Over the last few years,there is huge scientific attention towards the research related to Extracellular Vesicles(EVs),because of their unique property of inter cellular communications and effective biological signifi...Over the last few years,there is huge scientific attention towards the research related to Extracellular Vesicles(EVs),because of their unique property of inter cellular communications and effective biological significance in diagnosis and therapy[1].Extracellular Vesicles are lipid bilayer membrane bound biological entity,which contains different bioactive compounds(cargoes)such as microRNAs(miRNAs),mRNAs,proteins,and lipids.Based on their origin and size,EVs have been categorized into three different types(a)Exosomes(40 nm-150 nm)are smallest EVs,which are synthesized by endocytic pathways in the cells and secreted in extracellular space through exocytosis process,(b)Microvesicles are secreted from direct budding off plasma membranes and their size varying from 50 nm to 1000 nm and,(c)Apoptotic bodies are formed during apoptotic cell death process and respectively larger in size>1000 nm[1-3].EVs have been identified using different markers,that includes tetraspanins proteins(CD9,CD63,CD81,and CD83),endosomal sorting complexes required for transport(TSG101,Alix),heat shock proteins(Hsp60,Hsp70,Hsp90),and Rab proteins(RAB27a/b)[1].展开更多
文摘Over the last few years,there is huge scientific attention towards the research related to Extracellular Vesicles(EVs),because of their unique property of inter cellular communications and effective biological significance in diagnosis and therapy[1].Extracellular Vesicles are lipid bilayer membrane bound biological entity,which contains different bioactive compounds(cargoes)such as microRNAs(miRNAs),mRNAs,proteins,and lipids.Based on their origin and size,EVs have been categorized into three different types(a)Exosomes(40 nm-150 nm)are smallest EVs,which are synthesized by endocytic pathways in the cells and secreted in extracellular space through exocytosis process,(b)Microvesicles are secreted from direct budding off plasma membranes and their size varying from 50 nm to 1000 nm and,(c)Apoptotic bodies are formed during apoptotic cell death process and respectively larger in size>1000 nm[1-3].EVs have been identified using different markers,that includes tetraspanins proteins(CD9,CD63,CD81,and CD83),endosomal sorting complexes required for transport(TSG101,Alix),heat shock proteins(Hsp60,Hsp70,Hsp90),and Rab proteins(RAB27a/b)[1].
