促胃泌素释放肽前体对小细胞肺癌的诊断价值

目的:探讨促胃泌素释放肽前体(ProGRPp)对小细胞肺癌(SCLC)的诊断价值。方法:检测4 251名初治原发肺癌患者外周血ProGRPp、神经元特异性烯醇酶(NSE)、鳞状细胞癌抗原(SCC)、细胞角蛋白19片段(CYFRA21-1)、癌胚抗原(CEA)、糖类抗原199(CA-199)水平,运用受试者工作曲线(ROC)对检测结果进行临床评价。结果:ProGRPp和NSE诊断SCLC灵敏度分别为86.1%、80.2%,特异度分别为96.6%、84.8%。并且在Ⅰ~Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ期肺癌中ProGRPp诊断SCLC的临界值分别为56、72、99 ng/L,灵敏度分别为95.7%、84.6%、85.7%,特异度分别为93.0%、97.1%、98.5%。在Ⅰ~Ⅱ期肺癌患者中联合ProGRPp与CYFRA21-1/ProGRPp、CYFRA21-1/NSE未进一步提高灵敏度、特异度,而在Ⅲ、Ⅳ期,联合CYFRA21-1/NSE诊断SCLC灵敏度分别提高到93.8%、97.0%,在Ⅳ期联合CYFRA21-1/ProGRPp诊断SCLC特异度提高到99.0%。结论:ProGRPp诊断SCLC具有较高的灵敏度及特异度,建议不同分期采用不同的临界值,另外联合CYFRA21-1/ProGRPp、CYFRA21-1/NSE能进一步增强对肺癌病理类型鉴别的作用。

Up-regulation of the expression of S100A8 and S100A9 in lung adenocarcinoma and its correlation with inflammation and other clinical features

Background S100A8 and S100A9 are two members of the S100 protein family characterized by the presence of two Ca2＋-binding sites of the EF-hand type.Previous studies suggested that the whole S100 family displays significant functions in tumor growth, progression and invasion.This study aimed to determine the expression of the two indices of the family, S100A8 and S100A9, in lung cancer tissues and normal lung tissues and its correlation with clinical features.Methods A total of 60 cases with a variety of clinical data that were diagnosed with different histological subtypes of lung cancer were investigated.Semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR （Sq-Rt-PCR） and immunohistochemical staining of cancer, adjacent and peripheral lung tissues were executed to distinguish the expression patterns of S100A8and S100A9 and to further clarify their correlation with clinical features.Results Immunohistochemical staining of both proteins showed a significant up-regulation in lung cancer tissue （S100A8, S100A9, P〈0.0001）, and PCR revealed that the levels of S100A8 and S100A9 expression were significantly higher in lung cancer tissues （S100A8 P=0.002/0.004; S100A9 P=0.022/0.026）.The higher expression was found to be correlated with the clinical characteristics of adenocarcinoma, inflammation and stage Ⅳ lesion.Conclusions S100A8, S100A9 up-regulation was found in the lung adenocarcinoma and end stage lung cancer tissue,the correlation of which with their higher expression in inflammatory lung tissues may indicate the collaborative effect of inflammation on the progression of cancer.

Progression of solitary and multifocal papillary thyroid carcinoma- a retrospective study of 368 patients

Background Papillary thyroid carcinoma （PTC） represents one of the most frequent endocrine malignancies. Several factors have been found to be involved in determining the outcome of treatment for patients with PTC. Large tumor size, diagnosis at an early age, extra-thyroidal invasion, aggressive histological variants, and distant metastases are the most important determinants of a poor outcome. BRAF^V600E mutation has been found to be a major genetic alteration in PTC. This study aimed to evaluate progression in patients with multifocal and solitary PTC. Methods We performed a retrospective study to analyze 368 patients with PTC who underwent surgery, including 282 patients with solitary PTC and 86 patients with multifocal PTC. The status ofBRAF^V600E mutation in all tumor foci from multifocal PTC was detected. Results Our study suggested that multifocal PTC was more related to lymph node metastasis and vascular invasion than solitary PTC. However, the distant metastasis rate and 10-year survival rate showed no difference between these two groups. The number of tumor loci did not affect progression of disease in multifocal PTC patients. Lymph node metastasis in multifocal PTC patients was associated with larger tumors, diagnosis at early stage, and extra-thyroidal invasion. Conclusion The status of BRAF^V600Emutation was more frequent in multifocal PTC patients with lymph node metastasis and diagnosis at later age.