Population dynamics and habitat use of the Black-necked Crane (Grus nigricollis) in the Yarlung Tsangpo River basin, Tibet, China

Background:The Black-necked Crane (Grus nigricollis)is an internationally threatened crane living on the plateau, mainly in winter, in the Yarlung Tsangpo River basin in Tibet,western China. In the past five years,some economic development projects have been conducted in this area,posing potential threats to the wintering populations of the cranes and their habitats. Therefore, the current population dynamics of wintering Black-necked Cranes and habitat suitability in the Yarlung Tsangpo River basin were investigated. Methods: Twenty counties were surveyed using the line transect method in December 2017 and January 2018, and we recorded the location,flock size,number of individuals,habitat types and presence of human disturbance in which they occurred.We compared the results from the middle wintering period in this survey with those from 2014. Results: The highest number of cranes recorded was 8291,and the results showed that the cranes were mainly distributed in Lhaze, Namling, Samzhubze, and Lhunzub.A total of 577 and 495 flocks were recorded in the early and middle wintering periods, respectively. In the early wintering period,there were signi ficant differences in the number of individuals across the di fferent habitats,with crop stubble land and plowed land representing more than 30% of the total habitat utilization.In the middle wintering period, there were also signi ficant differences in the number of individuals, and the utilization of crop stubble land represented over 60% of the total. Conclusions: Wintering Black-necked Cranes mainly fed on spilled grains in stubble habitat after harvest. In the middle wintering period, some of the farmlands were plowed and irrigated,which resulted in food shortages in these areas,and the cranes tended to gather in mixed flocks of large size instead of as a single family.There were still considerable regional wintering populations decreases in Quxu,Nedong,and Sakya in 2018 compared with 2014,and these decreases were mainly due to some recently emerging threats,including farmlands being converted into areas of greenhouse cultivation,highway and railway construction, river dredging,the rapid development of the manufacturing and mining industries,and the lack of protection of important wintering sites.

Analyzing the effective compounds, potential targets and diseases of Jianpi Jiedu recipe based on network pharmacology and function validation of cytobiology

Objective: To analyze the active compounds, potential drug targets and therapy diseases of Jianpi Jiedu Recipe (JPJDR) based on network pharmacology and bioinformatics technology, and verify the biological function of some active compounds by cytology experiments. Methods: The online databases including TCMSP, TCMID, Cancer HSP, TCM-PTD, TCM Database@Taiwan and DrugBank were applied to screen the active compounds and the potential drug targets of JPJDR. Cytoscape 3.3 software was executed to construct the network between active compounds and drug targets. DAVID database was used to probe the effective diseases and analyze the involved KEGG pathways according to the predicted targets corresponding to JPJDR. Results: According to the rules of oral bioavailability (OB)>30% and drug-likeness (DL)>0.18, 58 of 513 effective compounds in JPJDR were screened out, as well as the corresponding 437 potential drug targets. By the analysis of DAVID database, all these key targets were associated closely with the occurrence and development of metabolic disorders and cancers, and all the targets were closely correlated with the pathways in cancer. Further analysis demonstrated that, there were a lot of effective compounds in JPJDR, such as Quercetin, Formononetin, Stigmasterol, Diosgenin,β-sitsterol, Oxymatrine, Kaempferol, Isorhamnetin and Ampelopsis. The results of cell proliferation experiments further showed that, among the selected nine key traditional Chinese medicine compounds, only Ampelopsis can dose-dependently inhibit the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells. Conclusions: Through network pharmacology analysis, we found that JPJDR contains many effective compounds which may directly target to the cancer-related proteins. 9 compounds were the major active compounds with high degrees of targets. Among the 9 screened compounds, Ampelopsis was validated for its inhibitory effect on the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells using CCK-8 assay. Network pharmacology is an effective approach to explore the functional mechanism of formula.

