在当前历史环境更新的设计实践中,除了对重要历史建筑的保护,设计理念也从与环境协调向与环境共生转变。新建项目和既有建筑更新有助于修补地段形态,并补充功能上的不足。对于历史校园中的既有建筑而言,在信息处理方面的种类较多,该文...在当前历史环境更新的设计实践中,除了对重要历史建筑的保护,设计理念也从与环境协调向与环境共生转变。新建项目和既有建筑更新有助于修补地段形态,并补充功能上的不足。对于历史校园中的既有建筑而言,在信息处理方面的种类较多,该文依照信息的作用范围,将其定义成场地信息、空间信息和运营信息三类。以加州大学伯克利分校学生活动中心(CAL Student Community Center)为例,说明三种信息的处理内容以及在历史环境既有项目更新中的作用。在信息收集的过程中充分发现场地、空间、运营中的问题,使得更新项目能够更好地契合历史氛围,为使用者提供舒适的环境。从环境行为研究角度,有助于建筑师更好地处理历史校园更新信息,得出设计需求。展开更多
BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are considered to be highly stable due to the closed structure, which are predominately correlated with the development and progression of a wide variety of cancers. Colon cancer is...BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are considered to be highly stable due to the closed structure, which are predominately correlated with the development and progression of a wide variety of cancers. Colon cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. A recent study demonstrated the upregulated expression of circPIP5K1A in non-small cell lung cancer. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between circ_0014130 level and colon cancer. Therefore, elucidating the underlying mechanisms of circPIP5K1A’s role may help with the identification of novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets for colon cancer. AIM To investigate the status of circPIP5K1A in colon cancers and its effects on the modulation of cancer development. METHODS The expression level of circPIP5K1A in tissue and serum samples from colon cancer patients, as well as human colonic cancer cell lines was detected by realtime quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Following the transfection of specifically synthesized small interfering RNA (siRNA) into colon cell lines, we used Hoechst staining assay to measure the ratio of cell death in the absence of circPIP5K1A. Moreover, we also used the Transwell assay to assess the migratory function of colon cells overexpressing circPIP5K1A. Additionally, we employed a series of bioinformatics prediction programs to predict the potential of circPIP5K1A-targeted miRNAs and mRNAs. The miR-1273a vector was constructed, and then transfected with or without circPIP5K1A vector into colon cancer cells. Afterwards, the expression of activator protein 1 (AP-1), interferon regulating factor 4 (IRF-4), caudal type homeobox 2 (CDX-2), and zinc finger of the cerebellum 1 (Zic-1) was detected by western blotting. RESULTS CircPIP5K1A was significantly upregulated in colon cancer tissue relative to their adjacent normal tissues. Knockdown of circPIP5K1A in colon cancer cells impaired cell viability and suppressed cell invasion and migration, while enforced expression of circPIP5K1A exhibited the opposite effects on cell migration. Bioinformatics prediction program predicted that the association of circPIP5K1A with miR-1273a, as well as AP-1, IRF-4, CDX-2, and Zic-1. Subsequent studies showed that overexpression of circPIP5K1A augmented the expression of AP-1 but attenuated the expression of IRF-4, CDX-2, and Zic-1. Reciprocally, overexpression of miR-1273a abrogated the oncogenic function of circPIP5K1A in colon cancers. CONCLUSION Overall, our data demonstrate the oncogenic role of circPIP5K1A-miR-1273a axis in regulation of colon cancer development, which provides a novel insights into colon cancer pathogenesis.展开更多
Irradiation from diverse sources is ubiquitous and closely associated with human activities. Radiation therapy (RT), an important component of multiple radiation origins, is a common therapeutic modality for cancer. M...Irradiation from diverse sources is ubiquitous and closely associated with human activities. Radiation therapy (RT), an important component of multiple radiation origins, is a common therapeutic modality for cancer. More importantly, RT provides significant contribution to oncotherapy by killing tumor cells. However, during the course of therapy, irradiation of normal tissues can result in a wide range of side effects, including self-limited acute toxicities, mild chronic symptoms, or severe organ dysfunction. Although numerous promising radioprotective agents have emerged, only a few have successfully entered the market because of various limitations. At present, the widely accepted hypothesis for protection against radiation-caused injury involves the Wnt canonical pathway. Activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway may protect the salivary gland, oral mucosa, and gastrointestinal epithelium from radiation damage. The underlying mechanisms include inhibiting apoptosis and preserving normal tissue functions. However, aberrant Wnt signaling underlies a wide range of pathologies in humans, and its various components contribute to cancer. Moreover, studies have suggested that Wnt/ β-catenin signaling may lead to radioresistance of cancer stem cell. These facts markedly complicate any definition of the exact function of the Wnt pathway.展开更多
The number of wild animals un-der state protection in Tibet has been a topic for discussion among conser-vationists the world over.Many in-ternational organizations,academic groups and schools have participated in,or ...The number of wild animals un-der state protection in Tibet has been a topic for discussion among conser-vationists the world over.Many in-ternational organizations,academic groups and schools have participated in,or given financial help to,wldlife protection and research in Tibet.The American Wildlife Protection Asso-ciation,Japan's Intermational Center for Environmental Protection and Germany's Goettingen University have all sent researchers to Tibet to study the 8 animal kingdom In this fascinating corner of the globe.展开更多
