脑小血管病血液生物标志物的研究进展

脑小血管疾病(CSVD)是一组由各种病因引起的关于脑血管系统病变,从而导致一系列临床、影像学、病理表现的动态性血管性疾病。人类预期寿命的普遍增长,高患病率、高复发率的特征使CSVD受到普遍关注。随着影像学、神经病理生理学等研究发展,CSVD患者的发病机制和诊断治疗取得些许进展。目前,研究人员发现通过对CSVD血液生物标志物的研究可能有助于提高疾病早期诊断、早期干预及改善预后。并且血液生物标志物的易取性及简便性使其在临床上能具有更广泛的应用前景。本文就CSVD相关血液生物标志物的研究进展进行综述。

Analysis of Influencing Factors on Fruit Consumption of Urban and Rural Residents in Beijing

In light of the rapid expansion of China s economy,there has been a notable shift in the consumption patterns of urban and rural residents.This is evident in the increased consumption of agricultural products,with fruit consumption representing a particularly pronounced trend.The 2023 Beijing Consumption Statistics indicate that demand for fruit is increasing,accompanied by heightened competition for quality and brands.The paper is based on research that examines the current situation of fruit consumption among urban and rural residents in Beijing.The results indicate that when urban and rural residents in Beijing purchase fruits,price is the most significant factor influencing fruit consumption.Taste,appearance,and variety are also considered to be important influencing factors,while the influence of factors such as fruit type,consumption pattern,and fruit brand is relatively minor.

Optimization of Agricultural Industrial Structure in Changping District of Beijing Based on Grey Relational Analysis

In the economic development of Beijing,although the share of the total amount of agricultural industry in the overall economy is relatively low,it has an important impact on the daily life of residents,social stability and the development of other industries.Changping District,as an important agricultural production base of Beijing,its agricultural development has an indispensable strategic significance for the stability and growth of the entire regional economy.Therefore,it is very important to study the structure of agricultural industry in Changping District.Based on the detailed analysis of the agricultural industrial structure of Changping District,this paper uses the grey relation theory to analyze the different industries in the agricultural industrial structure of Changping District,including planting,forestry,animal husbandry,fishery and agricultural,forestry,service industries,in order to reveal the impact of these industries on the agricultural industrial structure of Changping District.Through this study,it comes up with specific and feasible suggestions for the optimization of agricultural industrial structure in Changping District,and provides valuable reference for the agricultural development of other areas in Beijing.

Research on the Development of Smart Animal Husbandry in Beijing

With the rapid development of agricultural science and technology,animal husbandry,as an important pillar in the field of agriculture,is gradually moving towards a new era of smart animal husbandry with the deep integration of informatization and digitalization.This transformation not only breaks through the traditional production mode of animal husbandry,but also promotes it to a new form under the Internet ecology,draws a new blueprint for the development of agriculture and animal husbandry,and gives birth to numerous potential business opportunities for the development of new agriculture.However,the practice and promotion of smart animal husbandry is not a smooth road,and many challenges and problems need to be solved urgently.On the basis of an in-depth investigation of the development status of smart animal husbandry in Beijing,this paper comprehensively analyzes the current problems,including the difficulty of technology integration,the lack of talent reserve,and the need to improve the policy environment.In view of these problems,it puts forward a series of practical suggestions,in order to speed up the development of animal husbandry in Beijing to the direction of smart development,and realize the sustainable development of animal husbandry.

不同耕作方式及耕地深度对贵阳植烟土壤及烤烟质量的影响

通过大田试验,探讨了不同耕作方式及耕地深度对贵阳植烟土壤及烤烟质量的影响。结果表明:总体上以翻地35cm处理的土壤碱解氮含量最高;在翻地和松地耕作方式下,土壤速效磷含量随着耕作深度的增加而显著降低;在翻地方式下土壤脲酶活性总体上最高;在烤烟生育前期(移栽后30~60d),以旋耕15cm处理的土壤蔗糖酶活性最高,在生育后期(移栽后90~120d),以翻地35cm处理的土壤蔗糖酶活性最高;耕作方式对烤烟的株高、茎围影响较大,其中旋耕方式的效果较好;在旋耕方式下烟叶的总糖和还原糖含量随耕作深度增加而增加,在翻地方式下则相反;烟叶中性致香物质总含量以翻地35cm下最高,且在旋耕和松地方式下其随着耕作深度的增加而减少;在不同处理中,以松土35cm处理的烤烟产值最高,比翻地15cm处理提高了15.45%,新增经济效益9271.80元/hm^2。

环状RNA在恶性血液病中的研究进展

环状RNA(circRNA)是广泛表达于真核细胞内的一类非编码RNA,其可通过多种途径参与体内生理和病理过程的调控,被认为是疾病诊断和治疗的潜在标志物和靶点。近年来发现,circRNA在造血细胞中表达并发挥关键的调控功能,其中许多circRNA被发现能够调控白血病和淋巴瘤等恶性血液病的进展。本文综述了circRNA在不同恶性血液病中差异表达及功能,为恶性血液病的诊断和治疗提供全新的策略。