Migration routes of the endangered Oriental Stork(Ciconia boyciana)from Xingkai Lake,China,and their repeatability as revealed by GPS tracking

The Oriental Stork(Ciconia boyciana)is listed as'Endangered'on the International Union for the Conservation of Nature(IUCN)Red List of Threatened Species and is classified as a first category nationally protected bird species in China.Understanding this species'seasonal movements and migration will facilitate effective conservation to promote its population.We tagged 27 Oriental Stork nestlings at Xingkai Lake on the Sanjiang Plain in Heilongjiang Province,China,used GPS tracking to follow them over the periods of 2014-2017 and 2019-2022,and confirmed their detailed migratory routes using the spatial analysis function of ArcGIS 10.7.We discovered four migration routes during autumn migration:one common long-distance migration route in which the storks migrated along the coastline of Bohai Bay to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River for wintering,one short-distance migration route in which the storks wintered in Bohai Bay and two other migration routes in which the storks crossed the Bohai Strait around the Yellow River and wintered in South Korea.There were no significant differences in the number of migration days,residence days,migration distances,number of stopovers and average number of days spent at stopover sites between the autumn and spring migrations(P>0.05).However,the storks migrated significantly faster in spring than in autumn(P=0.03).The same individuals did not exhibit a high degree of repetition in their migration timing and route selection in either autumn or spring migration.Even storks from the same nest exhibited considerable between-individual variation in their migration routes.Some important stopover sites were identified,especially in the Bohai Rim Region and on the Songnen Plain,and we further explored the current conservation status at these two important sites.Overall,our results contribute to the understanding of the annual migration,dispersal and protection status of the endangered Oriental Stork and provide a scientific basis for conservation decisions and the development of action plans for this species.

PhaseⅠdose-escalation and expansion study of PARP inhibitor,fluzoparib(SHR3162),in patients with advanced solid tumors

Objective:Fluzoparib(SHR3162)is a novel,potent poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases(PARP)1,2 inhibitor that showed anti-tumor activity in xenograft models.We conducted a phaseⅠ,first-in-human,dose-escalation and expansion(D-Esc and D-Ex)trial in patients with advanced solid cancer.Methods:This was a 3+3 phaseⅠD-Esc trial with a 3-level D-Ex at 5 hospitals in China.Eligible patients for DEsc had advanced solid tumors refractory to standard therapies,and D-Ex enrolled patients with ovarian cancer(OC).Fluzoparib was administered orally once or twice daily(bid)at 11 dose levels from 10 to 400 mg/d.Endpoints included dose-finding,safety,pharmacokinetics,and antitumor activity.Results:Seventy-nine patients were enrolled from March,2015 to January,2018[OC(47,59.5%);breast cancer(BC)(16,20.3%);colorectal cancer(8,10.1%),other tumors(8,10.1%)];48 patients were treated in the D-Esc arm and 31 in the D-Ex arm.The maximum tolerated dose(MTD)was 150 mg bid,with a half-life of 9.14 h.Grade 3/4 adverse events included anemia(7.6%)and neutropenia(5.1%).The objective response rate(ORR)was 30%(3/10)in patients with platinum-sensitive OC and 7.7%(1/13)in patients with BC.Among patients treated with fluzoparib≥120 mg/d,median progression-free survival(m PFS)was 7.2[95%confidence interval(95%CI),1.8-9.3]months in OC,9.3(95%CI,7.2-9.3)months in platinum-sensitive OC,and 3.5(range,2.0-28.0)months in BC.In patients with germline BC susceptibility gene mutation(g BRCAMut)(11/43 OC;2/16 BC),m PFS was 8.9 months for OC(range,1.0-23.2;95%CI,1.0-16.8)and 14 and 28 months for BC(those two patients both also had somatic BRCAMut).Conclusions:The MTD of fluzoparib was 150 mg bid in advanced solid malignancies.Fluzoparib demonstrated single-agent antitumor activity in BC and OC,particularly in BRCAMut and platinum-sensitive OC.