文摘在当前历史环境更新的设计实践中,除了对重要历史建筑的保护,设计理念也从与环境协调向与环境共生转变。新建项目和既有建筑更新有助于修补地段形态,并补充功能上的不足。对于历史校园中的既有建筑而言,在信息处理方面的种类较多,该文依照信息的作用范围,将其定义成场地信息、空间信息和运营信息三类。以加州大学伯克利分校学生活动中心(CAL Student Community Center)为例,说明三种信息的处理内容以及在历史环境既有项目更新中的作用。在信息收集的过程中充分发现场地、空间、运营中的问题,使得更新项目能够更好地契合历史氛围,为使用者提供舒适的环境。从环境行为研究角度,有助于建筑师更好地处理历史校园更新信息,得出设计需求。
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81703028and Hubei Cancer Hospital,No.20162017B01
文摘BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are considered to be highly stable due to the closed structure, which are predominately correlated with the development and progression of a wide variety of cancers. Colon cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. A recent study demonstrated the upregulated expression of circPIP5K1A in non-small cell lung cancer. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between circ_0014130 level and colon cancer. Therefore, elucidating the underlying mechanisms of circPIP5K1A’s role may help with the identification of novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets for colon cancer. AIM To investigate the status of circPIP5K1A in colon cancers and its effects on the modulation of cancer development. METHODS The expression level of circPIP5K1A in tissue and serum samples from colon cancer patients, as well as human colonic cancer cell lines was detected by realtime quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Following the transfection of specifically synthesized small interfering RNA (siRNA) into colon cell lines, we used Hoechst staining assay to measure the ratio of cell death in the absence of circPIP5K1A. Moreover, we also used the Transwell assay to assess the migratory function of colon cells overexpressing circPIP5K1A. Additionally, we employed a series of bioinformatics prediction programs to predict the potential of circPIP5K1A-targeted miRNAs and mRNAs. The miR-1273a vector was constructed, and then transfected with or without circPIP5K1A vector into colon cancer cells. Afterwards, the expression of activator protein 1 (AP-1), interferon regulating factor 4 (IRF-4), caudal type homeobox 2 (CDX-2), and zinc finger of the cerebellum 1 (Zic-1) was detected by western blotting. RESULTS CircPIP5K1A was significantly upregulated in colon cancer tissue relative to their adjacent normal tissues. Knockdown of circPIP5K1A in colon cancer cells impaired cell viability and suppressed cell invasion and migration, while enforced expression of circPIP5K1A exhibited the opposite effects on cell migration. Bioinformatics prediction program predicted that the association of circPIP5K1A with miR-1273a, as well as AP-1, IRF-4, CDX-2, and Zic-1. Subsequent studies showed that overexpression of circPIP5K1A augmented the expression of AP-1 but attenuated the expression of IRF-4, CDX-2, and Zic-1. Reciprocally, overexpression of miR-1273a abrogated the oncogenic function of circPIP5K1A in colon cancers. CONCLUSION Overall, our data demonstrate the oncogenic role of circPIP5K1A-miR-1273a axis in regulation of colon cancer development, which provides a novel insights into colon cancer pathogenesis.
文摘Irradiation from diverse sources is ubiquitous and closely associated with human activities. Radiation therapy (RT), an important component of multiple radiation origins, is a common therapeutic modality for cancer. More importantly, RT provides significant contribution to oncotherapy by killing tumor cells. However, during the course of therapy, irradiation of normal tissues can result in a wide range of side effects, including self-limited acute toxicities, mild chronic symptoms, or severe organ dysfunction. Although numerous promising radioprotective agents have emerged, only a few have successfully entered the market because of various limitations. At present, the widely accepted hypothesis for protection against radiation-caused injury involves the Wnt canonical pathway. Activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway may protect the salivary gland, oral mucosa, and gastrointestinal epithelium from radiation damage. The underlying mechanisms include inhibiting apoptosis and preserving normal tissue functions. However, aberrant Wnt signaling underlies a wide range of pathologies in humans, and its various components contribute to cancer. Moreover, studies have suggested that Wnt/ β-catenin signaling may lead to radioresistance of cancer stem cell. These facts markedly complicate any definition of the exact function of the Wnt pathway.
文摘The number of wild animals un-der state protection in Tibet has been a topic for discussion among conser-vationists the world over.Many in-ternational organizations,academic groups and schools have participated in,or given financial help to,wldlife protection and research in Tibet.The American Wildlife Protection Asso-ciation,Japan's Intermational Center for Environmental Protection and Germany's Goettingen University have all sent researchers to Tibet to study the 8 animal kingdom In this fascinating corner of the globe.
