Solar flares and coronal mass ejections(CMEs)are thought to be the most powerful events on the Sun.They can release energy as high as~10^(32)erg in tens of minutes,and also can release solar energetic particles(SEPs)i...Solar flares and coronal mass ejections(CMEs)are thought to be the most powerful events on the Sun.They can release energy as high as~10^(32)erg in tens of minutes,and also can release solar energetic particles(SEPs)into interplanetary space.We explore global energy budgets of solar major eruptions that occurred on 2017 September 6,including the energy partition of a powerful solar flare,and the energy budget of the accompanying CME and SEPs.In the wavelength range shortward of~222 nm,a major contribution of the flare radiated energy is in the soft X-ray(SXR)0.1-7 nm domain.The flare energy radiated at wavelengths of Lyαand mid-ultraviolet is larger than that radiated in the extreme ultraviolet wavelengths,but it is much less than that radiated in the SxR waveband.The total flare radiated energy could be comparable to the thermal and nonthermal energies.The energies carried by the major flare and its accompanying CME are roughly equal,and they are both powered by the magnetic free energy in the NOAA AR 12673.Moreover,the CME is efficient in accelerating SEPs,and the prompt component(whether it comes from the solar flare or the CME)contributes only a negligible fraction.展开更多
基金funded by the National Key R&D Program of China 2022YFF0503002(2022YFF0503000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,Grant Nos.11973092,12073081,12003064,12103090 and U1938102)+6 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program on Space Science,CAS,grant Nos.XDA15052200 and XDA15320301supported by the Specialized Research Fund for State Key LaboratoriesLYRA is a project of the Centre Spatial de Liege,the Physikalisch-Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos and the Royal Observatory of Belgium funded by the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office(BELSPO)by the Swiss Bundesamt für Bildung und WissenschaftPart of this work was performed in the framework of the SERPENTINE project,which has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No.101004159support by the Turku Collegium for Science,Medicine and Technology of the University of Turku,Finlandsupport from the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office(BELSPO)in the framework of the ESA-PRODEX program,grant No.4000134474.
文摘Solar flares and coronal mass ejections(CMEs)are thought to be the most powerful events on the Sun.They can release energy as high as~10^(32)erg in tens of minutes,and also can release solar energetic particles(SEPs)into interplanetary space.We explore global energy budgets of solar major eruptions that occurred on 2017 September 6,including the energy partition of a powerful solar flare,and the energy budget of the accompanying CME and SEPs.In the wavelength range shortward of~222 nm,a major contribution of the flare radiated energy is in the soft X-ray(SXR)0.1-7 nm domain.The flare energy radiated at wavelengths of Lyαand mid-ultraviolet is larger than that radiated in the extreme ultraviolet wavelengths,but it is much less than that radiated in the SxR waveband.The total flare radiated energy could be comparable to the thermal and nonthermal energies.The energies carried by the major flare and its accompanying CME are roughly equal,and they are both powered by the magnetic free energy in the NOAA AR 12673.Moreover,the CME is efficient in accelerating SEPs,and the prompt component(whether it comes from the solar flare or the CME)contributes only a negligible fraction.