Autumn migration routes of fledgling Chinese Egrets(Egretta eulophotes)in Northeast China and their implications for conservation

The Chinese Egret(Egretta eulophotes)is a globally threatened bird species living on the coast and islands of Liaoning,northeastern China,mainly in summer.To further protect the breeding population of Chinese Egrets,it is important to understand the current protection status of their distribution sites at pre-migration period and migration routes.Thirty-three individuals were tagged with satellite transmitters at Fantuo Island in Changhai and Xingren Island in Zhuanghe,Liaoning Province,northeastern China,in July of 2016,2017,and 2018,to identify important distribution sites during the pre-migration period,as well as detailed migration routes.The results showed that coastal mudflats in Liaoning and the west coast of North Korea were important feeding and roosting sites for fledgling Chinese Egrets from August to September.The home range sizes in August were significantly larger than in September.The eastern coast from Shandong to Guangdong,as well as Taiwan,China,and Manila Bay and Galileo Islands in the Philippines,were important stopover sites during fall migration.Specifically,we found that the egrets’autumn migration could be divided into four routes,i.e.,sea-crossing migration(SCM),coastal migration(CM),inland migration(IM),and mixed migration(MM).The migration distance,timing,speed,and straightness of the four routes also differed.The SCM routes were the straightest,and had the fastest migration speed and shortest travel time,while the IM routes had the lowest straightness and speed,and the longest duration.Manila Bay and Bohol Island in the Philippines,the west coast of Tanintharyi in Myanmar,and the Zengwun River Estuary in Taiwan,China,were wintering sites.Our findings on the key distribution sites along pre-migration and fall migration routes,including some stopover sites,have important implications for the conservation of and global action plan development for the vulnerable Chinese Egret.

Effective ingredients, potential targets and mechanism in cancers treatment of Bushen Jiedu Sanjie recipe

Objective: To analyze the active compounds, potential drug targets and corresponding therapy cancer of Bushen Jiedu Sanjie Recipe (BSJDSJR) based on network pharmacology and bioinformatics technology. Methods: The network databases including Cancer HSP, TCMSP, TCMID, TCM-PTD, TCM Database@Taiwan and DrugBank were applied to screen the active compounds, potential drug targets and corresponding cancers of BSJDSJR. Cytoscape3.3 software was used to construct the network between active compounds of Chinese medicine and the corresponding targets. Then, the enrichment of biological processes and KEGG pathways of BSJDSJR were analyzed using DAVID database. Results: According to Oral bioavailability (OB)≥30% and drug like index (DL)≥0.18, 129 active compounds in BSJDSJR were screened out and they targeted to 301 proteins. These targets were closely associated with the occurrence of various cancers, such as bladder cancer, pancreatic cancer, non-small cell lung cancer and colorectal cancer. Further investigation showed that, there were lots of active compounds in BSJDSJR are closely connected with the COX-2/β-catenin signaling pathway, STAT3 signaling pathway and MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. Conclusions: Based on the network pharmacology, the study disclosed the active chemical compounds, potential targets and possible action cancers of BSJDSJR.

Patchouli alcohol induces autophagy in human lung adenocarcinoma cells A549 via increasing ratio of LC3 protein II/I and down-regulating p62

