Aminopeptidase Play a Critical Role in the Accumulation of Free Amino Acids in Abalone(Haliotis discus hannai)During Cold Storage

Abalones reveal unique taste after processing,mainly because of their abundant free amino acids(FAAs)and nucleotides.FAAs are nutrition components that can contribute to the unique taste.However,which factor(s)is responsible for the accumulation of FAAs still need further studies.To analyze the production of FAAs,we studied the variation of FAAs during 7 days of storage at 4℃.The content of taste-active amino acids,including Asp,Glu,Ser,and Gly increased by 1.7-fold,2.0-fold,3.0-fold,and 8.4-fold,respectively.The relative activity of cathepsin L and aminopeptidase(AP)increased significantly during the cold storage period.To identify AP in abalone and its function in mediating the production of FAAs,an aminopeptidase with wide substrate specificity was then extracted and purified from abalone muscle to homogeneity.Purified AP with a molecular mass of 100 kDa exhibited its maximum activity at 30℃,pH 7.5,and was further confirmed by LC-MS.Bestatin specifically inhibited the activity of AP,and metalloproteinase inhibitors EDTA,EGTA and 1,10-phenanthroline also suppressed its activity to different degrees.Based on its highest activity to substrate Leu-MCA and its peptide sequences,the purified enzyme was identified as leucine aminopeptidase(LAP).Our present study indicated the essential role of AP for FAAs accumulation during cold storage of abalone.

虾夷扇贝肌肉丝氨酸蛋白酶的研究

为了探究虾夷扇贝肌肉冷藏过程中内源蛋白酶对其质构的影响,本文对虾夷扇贝肌肉在4℃下冷藏7 d过程中肌肉质构及蛋白变化进行测定,结果表明,整个冷藏过程中扇贝肌肉硬度、弹性、咀嚼性和粘性整体呈下降趋势。SDS-PAGE分析显示肌肉蛋白在第3 d开始出现明显降解。在内源酶活力方面,丝氨酸蛋白酶(Serine proteinase,SP)活力在冷藏2 d后开始急剧下降。通过硫酸铵盐析、离子交换、凝胶过滤和疏水柱层析等从虾夷扇贝肌肉中获得高度纯化的丝氨酸蛋白酶并对其酶学性质进行研究。SDS-PAGE和明胶酶谱结果表明,SP在天然状态下主要以分子量约为52 kDa的二聚体形式存在。SP的最适pH为9.0,最适温度为37℃。SP特异性水解羧基侧P1位含有精氨酸或赖氨酸残基的底物。丝氨酸蛋白酶特异性抑制剂PMSF、Leupeptin、Pefabloc SC、Benzamidine分别能抑制其97%、98%、90%和85%的酶活力;金属离子Fe、Zn、Cu也能明显抑制SP的酶活力。37℃下SP可有效降解扇贝肌原纤维蛋白,为揭示SP对扇贝肌肉蛋白的品质影响提供参考。

浅谈中职物理课程在机电专业教学中的作用及结合策略

物理课程是中职机械建筑类、电工电子类及化工农医等专业的一门重要的公共基础课程。中职物理课程具有一定的覆盖面与代表性。中职物理课程与不同专业教学之间的融合,有助于学生的专业学习和综合职业能力培养。本文主要以机电专业为例,对中职物理课程在机电专业教学中的作用和结合策略进行了分析。