Our laboratory study concerns the competitive interaction between two marine rotifer species Bra- chionus plicatilis and Brachionus rotundiformis at five algal （ Nannochloropsis salina） concentrations （0.4＊106 to ...Our laboratory study concerns the competitive interaction between two marine rotifer species Bra- chionus plicatilis and Brachionus rotundiformis at five algal （ Nannochloropsis salina） concentrations （0.4＊106 to 32.4x106 cells/ml） and at four initial inoculation densities （numerically, 100% B. pli- catilis; 75% B. plicatilis and 25% B. rotundiforrnis, 50% each of the two species; 25% B. plicatilis and 75% B. rotundiformis and 100% B. rotundiforrnis. The initial biomass varied as 0.33 and 0.22 #g/ml for B. plicatilis and B. rotundiformis respectively. Experiments were performed at （25±1）C. Population densities were enumerated and the medium was changed daily up to 8 d in the ex- periment. At the lowest food level tested, B. rotundiformis formed superior competitor than B. plicatilis, regardless of starting inoculation density. Generally when the food concentrations in- creased, B. plicatilis showed a greater increase in biomass than B. rotundiforrnis. B. rotundiformis formed the largest in population growth, regardless of increasing food concentrations. When grown alone, B. plicatilis reached peak abundances of （1.311 5±0.028） and （137.5±0.014） μg/ml at low and high food densities respectively. The corresponding values of B. rotundiformis were 0.724 5±0.016 and 18.15±0.021. The adverse effects of B. rotundiforrnis on the peak abundances of B. plicatilis were observed at the lowest food level and higher initial density. The rate of population growth in controls varied from （0.792±0.162） to （1.482±0.132） ttm/d for B. plicatilis and （0.445~0.041） to （0.856±0.012） μm/d for B. rotundiformis, depending on food level. When both species were intro- duced together, low food levels favoured higher abundance of B. rotundiforrnis than B. plicatilis, suggesting that increased population density of the smaller B. rotundiforrnis was more successfull than larger B. plicatilis in brackish waters. Our work reveals that available food （type and quan- tity） along with starting inoculation density had significant effect on the interspecific competition between marine sibling rotifer species in zooplankton community structure.展开更多
In this study,we identified the most deleterious nsSNP in RB1 gene through structural and functional properties of its protein (pRB) and investigated its binding affinity with E2F-2.Out of 956 SNPs,we investigated 12 ...In this study,we identified the most deleterious nsSNP in RB1 gene through structural and functional properties of its protein (pRB) and investigated its binding affinity with E2F-2.Out of 956 SNPs,we investigated 12 nsSNPs in coding region in which three of them (SNPids rs3092895,rs3092903 and rs3092905) are commonly found to be damaged by I-Mutant 2.0,SIFT and PolyPhen programs.With this effort,we modeled the mutant pRB proteins based on these deleterious nsSNPs.From a comparison of total energy,stabilizing residues and RMSD of these three mutant proteins with native pRB protein,we identified that the major mutation is from Glutamic acid to Glycine at the residue position of 746 of pRB.Further,we compared the binding efficiency of both native and mutant pRB (E746G) with E2F-2.We found that mutant pRB has less binding affinity with E2F-2 as compared to native type.This is due to sixteen hydrogen bonding and two salt bridges that exist between native type and E2F-2,whereas mutant type makes only thirteen hydrogen bonds and one salt bridge with E2F-2.Based on our investigation,we propose that the SNP with an id rs3092905 could be the most deleterious nsSNP in RB1 gene causing retinoblastoma.展开更多
文摘Our laboratory study concerns the competitive interaction between two marine rotifer species Bra- chionus plicatilis and Brachionus rotundiformis at five algal （ Nannochloropsis salina） concentrations （0.4＊106 to 32.4x106 cells/ml） and at four initial inoculation densities （numerically, 100% B. pli- catilis; 75% B. plicatilis and 25% B. rotundiforrnis, 50% each of the two species; 25% B. plicatilis and 75% B. rotundiformis and 100% B. rotundiforrnis. The initial biomass varied as 0.33 and 0.22 #g/ml for B. plicatilis and B. rotundiformis respectively. Experiments were performed at （25±1）C. Population densities were enumerated and the medium was changed daily up to 8 d in the ex- periment. At the lowest food level tested, B. rotundiformis formed superior competitor than B. plicatilis, regardless of starting inoculation density. Generally when the food concentrations in- creased, B. plicatilis showed a greater increase in biomass than B. rotundiforrnis. B. rotundiformis formed the largest in population growth, regardless of increasing food concentrations. When grown alone, B. plicatilis reached peak abundances of （1.311 5±0.028） and （137.5±0.014） μg/ml at low and high food densities respectively. The corresponding values of B. rotundiformis were 0.724 5±0.016 and 18.15±0.021. The adverse effects of B. rotundiforrnis on the peak abundances of B. plicatilis were observed at the lowest food level and higher initial density. The rate of population growth in controls varied from （0.792±0.162） to （1.482±0.132） ttm/d for B. plicatilis and （0.445~0.041） to （0.856±0.012） μm/d for B. rotundiformis, depending on food level. When both species were intro- duced together, low food levels favoured higher abundance of B. rotundiforrnis than B. plicatilis, suggesting that increased population density of the smaller B. rotundiforrnis was more successfull than larger B. plicatilis in brackish waters. Our work reveals that available food （type and quan- tity） along with starting inoculation density had significant effect on the interspecific competition between marine sibling rotifer species in zooplankton community structure.
文摘In this study,we identified the most deleterious nsSNP in RB1 gene through structural and functional properties of its protein (pRB) and investigated its binding affinity with E2F-2.Out of 956 SNPs,we investigated 12 nsSNPs in coding region in which three of them (SNPids rs3092895,rs3092903 and rs3092905) are commonly found to be damaged by I-Mutant 2.0,SIFT and PolyPhen programs.With this effort,we modeled the mutant pRB proteins based on these deleterious nsSNPs.From a comparison of total energy,stabilizing residues and RMSD of these three mutant proteins with native pRB protein,we identified that the major mutation is from Glutamic acid to Glycine at the residue position of 746 of pRB.Further,we compared the binding efficiency of both native and mutant pRB (E746G) with E2F-2.We found that mutant pRB has less binding affinity with E2F-2 as compared to native type.This is due to sixteen hydrogen bonding and two salt bridges that exist between native type and E2F-2,whereas mutant type makes only thirteen hydrogen bonds and one salt bridge with E2F-2.Based on our investigation,we propose that the SNP with an id rs3092905 could be the most deleterious nsSNP in RB1 gene causing retinoblastoma.