Objective:To study the patchouli alcohol(PA)-induced autophagy and proliferation inhibition of lung cancer A549 cells.Methods:the effects of PA at different concentrations on the proliferation and autophagy of A549 cells were detected by Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8)and electron microscopy,respectively.The A549 cells overexpressing LC3 gene were constructed by double luciferase lentiviral vector,and were treated with PA at half-inhibitory concentration(IC50)for 24 hours.Fluorescence microscopy was used to observe the fluorescence accumulation in cells.Western blot was used to detect the ratio of LC3 proteinⅡ/Ⅰ.Results:IC50 of PA on A549 cells for 24 h was 300μM.Treatment with 150μM and 300μM of PA for 24 h induced a cytoplasmic autophagic vesicle-like structure appearance in the cytoplasm of A549 cells,and the encapsulated cytoplasmic components were observed in those vesicles.150μM and 300μM of PA also elicited LC3 fluorescent protein accumulation(P<0.05).With the increased concentrations of PA,the ratios of LC3 proteinⅡ/Ⅰwere elevated(P<0.05),and the expressions of autophagy-related protein p62 were decreased gradually(P<0.05).Conclusion:PA can induce autophagy of lung cancer cells A549 by up-regulating the ratio of LC3 proteinⅡ/Ⅰand down-regulating p62 expression,which eventually inhibited the proliferation of lung cancer cells.

Impact of antagonist peptides and chelators on the diagnostic performance of PET/CT using gallium-68-labeled somatostatin receptor antagonists

Objective: Different SSTR2 antagonists have been developed. This study aims to evaluate the impact of different peptides and chelators on the diagnostic performance of SSTR2 antagonists in well-differentiated NETs.Methods: In this prospective study, participants were equally randomized into 2 arms: arm A, participants would undergo a whole-body^(68)Ga-NODAGA-LM3 PET/CT scan on the first day and^(68)Ga-DOTA-LM3 PET/CT scan on the second day;arm B, participants would undergo a whole-body^(68)Ga-NODAGA-LM3 PET/CT scan on the first day and^(68)Ga-NODAGA-JR11 PET/CT scan on the second day. Biodistribution in normal organs, lesion detection ability, and tumor uptakes were compared within each arm.Results: A total of 40 participants (age, 49.5 ± 13.4, 21 men), 20 in each arm, were recruited in the study. In arm A,^(68)Ga-DOTA-LM3 showed lower background. However, the lesion detection ability (overall lesion detected, 445 vs 548;P = .005) and the lesion uptake (overall lesions SUVmax, 19.8 ± 17.2 vs 35.3 ± 28.8;P < .001) was significantly lower than those of^(68)Ga-NODAGA-LM3. In arm B, both^(68)Ga-NODAGA-LM3 and^(68)Ga-NODAGA-JR11 showed similar biodistribution and lesion uptake (SUVmax, 28.5 ± 23.8 vs 25.0 ± 20.0;P < .001) despite minor differences. The lesion detection ability was the same between these 2 tracers (overall lesion detected, 503 vs 503).Conclusions: The diagnostic performance of SSTR2 antagonists was sensitive to chelators. Both^(68)Ga-NODAGA-LM3 and^(68)Ga-NODAGA-JR11 outperformed^(68)Ga-DOTA-LM3 with higher lesion uptake and detection ability, of which^(68)Ga-NODAGA-LM3 had marginally but significantly higher lesion uptake.

“双碳”目标下推动能源技术区域综合示范的路径思考

在典型区域推动面向碳达峰、碳中和(以下简称“双碳”)目标的能源技术(以下简称“双碳”能源技术)综合示范是中国科学院支撑“双碳”目标行动计划的重要内容。文章从“技术集成示范”和“典型区域示范”2个特征论述了开展“双碳”能源技术区域综合示范的意义,并基于中国科学院能源领域已有研究布局,提出了适合中国科学院推进“双碳”能源技术综合示范的多能融合理念及其4条主线,分别为化石能源清洁高效利用与耦合替代、非化石能源多能互补与规模应用、工业低碳/零碳流程再造和数字化/智能化集成优化。最后,文章结合中国科学院大连化学物理研究所在陕北、辽宁和山东等区域开展以“多能融合”为特征的技术综合示范的工作,对典型区域推动“双碳”能源技术综合示范的背景、目标和技术路线进行了讨论,供科研工作者和决策者参考。

Toward a better understanding of microbiologically influenced corrosion caused by sulfate reducing bacteria

