor location.Our findings provide a self-adaptive albumin-binding near-infrared probe conjugate for accurate diagnosis of primary tumors and lymphatic metastases.

Detection of skin defects on loquat using hyperspectral imaging combining both band radio and improved three-phase level set segmentation method

Background and objectives Skin defects are one of the primary problems that occur in post-harvest grading and processing of loquats.Skin defects lead to the loquat being easily destroyed during transportation and storage,which causes the risk of other loquats being infected,affecting the selling price.Materials and Methods In this paper,a method combining band radio image with an improved three-phase level set segmentation algorithm(ITPLSSM)is proposed to achieve high accuracy,rapid,and non-destructive detection of skin defects of loquats.Principal component analysis(PCA)was used to find the characteristic wavelength and PC images to distinguish four types of skin defects.The best band ratio image based on characteristic wavelength was determined.Results The band ratio image(Q782/944)based on PC2 image is the best segmented image.Based on pseudo-color image enhancement,morphological processing,and local clustering criteria,the band ratio image(Q782/944)has better contrast between defective and normal areas in loquat.Finally,the ITPLSSM was used to segment the processing band ratio image(Q782/944),with an accuracy of 95.28%.Conclusions The proposed ITPLSSM method is effective in distinguishing four types of skin defects.Meanwhile,it also effectively segments images with intensity inhomogeneities.

Reflective chiral meta-holography: multiplexing holograms for circularly polarized waves

By allowing almost arbitrary distributions of amplitude and phase of electromagnetic waves to be generated by a layer of sub-wavelength-size unit cells,metasurfaces have given rise to the field of meta-holography.However,holography with circularly polarized waves remains complicated as the achiral building blocks of existing meta-holograms inevitably contribute to holographic images generated by both left-handed and right-handed waves.Here we demonstrate how planar chirality enables the fully independent realization of high-efficiency meta-holograms for one circular polarization or the other.Such circular-polarization-selective meta-holograms are based on chiral building blocks that reflect either left-handed or right-handed circularly polarized waves with an orientation-dependent phase.Using terahertz waves,we experimentally demonstrate that this allows the straightforward design of reflective phase meta-holograms,where the use of alternating structures of opposite handedness yields independent holographic images for circularly polarized waves of opposite handedness with negligible polarization cross-talk.

Mechanically reprogrammable Pancharatnam-Berry metasurface for microwaves

Metasurfaces have enabled the realization of several optical functionalities over an ultrathin platform,fostering the exciting field of flat optics.Traditional metasurfaces are achieved by arranging a layout of static meta-atoms to imprint a desired operation on the impinging wavefront,but their functionality cannot be altered.Reconfigurability and programmability of metasurfaces are the next important step to broaden their impact,adding customized on-demand functionality in which each meta-atom can be individually reprogrammed.We demonstrate a mechanical metasurface platform with controllable rotation at the meta-atom level,which can implement continuous Pancharatnam–Berry phase control of circularly polarized microwaves.As the proof-of-concept experiments,we demonstrate metalensing,focused vortex beam generation,and holographic imaging in the same metasurface template,exhibiting versatility and superior performance.Such dynamic control of electromagnetic waves using a single,low-cost metasurface paves an avenue towards practical applications,driving the field of reprogrammable intelligent metasurfaces for a variety of applications.

Polarization-independent all-silicon dielectric metasurfaces in the terahertz regime

Dielectric metasurfaces have achieved great success in realizing high-efficiency wavefront control in the optical and infrared ranges. Here, we experimentally demonstrate several efficient, polarization-independent, all-silicon dielectric metasurfaces in the terahertz regime. The metasurfaces are composed of cylindrical silicon pillars on a silicon substrate, which can be easily fabricated using etching technology for semiconductors. By locally tailoring the diameter of the pillars, full control over abrupt phase changes can be achieved. To show the controlling ability of the metasurfaces, an anomalous deflector, three Bessel beam generators, and three vortex beam generators are fabricated and characterized. We also show that the proposed metasurfaces can be easily combined to form composite devices with extended functionalities. The proposed controlling method has promising applications in developing low-loss, ultra-compact spatial terahertz modulation devices.

Comparative study on aerodynamic heating under perfect and nonequilibrium hypersonic flows

In this study, comparative heat flux measurements for a sharp cone model were conducted by utilizing a high enthalpy shock tunnel JF-10 and a large-scale shock tunnel JF-12, responsible for providing nonequilibrium and perfect gas flows, respectively. Experiments were performed at the Key Laboratory of High Temperature Gas Dynamics(LHD), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Corresponding numerical simulations were also conducted in effort to better understand the phenomena accompanying in these experiments. By assessing the consistency and accuracy of all the data gathered during this study, a detailed comparison of sharp cone heat transfer under a totally different kind of freestream conditions was build and analyzed. One specific parameter, defined as the product of the Stanton number and the square root of the Reynold number, was found to be more characteristic for the aerodynamic heating phenomena encountered in hypersonic flight. Adequate use of said parameter practically eliminates the variability caused by the deferent flow conditions, regardless of whether the flow is in dissociation or the boundary condition is catalytic. Essentially, the parameter identified in this study reduces the amount of ground experimental data necessary and eases data extrapolation to flight.

Cancer-specific calcium nanoregulator suppressing the generation and circulation of circulating tumor cell clusters for enhanced anti-metastasis combinational chemotherapy

Tumor metastasis is responsible for chemotherapeutic failure and cancer-related death.Moreover,circulating tumor cell(CTC)clusters play a pivotal role in tumor metastasis.Herein,we develop cancer-specific calcium nanoregulators to suppress the generation and circulation of CTC clusters by cancer membrane-coated digoxin(DIG)and doxorubicin(DOX)co-encapsulated PLGA nanoparticles(CPDDs).CPDDs could precisely target the homologous primary tumor cells and CTC clusters in blood and lymphatic circulation.Intriguingly,CPDDs induce the accumulation of intracellular Ca^(2+) by inhibiting Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase,which help restrain cellecell junctions to disaggregate CTC clusters.Meanwhile,CPDDs suppress the epithelialemesenchymal transition(EMT)process,resulting in inhibiting tumor cells escape from the primary site.Moreover,the combination of DOX and DIG at a mass ratio of 5:1 synergistically induces the apoptosis of tumor cells.In vitro and in vivo results demonstrate that CPDDs not only effectively inhibit the generation and circulation of CTC clusters,but also precisely target and eliminate primary tumors.Our findings present a novel approach for anti-metastasis combinational chemotherapy.