Premature ejaculation(PE)is the most comm on male sexual dysfunction,which represents a diag no stic as well as a therapeutic challenge for physicians.However,no universally accepted definition is currently available ...Premature ejaculation(PE)is the most comm on male sexual dysfunction,which represents a diag no stic as well as a therapeutic challenge for physicians.However,no universally accepted definition is currently available for PE.As a result,physicians continue to diagnose patients with PE according to major guidelines set by the professional societies.These guidelines either recommend the use of validated questionnaires or patient-reported outcomes.Recent efforts directed toward classifying PE may help provide a better understanding of the prevalence and risk factors of this disorder.While the exact etiology of PE has not been clearly elucidated,several risk factors have been strongly reported in the literature.Clearly,to understand the revised definition of PE,its etiology and pathophysiology is necessary to improve the clinical management of this medical condition and form the basis of future research in this regard.In this review,we highlight the past and current definitions of PE and present an appraisal on the classifications and theories suggested for the etiopathogenesis of PE.展开更多
According to the World Health Organization(WHO),oxidative stress(OS)is a significant contributor to male infertility.SeminalOS can be measured by a number of assays,all of which are either costly or time sensitive and...According to the World Health Organization(WHO),oxidative stress(OS)is a significant contributor to male infertility.SeminalOS can be measured by a number of assays,all of which are either costly or time sensitive and/or require large semen volume andcomplex instrumentation.One less expensive alternative is to quantify the oxidation-reduction potential(ORP)with the MiOXSYS.In this international multi-center study,we assessed whether ORP levels measured by the MiOXSYS could distinguish semensamples that fall within the 2010 WHO normal reference values from those that do not.Semen samples were collected from 2092patients in 9 countries;ORP was normalized to sperm concentration(mV/10^6 sperm/ml).Only those samples with a concentration>1×10^6 sperm ml1 were in eluded.The results showed that 199 samples fell within the WHO no rmal refere nee range while theremaining 1893 samples did not meet one or more of the criteria.ORP was negatively correlated with all semen parameters(P <0.01)except volume.The area under the curve for ORP was 0.765.The ORP cut-off value(1.34 mV/10^6 sperm/ml)was able todifferentiate specimens with abnormal semen parameters with 98.1%sensitivity,40.6%specificity,94.7%positive predictivevalue(PPV)and 66.6%negative predictive value(NPV).When used as an adjunct to traditional semen analysis,ORP levels mayhelp identify altered functional status of spermatozoa caused by OS in cases of idiopathic male infertility and in male partners ofcouples sufferi ng recurre nt pregna ncy loss,and thereby directi ng these men to relevant medical therapies and lifestyle modificati ons.展开更多
Semen analysis(SA)remains the cornerstone of male infertility evaluation and should ideally be performed by an accredited andrology laboratory or in vitro fertilization(IVF)clinics based on the standards defined by th...Semen analysis(SA)remains the cornerstone of male infertility evaluation and should ideally be performed by an accredited andrology laboratory or in vitro fertilization(IVF)clinics based on the standards defined by the World Health Organization(WHO)for the Examination and Processing of Human Semen and in accordance with the International Organization for Standardization’s Basic Semen Examination on Specification and Test Methods.展开更多
文摘Premature ejaculation(PE)is the most comm on male sexual dysfunction,which represents a diag no stic as well as a therapeutic challenge for physicians.However,no universally accepted definition is currently available for PE.As a result,physicians continue to diagnose patients with PE according to major guidelines set by the professional societies.These guidelines either recommend the use of validated questionnaires or patient-reported outcomes.Recent efforts directed toward classifying PE may help provide a better understanding of the prevalence and risk factors of this disorder.While the exact etiology of PE has not been clearly elucidated,several risk factors have been strongly reported in the literature.Clearly,to understand the revised definition of PE,its etiology and pathophysiology is necessary to improve the clinical management of this medical condition and form the basis of future research in this regard.In this review,we highlight the past and current definitions of PE and present an appraisal on the classifications and theories suggested for the etiopathogenesis of PE.
文摘According to the World Health Organization(WHO),oxidative stress(OS)is a significant contributor to male infertility.SeminalOS can be measured by a number of assays,all of which are either costly or time sensitive and/or require large semen volume andcomplex instrumentation.One less expensive alternative is to quantify the oxidation-reduction potential(ORP)with the MiOXSYS.In this international multi-center study,we assessed whether ORP levels measured by the MiOXSYS could distinguish semensamples that fall within the 2010 WHO normal reference values from those that do not.Semen samples were collected from 2092patients in 9 countries;ORP was normalized to sperm concentration(mV/10^6 sperm/ml).Only those samples with a concentration>1×10^6 sperm ml1 were in eluded.The results showed that 199 samples fell within the WHO no rmal refere nee range while theremaining 1893 samples did not meet one or more of the criteria.ORP was negatively correlated with all semen parameters(P <0.01)except volume.The area under the curve for ORP was 0.765.The ORP cut-off value(1.34 mV/10^6 sperm/ml)was able todifferentiate specimens with abnormal semen parameters with 98.1%sensitivity,40.6%specificity,94.7%positive predictivevalue(PPV)and 66.6%negative predictive value(NPV).When used as an adjunct to traditional semen analysis,ORP levels mayhelp identify altered functional status of spermatozoa caused by OS in cases of idiopathic male infertility and in male partners ofcouples sufferi ng recurre nt pregna ncy loss,and thereby directi ng these men to relevant medical therapies and lifestyle modificati ons.
文摘Semen analysis(SA)remains the cornerstone of male infertility evaluation and should ideally be performed by an accredited andrology laboratory or in vitro fertilization(IVF)clinics based on the standards defined by the World Health Organization(WHO)for the Examination and Processing of Human Semen and in accordance with the International Organization for Standardization’s Basic Semen Examination on Specification and Test Methods.
