Anaerobic sewage sludge capable of rapidly degrading tetrabromobisphenol A（TBBPA） was successfully acclimated in an anaerobic reactor over 280 days. During the period from 0 to 280 days, the TBBPA degradation rate...Anaerobic sewage sludge capable of rapidly degrading tetrabromobisphenol A（TBBPA） was successfully acclimated in an anaerobic reactor over 280 days. During the period from 0 to 280 days, the TBBPA degradation rate（DR）, utilization of glucose, and VSS were monitored continuously. After 280 days of acclimation, the TBBPA DR of active sludge reached 96.0% after 20 days of treatment in batch experiments. Based on scanning electron microscopy（SEM） observations and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis（DGGE） determinations,the diversity of the microorganisms after 0 and 280 days in the acclimated anaerobic sewage sludge was compared. Furthermore, eleven metabolites, including 2-bromophenol,3-bromophenol, 2,4-dibromophenol, 2,6-dibromophenol, tribromophenol and bisphenol A,were identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry（GC–MS）. Moreover, the six primary intermediary metabolites were also well-degraded by the acclimated anaerobic sewage sludge to varying degrees. Among the six target metabolites, tribromophenol was the most preferred substrate for biodegradation via debromination. These metabolites degraded more rapidly than monobromide and bisphenol A. The biodegradation data of the intermediary metabolites exhibited a good fit to a pseudo-first-order model.Finally, based on the metabolites, metabolic pathways were proposed. In conclusion, the acclimated microbial consortia degraded TBBPA and its metabolites well under anaerobic conditions.展开更多
Owing to the advances in surgical technology,most solid tumours can be controlled by surgical excision.The priority should be tumour control,while some routine perioperative management might influence cancer progressi...Owing to the advances in surgical technology,most solid tumours can be controlled by surgical excision.The priority should be tumour control,while some routine perioperative management might influence cancer progression in an unnoticed way.Moreover,it is increasingly recognized that effective perioperative management should include techniques to improve postoperative outcomes.These influences are elucidated by the different functions of circulating biomarkers in cancer patients.Here,circulating biomarkers with two types of clinical functions were reviewed:(i)circulating biomarkers for cancer progression monitoring,for instance,those related to cancer cell malignancy,tumour microenvironment formation,and early metastasis,and(i)circulating biomarkers with relevance to postoperative outcomes,including systemic inflammation,immunosuppression,cognitive dysfunction,and pain management.This review aimed to provide new perspectives for the perioperative management of patients with cancer and highlight the potential clinical translation value of circulating biomarkers in improving outcomes.展开更多
基金supported in part by the Grant from Guangdong Province Scientific and Technological Project (2016A050503029)Fundamental Research Funds for the Universities (161gpy27)Research Fund Program of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (2016K0008)
文摘Anaerobic sewage sludge capable of rapidly degrading tetrabromobisphenol A（TBBPA） was successfully acclimated in an anaerobic reactor over 280 days. During the period from 0 to 280 days, the TBBPA degradation rate（DR）, utilization of glucose, and VSS were monitored continuously. After 280 days of acclimation, the TBBPA DR of active sludge reached 96.0% after 20 days of treatment in batch experiments. Based on scanning electron microscopy（SEM） observations and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis（DGGE） determinations,the diversity of the microorganisms after 0 and 280 days in the acclimated anaerobic sewage sludge was compared. Furthermore, eleven metabolites, including 2-bromophenol,3-bromophenol, 2,4-dibromophenol, 2,6-dibromophenol, tribromophenol and bisphenol A,were identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry（GC–MS）. Moreover, the six primary intermediary metabolites were also well-degraded by the acclimated anaerobic sewage sludge to varying degrees. Among the six target metabolites, tribromophenol was the most preferred substrate for biodegradation via debromination. These metabolites degraded more rapidly than monobromide and bisphenol A. The biodegradation data of the intermediary metabolites exhibited a good fit to a pseudo-first-order model.Finally, based on the metabolites, metabolic pathways were proposed. In conclusion, the acclimated microbial consortia degraded TBBPA and its metabolites well under anaerobic conditions.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2018YFC2001800)to X.H.and T.Z.Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(Grant No.2019-12M-5-011)to T.Z.
文摘Owing to the advances in surgical technology,most solid tumours can be controlled by surgical excision.The priority should be tumour control,while some routine perioperative management might influence cancer progression in an unnoticed way.Moreover,it is increasingly recognized that effective perioperative management should include techniques to improve postoperative outcomes.These influences are elucidated by the different functions of circulating biomarkers in cancer patients.Here,circulating biomarkers with two types of clinical functions were reviewed:(i)circulating biomarkers for cancer progression monitoring,for instance,those related to cancer cell malignancy,tumour microenvironment formation,and early metastasis,and(i)circulating biomarkers with relevance to postoperative outcomes,including systemic inflammation,immunosuppression,cognitive dysfunction,and pain management.This review aimed to provide new perspectives for the perioperative management of patients with cancer and highlight the potential clinical translation value of circulating biomarkers in improving outcomes.
