Geographic Routing （GR） algorithms require nodes to periodically transmit HELLO messages to allow neighbors to know their positions （beaconing mechanism）. Beacon-less routing algorithms have recently been proposed...Geographic Routing （GR） algorithms require nodes to periodically transmit HELLO messages to allow neighbors to know their positions （beaconing mechanism）. Beacon-less routing algorithms have recently been proposed to reduce the control overheads due to these messages. However, existing beacon-less algorithms have not considered realistic physical layers. Therefore, those algorithms cannot work properly in realistic scenarios. In this paper we present a new beacon-less routing protocol called BOSS. Its design is based on the conclusions of our open-field experiments using Tmote-sky sensors. BOSS is adapted to error-prone networks and incorporates a new mechanism to reduce collisions and duplicate messages produced during the selection of the next forwarder node. We compare BOSS with Beacon-Less Routing （BLR） and Contention-Based Forwarding （CBF） algorithms through extensive simulations. The results show that our scheme is able to ache.eve almost perfect packet delivery ratio （like BLR） while having a low bandwidth consumption （even lower than CBF）. Additionally, we carried out an empirical evaluation in a real testbed that shows the correctness of our simulation results.展开更多
基金Spanish MEC under Grant No.TIN2005-07705-C02-02 and the"Ramony Cajal"work programme.
文摘Geographic Routing （GR） algorithms require nodes to periodically transmit HELLO messages to allow neighbors to know their positions （beaconing mechanism）. Beacon-less routing algorithms have recently been proposed to reduce the control overheads due to these messages. However, existing beacon-less algorithms have not considered realistic physical layers. Therefore, those algorithms cannot work properly in realistic scenarios. In this paper we present a new beacon-less routing protocol called BOSS. Its design is based on the conclusions of our open-field experiments using Tmote-sky sensors. BOSS is adapted to error-prone networks and incorporates a new mechanism to reduce collisions and duplicate messages produced during the selection of the next forwarder node. We compare BOSS with Beacon-Less Routing （BLR） and Contention-Based Forwarding （CBF） algorithms through extensive simulations. The results show that our scheme is able to ache.eve almost perfect packet delivery ratio （like BLR） while having a low bandwidth consumption （even lower than CBF）. Additionally, we carried out an empirical evaluation in a real testbed that shows the correctness of our simulation results.