Sulfate reducing bacteria(SRB) are often the culprits of microbiologically influenced corrosion(MIC) in anoxic environments because sulfate is a ubiquitous oxidant. MIC of carbon steel caused by SRB is the most intensively investigated topic in MIC because of its practical importance. It is also because biogenic sulfides complicate mechanistic SRB MIC studies, making SRB MIC of carbon steel is a long-lasting topic that has generated considerable confusions. It is expedient to think that biogenic H_2S secreted by SRB acidifies the broth because it is an acid gas. However, this is not true because endogenous H_2S gets its H^+ from organic carbon oxidation and the fluid itself in the first place rather than an external source. Many people believe that biogenic H_2S is responsible for SRB MIC of carbon steel. However, in recent years,well designed mechanistic studies provided evidence that contradicts this misconception. Experimental data have shown that cathodic electron harvest by an SRB biofilm from elemental iron via extracellular electron transfer(EET) for energy production by SRB is the primary cause. It has been demonstrated that when a mature SRB biofilm is subjected to carbon source starvation, it switches to elemental iron as an electron source and becomes more corrosive. It is anticipated that manipulations of EET related genes will provide genetic-level evidence to support the biocathode theory in the future. This kind of new advances will likely lead to new gene probes or transcriptomics tools for detecting corrosive SRB strains that possess high EET capabilities.

Anaerobic microbiologically influenced corrosion mechanisms interpreted using bioenergetics and bioelectrochemistry： A review

Microbiologically influenced corrosion （MIC） is a major cause of corrosion damages, facility failures, and financial losses, making MIC an important research topic. Due to complex microbiological activities and a lack of deep understanding of the interactions between biofilms and metal surfaces, MIC occurrences and mechanisms are difficult to predict and interpret. Many theories and mechanisms have been pro- posed to explain MIC. In this review, the mechanisms of MIC are discussed using hioenergetics, microbial respiration types, and biofilm extracellular electron transfer （EET）. Two main MIC types, namely EET-MIC and metabolite MIC （M-ME）, are discussed. This brief review provides a state of the art insight into MIC mechanisms and it helps the diagnosis and prediction of occurrences of MIC under anaerobic conditions in the oil and gas industry.

Interactions of OsMADS1 with Floral Homeotic Genes in Rice Flower Development

During reproductive development, rice plants develop unique flower organs which determine the final grain yield. OsMADS1, one of SEPALLATA-like MADS-box genes, has been unraveled to play critical roles in rice floral organ identity specification and floral meristem determinacy. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying interactions of OsMADS1 with other floral homeotic genes in regulating flower development remains largely elusive. In this work, we studied the genetic interactions of OsMADS1 with B-, C-, and D-class genes along with physical interactions among their proteins. We show that the physical and genetic interactions between OsMADS1 and OsMADS3 are essential for floral meristem activity maintenance and organ identity specification; while OsMADS1 physically and genetically interacts with OsMADS58 in regu- lating floral meristem determinacy and suppressing spikelet meristem reversion. We provided important genetic evidence to support the neofunctionalization of two rice C-class genes （OsMADS3 and OsMADS58） during flower development. Gene expression profiling and quantitative RT-PCR analyses further revealed that OsMADS1 affects the expression of many genes involved in floral identity and hormone signaling, and chromatin immunoprecipitation （ChlP）-PCR assay further demonstrated that OsMADS17 is a direct target gene of OsMADS1. Taken together, these results reveal that OsMADS1 has diversified regulatory functions in specifying rice floral organ and meristem identity, probably through its genetic and physical interactions with different floral homeotic regulators.