间变性淋巴瘤激酶抑制剂治疗肿瘤研究回顾

间变性淋巴瘤激酶(Anaplastic lymphoma kinase,ALK)作为一种与肿瘤密切相关的酪氨酸激酶,可被易位或突变激活,出现异常表达如基因突变、重排及扩增等,激活体内的细胞信号传导通路,调控肿瘤的生长、分化、迁移。ALK小分子抑制剂类抗肿瘤药物虽然已经被批准正式应用于临床肿瘤的治疗,然而新的耐药突变问题也不断出现,导致肿瘤反复。通过查阅文献,回顾近年来对ALK抑制剂的研究、中医药认识以及临床治疗进展。

基于微雨雷达观测北京地区夏冬季降水个例特征分析

利用微雨雷达在北京地区的降水观测数据,对夏冬两季降水情况进行降水参数反演及垂直分布特征分析。选取一次夏季层状云降水个例,利用速度谱低端法剔除垂直气流对雨滴下落末速度的影响,进行徽雨雷达观测数据的质量控制,剔除垂直气流影响后,反演反射率因子Z、降雨强度R,液态含水量LWC、雨滴总数浓度N。等降雨参数;通过直接积分多普勒频谱计算等效反射率因子Ze和降雪率S,减小MRR雷达观测冬季降雪特征量与实际特征量的误差。实验结果表明,剔除垂直气流影响对后续降雨参数的反演误差有一定改善。

mini-MPN-STE-qPCR法快速定量检测食品中沙门氏菌

目的建立一种快速、简易、可定量检测食源性沙门氏菌定量PCR (quantitative PCR, qPCR)方法。方法依据沙门菌属invA基因序列设计染料法qPCR引物,建立沙门氏菌qPCR检测方法,并通过短时间增菌(short time enrichment, STE)的5管微型多管发酵计数法(mini-most probable number, mini-MPN)进行定量检测,构建mini-MPN-STE-qPCR法。使用人工污染的鸡肉混合液进行定量检测,检测结果与传统MPN计数法和平板计数法进行比较分析。结果建立的qPCR法特异性良好,方法灵敏度为50CFU/mL,结合48孔板min-MPN和4 h短时间增菌,建立的mini-MPN-STE-qPCR法可将整个检测流程缩短至7 h。人工添加沙门氏菌的鸡肉混合液检测结果表明方法检出限为-0.347logMPN/mL,Bland-Altman分析结果显示,此法与传统MPN计数法相关系数r2=0.994,与平板计数法相关系数r2=0.992。结论该方法准确、简单易行、成本低、灵敏度高,可用于食品中沙门菌的快速定量检测。

高效液相色谱法测定牛奶中黄曲霉毒素M1含量的不确定度评定

根据方法GB 5009.24-2016《食品安全国家标准食品中黄曲霉毒素M族的测定》,建立高效液相色谱法测定牛奶中黄曲霉毒素M1含量不确定度的数学模型,分析检测过程中的不确定度来源,并对不确定度分量进行量化和合成.当牛奶中黄曲霉毒素M1的质量分数为0.842μg/kg时,其扩展不确定度为0.048 4μg/kg(k=2).方法相对不确定度主要来源于标准品纯度和样品回收率.

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定香菇中总砷含量的不确定度评定

利用微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定香菇中总砷的含量,并对不确定度来源进行了分析,依据JJF1059—1999《测量不确定度评定与表示》,对各不确定度分量进行量化,并对合成不确定度进行计算,最终得出测定结果的扩展不确定度。结果表明,对结果不确定度贡献最大的是标准曲线拟合和测量重复性,样品称量和消解液的定容的影响可忽略不计;本次总砷的测定结果为(0.128±0.012)mg/kg(k=2)。

Research on Dairy Consumption of Rural Residents in Yanqing District of Beijing

Taking the rural residents in Yanqing District of Beijing as the research object,through field investigations and interviews,it is found that the main characteristics,income and expenditure level,preference and cognitive level of rural residents are the factors that affect the dairy consumption behavior of rural residents.Using the bivariate regression model for empirical analysis,it is concluded that rural residents'occupation,monthly average income,purchase expenditure and attitude towards dairy safety have a significant impact on rural residents'dairy consumption behavior,and then relevant constructive suggestions are put forward to guide rural residents'balanced consumption.

新形势下烟草青枯病发生特点与防治技术措施

细菌性青枯病是烟草主要的三大根茎类病害之一,严重威胁着烟草健康生长,给烟草生产造成重大的经济损失.本文从发生特点、流行规律与防治技术对青枯病进行了综述,简要阐述了烟草青枯病发生危害与流行趋势,并从农业栽培措施、生物防治、化学防治3个方面论述了烟草青枯病的防治技术手段.

