Relationship between age of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and mode of delivery and neonatal Apgar score

BACKGROUND Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)refers to abnormal glucose tolerance during pregnancy,and it is often accompanied by obvious changes in glucose and lipid metabolism,and associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes.The incidence of fetal distress,polyhydramnios,puerperal infection,premature delivery,and macrosomia in pregnant women with GDM are higher than in those without GDM.AIM To analyze the relationship between age of pregnant women with GDM and mode of delivery and neonatal Apgar score.METHODS A total of 583 pregnant women with GDM who delivered in the Department of Obstetrics at our hospital between March 2019 and March 2022 were selected.Among them,377 aged<35 years were selected as the right age group and 206 aged>35 years were selected as the older group.The clinical data of the two groups were collected,and the relationship between age of the pregnant women with GDM and mode of delivery,maternal and neonatal outcomes,and neonatal Apgar score were compared.In the older group,159 women were classed as the adverse outcome group and 47 as the good outcome group according to whether they had adverse maternal and infant outcomes.The related factors of adverse maternal and infant outcomes were analyzed through logistic regression.RESULTS The number of women with assisted pregnancy,≤37 wk gestation,≥2 pregnancies,one or more deliveries,and no pre-pregnancy blood glucose screening in the older group were all higher than those in the right age group(P<0.05).The natural delivery rate in the right age group was 40.85%,which was higher than 22.33%in the older group(P<0.05).The cesarean section rate in the older group was 77.67%,which was higher than 59.15%in the right age group(P<0.05).The older group had a higher incidence of polyhydramnios and postpartum hemorrhage,and lower incidence of fetal distress than the right age group had(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in neonatal weight between the two groups(P>0.05).The right age group had higher Apgar scores at 1 and 5 min than the older group had(P<0.05).Significant differences existed between the poor and good outcome groups in age,education level,pregnancy mode,≤37 wk gestation,number of pregnancies,and premature rupture of membranes(P<0.05).Logistic regression showed that age,education level and premature rupture of membranes were all risk factors affecting the adverse outcomes of mothers and infants(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Delivery mode and Apgar score of pregnant women with GDM are related to age.Older age increases the adverse outcome of mothers and infants.

Bifurcation control of solid angle car-following model through a time-delay feedback method

In order to alleviate unstable factor-caused bifurcation and reduce oscillations in traffic flow,a feedback control with consideration of time delay is designed for the solid angle model(SAM).The stability and bifurcation condition of the new SAM is derived through linear analysis and bifurcation analysis,and then accurate range of stable region is obtained.In order to explore the mechanism of the influence of multiple parameter combinations on the stability of controlled systems,a definite integral stabilization method is provided to determine the stable interval of time delay and feedback gain.Numerical simulations are explored to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed model,which also demonstrate that feedback gain and delay are two key factors to alleviate traffic congestion in the SAM.

Molecular deconvolution of the neutralizing antibodies in duced by an in activated SARS-CoV-2 virus vaccine

Dear Editor,The rapid emerge nee and persistence of the pan demic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)has had enormous impacts on global health and the economy.Effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are urgently needed to control the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,and multiple vaccines have been found to be efficacious in preventing symptomatic COVID-19(Polack et al.,2020;Wu et al.,2020;Jones and Roy,2021).