Effects of d-Phenylalanine as a biocide enhancer of THPS against the microbiologically influenced corrosion of C1018 carbon steel

Microbiologically influenced corrosion(MIC) is caused by biofilms such as those of sulfate reducing bacteria(SRB). To mitigate MIC, biocide treatment is often needed. Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl) phosphonium sulfate(THPS) is an environmentally friendly biocide that is often used in the oil and gas industry. However, its prolonged use leads to biocide resistance, leading to dosage escalation. A biocide enhancer can be used to slow down the trend. In recent years, d-amino acids have been investigated as an enhancer for THPS and other biocides. Published works used anaerobic vials and flow devices, which could not reveal the real-time changes of the biocide treatment on corrosion. In this work, it was proven that the biocide enhancement effects of d-Phenylalanine(d-Phe) on THPS against the Desulfovibrio vulgaris biofilm on C1018 carbon steels could be assessed in real time using linear polarization resistance and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to collaborate sessile cell count, weight loss and pitting depth data. The results showed that 500 ppm(w/w) d-Phe effectively enhanced 80 ppm THPS against MIC by the D. vulgaris(a corrosive SRB) biofilm. The sessile cell count and pit depth were all reduced with the enhancement of d-Phe.

Characterization and adsorption behavior of a novel triolein-embedded activated carbon composite adsorbent

A novel triolein-embedded activated carbon composite adsorbent was developed. Experiments were car-ried out in areas such as the preparation method, the char-acterization of physicochemical properties, and the adsorp-tion behavior of the composite adsorbent in removing diel-drin from aqueous solution. Results suggested that the novel composite adsorbent was composed of the supporting acti-vated carbon and the surrounding triolein-embedded cellu-lose acetate membrane. The adsorbent was stable in water, for no triolein leakage was detected after soaking the ad-sorbent for five weeks. The adsorbent had good adsorption capability to dieldrin, which was indicated by a residual di-eldrin concentration of 0.204 μg·L?1. The removal efficiency of the composite adsorbent was higher than the traditional activated carbon adsorbent.

Effects of mild moxibustion on intestinal microbiome and NLRP3 inflammasome in rats with 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis

Objective:The present study investigated how mild moxibustion treatment affects the intestinal Microbiome and expression of NLRP3-related immune factors in a rat model of intestinal mucositis(IM)induced with 5-fluorouracil(5-Fu).Methods:Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control,chemotherapy,moxibustion and probiotics groups.The IM rat model was established by intraperitoneal injection of 5-Fu.Mild moxibustion treatment and intragastric probiotic administration were provided once daily for 15 days.Tissue morphology,serum levels of inflammatory factors and the expression levels of tight junction proteins,caspase-1,gasdermin D and NLRP3 were evaluated in colon tissue,through hematoxylin and eosin staining,electron microscopy,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,Western blotting,quantitative realtime reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence.Gut microbiome profiling was conducted through 16 S rRNA amplicon sequencing.Results:Moxibustion and probiotic treatments significantly increased the expression levels of tight junction proteins,reduced cell apoptosis and the expression levels of caspase-1,gasdermin D and NLRP3;they also decreased the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin(IL)-6,IL-1βand IL-18,while increasing serum levels of IL-10.Moxibustion and probiotic treatments also corrected the reduction inα-diversity andβ-diversity in IM rats,greatly increased the proportion of the dominant bacterial genus Lactobacillus and reduced the abundance of the genera Roseburia and Escherichia in chemotherapytreated rats to levels observed in healthy animals.We also found that these dominant genera were firmly correlated with the regulation of pyroptosis-associated proteins and inflammatory factors.Finally,moxibustion and probiotic treatments elicited similar effects in regulating intestinal host-microbial homeostasis and the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome-related factors.Conclusion:Moxibustion exerts its therapeutic effect on IM by ameliorating mucosal damage and reducing inflammation.Moreover,moxibustion modulates the gut microbiota,likely via decreasing the expression levels of the NLRP3 inflammasome.

