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Burn-Up Measurements on Dissolver Solution of Mixed Oxide Fuel Using HPLC-Mass Spectrometric Method 被引量:2
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作者 S. Bera r. balasubramanian +7 位作者 Arpita Datta r. Sajimol S. Nalini T. S. Lakshmi Narasimhan M. P. Antony N. Sivaraman K. Nagarajan P. r. Vasudeva rao 《International Journal of Analytical Mass Spectrometry and Chromatography》 2013年第1期55-60,共6页
Burn-up measurement on an irradiated mixed oxide (MOX) test fuel pellet was carried out through measurements on the dissolver solution by HPLC-Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometric (TIMS) technique. The studies carrie... Burn-up measurement on an irradiated mixed oxide (MOX) test fuel pellet was carried out through measurements on the dissolver solution by HPLC-Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometric (TIMS) technique. The studies carried out using HPLC as well as TIMS for quantification of burn-up value are described. While in one case, both the separation and determination of elements of interest (U, Pu and Nd) were carried out by HPLC;in another case, TIMS technique was used to quantify them from the HPLC separated fractions.The rapid separation procedures developed in our laboratory earlier were employed to isolate pure fractions of the desired elements. The individual lanthanide fission products (La to Eu) were separated from each other using dynamic ion-exchange chromatographic technique whereas uranium and plutonium were separated from each other using reversed phase chromatographic technique. The pure fractions of U, Pu and Nd obtained after HPLC separation procedure for “spiked” and “unspiked” dissolver solutions were used in TIMS measurements for the first time in our laboratory. In TIMS analysis, isotopic abundances of uranium, plutonium and neodymium fractions obtained from HPLC separation procedure on an “unspiked” fuel sample were measured. For the determination of U, Pu and Nd by isotopic dilution mass spectrometric technique (IDMS), known quantities of tracers enriched in 238U, 240Pu and 142Nd were added to the pre-weighed dissolver solution and subjected to HPLC separation procedures. The isotope ratios viz. 142Nd/(145Nd +146Nd), 238U/233U and 240Pu/239Pu in the pertinent “spiked” fractions were subsequently measured by TIMS. The spikes were pre-standardized in our laboratory employing reverse isotopic dilution technique against the standard solutions available in our laboratory (for 238U, 239Pu and 142Nd, standard solutions of 233U, 239Pu (of higher abundance than in the sample) and 150Nd were employed as spikes). The burn-up values from duplicate spiking experiments were computed based on the summation of 145Nd + 146Nd. The concentrations of neodymium, uranium and plutonium were also measured using HPLC with post-column derivatisation technique using aresenazo(III) as the post-column reagent. The atom % burn-up computed from HPLC and TIMS techniques were in good agreement. 展开更多
关键词 MOX Dissolver SOLUTION HPLC TIMS Uranium PLUTONIUM NEODYMIUM
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结核病的性别差异:南印度某农村地区DOTS项目报告 被引量:4
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作者 r. balasubramanian r. Garg +13 位作者 T. Santha P. G. Gopi r. Subramani V. Chandrasekaran A. Thomas r. rajeswari S. Anandakrishnan M. Perumal C. Niruparani G. Sudha K. Jaggarajamma T. r. Frieden P. r. Narayanan 刘小秋 《结核与肺部疾病杂志》 2004年第4期131-139,共9页
背景:南印度 Tiruvallur 地区。目的:了解 14 岁以上成年人在结核感染和患病、就医途径、就医行为、诊断延误、接受 DOT的方便程度、疾病歧视以及治疗依从性等方面的性别差异。方法:相关数据主要来自:1)社区调查,2)在公立初级保健卫生机... 背景:南印度 Tiruvallur 地区。目的:了解 14 岁以上成年人在结核感染和患病、就医途径、就医行为、诊断延误、接受 DOT的方便程度、疾病歧视以及治疗依从性等方面的性别差异。方法:相关数据主要来自:1)社区调查,2)在公立初级保健卫生机构(PHIS)主动就医的病人,3)转诊到 PHIS 进行痰涂片检查的可疑结核病人;4)DOTS 策略下的登记报告结核病人。并将社区调查结果与 PHIS 登记病人进行比较。结果:社区人群中 66%的男性和 57%的女性感染了结核菌;男性和女性的涂阳肺结核患病率分别为568/10 万和87/10 万。在 PHIS 就医的男性少于女性,男女之比为 68:100。女性占社区调查发现涂阳病人的 13%;占 PHIS 发现病人的 20%(P<0.05)。随着年龄的增长,男性和女性的登记率显著降低。女性感觉难于与家人讨论自己病情的比例要高于男性(21%∶14%),也更需要有人陪伴去接受 DOT(11%∶6%)。男性的治疗中断率比女性高 1 倍(19%∶8%;P<0.01)。结论:尽管女性发病后更容易遭受歧视和不便,但女性更易于利用医疗服务、接受 DOTS 策略登记以及依从治疗。而男性以及高龄病人在诊断和 DOT服务方面更需要帮助。 展开更多
关键词 男性 女性 病人 结核病 诊断 DOTS策略 治疗 就医 农村地区 结核感染
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