我国烟草黑胫病的发生流行及防治技术措施

烟草黑胫病是一种由烟草疫霉菌引起的土传性病害,在我国主要烟区逐年加重,严重威胁烟草种植的可持续发展.本文从烟草黑胫病的病原特点和综合防治等方面进行概述,分析当下烟草黑胫病的防治要点和进展,以期为烟草黑胫病菌的综合防控提供参考.

市售灵芝孢子粉质量风险分析

目的:对市售灵芝孢子粉重金属污染状况进行分析和评价。方法:收集市售中药饮片、保健食品、食品和农产品等不同产品类型和规格的灵芝孢子粉35批次,对铅、镉、砷、汞、铜、铬和镍等7种重金属元素进行检测,采用单元素污染指数和综合污染指数进行灵芝孢子粉重金属污染评价。结果:有6批次灵芝孢子粉风险因素超出拟定的标准限值;单元素污染指数中Cu、Cr、Ni和Cd超标率分别为8.57%、5.71%、5.71%和2.86%;综合污染指数最大的为2.89,最小的为0.04;7种重金属元素中Cr和Ni处于中度污染、Cu处于轻度污染、Cd处于警戒限。结论:市售灵芝孢子粉存在一定的重金属风险隐患,总体重金属元素污染程度较低。破壁的灵芝孢子粉的Cr和Ni应引起关注,破壁过程中需进一步采取针对性的控制措施。

Spectral attenuation of a 400-nm laser pulse propagating through a plasma filament induced by an intense femtosecond laser pulse

The spectral attenuation of a 400-nm probe laser propagating through a femtosecond plasma in air is studied.Defocusing effect of the low-density plasma is an obvious effect by examining the far-field patterns of the 400-nm pulse.Besides,the energy of 400-nm pulse drops after interaction with the plasma,which is found to be another effect leading to the attenuation.To reveal the physical origin behind the energy loss,we measure fluorescence emissions of the interaction area.The fluorescence is hardly detected with the weak 400-nm laser pulse,and the line spectra from the plasma filament induced by the 800-nm pump pulse are clearly shown.However,when the 400-nm pulse propagates through the plasma filament,the fluorescence at 391 nm from the first negative band system of N2+is enhanced,while that from the second positive band of neutral N2 at 337 nm remains constant.Efficient near-resonant absorption of the 400-nm pulse by the first negative band system occurs inside the plasma,which results in the enhanced fluorescence.Furthermore,the spectral attenuation of the 400-nm probe laser is measured as a function of the pump–probe time delay as well as the pump-pulse energy.

Problems and Countermeasures in Benefit Linkage between Agricultural Leading Enterprises and Farmers

The agricultural leading enterprises and farmers have formed a mutual linkage,mutual restraint,and interdependent benefit linkage mechanism.This paper mainly analyzes the existing problems in the benefit linkage between the agricultural leading enterprises and farmers,and draws on the successful domestic benefit linkage model,and comes up with policy recommendations to provide an effective approach for agricultural leading enterprises to promote development of farmers.

Enlightenment of Development of Japanese and Germen Agricultural Management Main Body to China

As shown in the agricultural development experience of various countries in the world,the agricultural operating entity has become an effective means to increase the agricultural production efficiency and establish a scientific management model.Promoting the continuous improvement of the modern agricultural management system is not only an important means for solving the three rural issues in China,but also a key measure to enhance China's agricultural competitiveness.This paper introduced the basic situation of agricultural operating entities in Japan and Germany,summarized their advanced experience,and finally came up with feasible recommendations for enhancing the competitive advantages of agricultural operating entities in China.

丽水市居民关于保健食品的健康素养调查和分析

本研究通过问卷形式,对丽水市市居民关于保健食品的健康素养现状进行调查,并结合影响因素的研究,分析居民关于保健食品的健康素养的特征、影响因素及存在的问题,为今后指导居民科学选择保健食品提供依据,同时为保健食品行业发展提供理论研究基础。

颜色和糖醋液对野蛞蝓引诱作用的研究

为探索颜色和糖醋液对野蛞蝓的引诱作用,开展了野蛞蝓对不同颜色和不同组分糖醋液的趋向行为研究,设置红、蓝、黄、绿为引诱色,配制不同配比和浓度的糖醋液,开展室内趋性反应试验和田间试验。调查发现:在不同颜色塑料盒中,蓝、红盒对野蛞蝓的引诱作用显著强于绿、黄盒;在9种糖醋液配比中,引诱野蛞蝓效果最佳的配比为白糖∶醋∶酒=1∶4∶1,且上述配比的糖醋液,引诱效果随着设计兑水量的增加(浓度的降低)而增强,当糖∶醋∶酒∶水=1∶4∶1∶76时,对野蛞蝓的引诱效果为各处理中最好。