膝关节骨性关节炎患者血清IL-1β、TNF-α表达及其与术后疼痛指标的关系

目的探讨膝关节骨性关节炎(KOA)患者血清白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)表达与其术后疼痛指标的关系。方法抽取2019年8月至2021年8月晋城市人民医院收治的KOA患者56例设为观察组,均行关节镜手术治疗,依据膝骨性关节炎严重性指数分为中度严重组(14例)、严重组(15例)、非常严重组(18例)、极严重组(9例)。将同期体检的25例健康体检者设为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附法测定全部受试者的血清IL-1β、TNF-α水平,同时以Pearson相关性分析探讨上述血清指标表达与术后疼痛指标[视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分]的关系。结果极严重组血清IL-1β、TNF-α表达[(25.77±3.21)、(23.62±4.15)pg/ml]均高于非常严重组[(18.64±2.36)、(20.48±3.64)pg/ml]、严重组[(13.78±1.74)、(17.69±3.15)]、中度严重组[(11.26±1.59)、(13.79±2.74)pg/ml]、对照组[(9.45±1.23)、(10.21±2.05)pg/ml],P<0.05。Pearson结果显示,KOA患者术后血清IL-1β、TNF-α表达与术后VAS评分呈正相关(r=0.43、0.58,P=0.003、0.001)。结论KOA患者血清IL-1β、TNF-α表达随着病情严重程度增加而升高,且IL-1β、TNF-α表达越高者术后疼痛程度越重,临床应予以重视,及时明晰患者病情,制定更具针对性的治疗方案,以有效减轻术后疼痛。

Peptidomimetic-based antibody surrogate for HER2

Inhibition of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 mediated cell signaling pathway is an important therapeutic strategy for HER2-positive cancers.Although monoclonal antibodies are currently used as marketed drugs,their large molecular weight,high cost of production and susceptibility to proteolysis could be a hurdle for long-term application.In this study,we reported a strategy for the development of artificial antibody based on y-AApeptides to target HER2 extracellular domain(ECD).To achieve this,we synthesized a one-bead-two-compound(OBTC)library containing 320,000 cyclic y-AApeptides,from which we identified a y-AApeptide,M-3-6,that tightly binds to HER2 selectively.Subsequently,we designed an antibody-like dimer of M-3-6,named M-3-6-D,which showed excellent binding affinity toward HER2 comparable to monoclonal antibodies.Intriguingly,M-3-6-D was completely resistant toward enzymatic degradation.In addition,it could effectively inhibit the phosphorylation of HER2,as well as the downstream signaling pathways of AKT and ERK.Furthermore,M-3-6-D also efficiently inhibited cell proliferation in vitro,and suppressed tumor growth in SKBR3 xenograft model in vivo,implying its therapeutic potential for the treatment of cancers.Its small molecular weight,antibody-like property,resistance to proteolysis,may enable it a new generation of artificial antibody surrogate.Furthermore,our strategy of artificial antibody surrogate based on dimers of cyclicγ-AApeptides could be applied to a myriad of disease-related receptor targets in future.

计算机导航下全膝关节置换术治疗膝关节骨关节炎的临床研究

目的探讨计算机导航下全膝关节置换术(TKA)治疗膝关节骨关节炎的临床效果。方法抽取2019年2月至2021年2月晋城市人民医院收治的86例膝关节骨关节炎患者,依据随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组43例。对照组患者接受常规髓内定位技术下TKA治疗,观察组患者接受计算机导航下TKA治疗。记录并比较两组术中出血量、手术时间;比较两组术前及术后3个月的膝关节活动度、膝关节功能[美国纽约特种外科医院(HSS)膝关节功能评分];记录并比较两组并发症发生情况。结果观察组手术时间[(60.86±3.54)min]短于对照组[(76.71±3.89)min],术中出血量[(116.47±8.49)ml]少于对照组[(147.16±10.57)ml],P<0.05;术后3个月,两组患者膝关节伸直度、屈曲度、HSS膝关节评分均高于术前,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05);术后两组并发症总发生率比较差异未见统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论计算机导航下TKA治疗膝关节骨关节炎,可减少术中出血量,缩短手术时间,改善膝关节活动度与膝关节功能。

后交叉韧带保留型假体与后交叉替代型假体在全膝关节置换术治疗中的早期效果研究

目的探讨后交叉韧带保留型(CR)假体与后交叉替代型(PS)假体在全膝关节置换术早期治疗中的应用。方法选取2019年5月至2020年5月晋城市人民医院骨科一病区收治的120例行全膝关节置换术的患者,男64例,女56例,年龄(63.33±3.16)岁,年龄范围为51~72岁,按照不同的假体类型分为CR组与PS组,对其临床资料采用回顾性分析。CR组65例,给予CR假体;PS组55例,给予PC假体。比较两组患者围术期指标,术前、术后1周及术后随访1年的膝关节活动度(ROM),最大屈曲角度,视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分,西安大略和麦克马斯特大学(WOMAC)评分及美国特种外科医院(HSS)评分,同时观察术后并发症发生率。结果CR组患者手术时间[(85.45±4.12)min]长于PS组[(78.33±3.26)min],术中出血量[(55.58±13.52)ml]低于PS组[(60.97±13.11)ml],术后引流量[(165.31±41.25)ml]低于PS组[(180.55±40.86)ml];术后1周、术后1年的ROM[(108.41±4.25)°、(109.44±4.23)°]大于PS组[(101.25±4.33)°、(105.41±4.98)°],术后1周、术后1年的最大屈曲角度[(109.35±3.87)°、(111.58±3.25)°]大于PS组[(103.60±3.80)°、(107.62±3.66)°];CR组患者术后1周、术后1年VAS评分[(3.60±1.84)分、(1.85±0.54)分]低于PS组[(5.61±1.75)分、(2.93±0.67)分],CR组患者术后并发症发生率[4.6%(3/65)]低于PS组[20.0%(11/55)],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论与PS假体相比,采用CR假体行全膝关节置换术可获得更好的围术期指标,改善膝关节活动度,术后并发症发生率较低,安全性较高,早期预后普遍较好,但其手术操作时间较长,对施术者的操作技能要求较高。

膝单髁置换术与全膝置换术治疗膝单间室骨性关节炎的效果比较

目的探讨膝单髁置换术(UKA)和全膝置换术(TKA)治疗膝单间室骨性关节炎的临床效果。方法选取2018年4月至2020年4月晋城市人民医院骨科收治的98例膝单间室骨性关节炎患者,男57例,女41例,年龄(65.33±2.59)岁,年龄范围为56~72岁。根据手术方法的不同将患者分为UKA组(n=51)与TKA组(n=47),比较两组患者围术期指标[手术时间、切口长度、术中出血量、术后1 d的视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、首次直腿抬高时间、术后住院时间],术后6、12个月最大屈膝角度,胫骨-胫骨角,纽约特种外科医院膝关节(HSS)评分,同时观察治疗期间并发症的发生情况。结果UKA组切口长度[(7.33±1.25)cm]短于TKA组[(12.35±1.18)cm],术中出血量[(120.56±3.47)ml]少于TKA组[(258.77±3.20)ml],术后1 d的VAS评分[(2.66±1.21)分]低于TKA组[(3.25±1.46)分],首次直腿抬高时间[(2.64±1.02)d]短于TKA组[(4.25±1.45)d],术后住院时间[(5.30±1.21)d]短于TKA组[(7.63±1.59)d],术后12个月,UKA组患者最大屈膝角度[(118.25±6.23)°]、胫骨-胫骨角[(180.69±4.11)°]及HSS评分[(92.58±6.13)分]均高于TKA组[(110.78±5.17)°、(177.65±3.98)°、(90.15±4.37)分],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论UKA及TKA用于治疗膝单间室骨性关节炎均可获得较好的效果,但UKA围术期表现及预后均优于TKA,且没有增加并发症发生率,安全性较高,值得在临床上推广应用。