Review on current advances,future challenges and consideration issues for post-combustion CO_2 capture using amine-based absorbents

Among the current technologies for post-combustion CO2 capture,amine-based chemical absorption appears to be the most technologically mature and commercially viable method.This review highlights the opportunities and challenges in post-combustion CO2 capture using amine-based chemical absorption technologies.In addition,this review provides current types and emerging trends for chemical solvents.The issues and performance of amine solvents are reviewed and addressed in terms of thermodynamics,kinetics,mass transfer,regeneration and solvent management.This review also looks at emerging and future trends in post-combustion CO2 capture using chemical solvents in the near to mid-term.

Advancement and new perspectives of using formulated reactive amine blends for post-combustion carbon dioxide (CO_(2)) capture technologies

Chemical absorption using amine-based solvents have proven to be the most studied,as well as the most reliable and efficient technology for capturing carbon dioxide(CO_(2))from exhaust gas streams and synthesis gas in all combustion and industrial processes.The application of single amine-based solvents especially the very reactive monoethanolamine(MEA)is associated with a parasitic energy demand for solvent regeneration.Since regeneration energy accounts for up to threeequarters of the plant operating cost,efforts in its reduction have prompted the idea of using blended amine solvents.This review paper highlights the success achieved in blending amine solvents and the recent and future technologies aimed at increasing the overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient,absorption rate,cyclic capacity and greatly minimizing both degradation and the energy for solvent regeneration.The importance of amine biodegradability(BOD)and low ecotoxicity as well as low amine volatility is also highlighted.Costs and energy penalty indices that influences the capital and operating costs of CO_(2) capture process was also highlighted.A new experimental method for simultaneously estimating amine cost,degradation rate,regeneration energy and reclaiming energy is also proposed in this review paper.

Application of carbon nanotubes prepared from CH_(4)/CO_(2) over Ni/MgO catalysts in CO_(2) capture using a BEA-AMP bi-solvent blend

Carbon nanotubes(CNTs)were synthesized by the chemical vapour deposition of methane and carbon dioxide over a Ni/MgO catalyst.The synthesized CNTs were then mixed with K/MgO catalyst at different ratios and used as the catalyst for CO_(2) absorption in butylethanolamine-2-amino-2-methyl-l-propanol bi-solvent blend.The catalysts were characterized using X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,butylethanolamine,thermal gravimetric analysis and temperature-programmed desorption of carbon dioxide in order to determine the characteristics responsible for good CO_(2)-absorption performance.The results showed that,with the addition of a catalyst into the amine solution,the amine reached equilibrium CO_(2) loading faster than without a catalyst.Also,the increase in the CNT content of the KMgO/CNTs catalyst made the CO_(2) absorption reach equilibrium much more quickly compared with just KMgO alone and without a catalyst.The KMgO/CNTs at a ratio of 1:4 yielded the fastest time to reach CO_(2)-loading equilibrium at 240 min,which was mainly due to the increase in strong basic sites as well as the highest total basic sites with an increase in CNT content.In addition,because of the extremely large specific surface area and pore volume generated due to the CNT,the number of exposed active centres per unit mass increased tremendously,leading to a corresponding tremendous increase in CO_(2) absorption.

Mass-transfer studies of solid-base catalyst-aided CO_(2) absorption and solid-acid catalyst-aided CO_(2) desorption for CO_(2) capture in a pilot plant using aqueous solutions of MEA and blends of MEA-MDEA and BEA-AMP

Mass-transfer studies of catalyst-aided CO_(2) absorption and desorption were performed in a full-cycle,bench-scale pilot plant to improve CO_(2) absorption using 5M MEA,5M MEA-2M MDEA and 2M BEA-2M AMP.A solid-base catalyst,K/MgO,and an acid catalyst,HZSM-5,were used to facilitate absorption and desorption,respectively.Absorption and desorption mass-transfer performance was presented in terms of the overall mass-transfer coefficient of the gas side(KGav)and liquid side(K_(L)a_(v)),respectively.For non-catalytic runs,the highest K_(G)a_(V) and K_(L)a_(V) were 0.086 Kmol m^(3).kPa.hr and 0.7851 hr for 2M BEA-2M AMP solvent.The results showed 38.7% KGav and 23.6% K_(L)a_(v) increase for 2M BEA-2M AMP with only HZSM-5 catalyst in desorber and a 95% K_(G)a_(V) and 45% K_(L)a_(V) increase for both K/MgO catalyst and HZSM-5 catalyst.This was attributed to the role of K/MgO in bonding loosely with CO_(2) and making it available for the amine reaction.

CO_(2)-capture research and Clean Energy Technologies Research Institute(CETRI)of University of Regina,Canada:history,current status and future development

Clean Energy Technologies Research Institute(CETRI)was formerly known as the International Test Centre for CO_(2)Capture in the early 2000s.The original focus of the centre was to help lower the carbon intensity of the current energy sources to low-carbon ones in Canada.Currently,CETRI’s mandates have expanded and now include most of the low-carbon and near-carbon-free clean-energy research activities.Areas of research focus include carbon(CO_(2))capture,utilization and storage(CCUS),near-zero-emission hydrogen(H_(2))technologies,and waste-to-renewable fuels and chemicals.CETRI also brings together one of the most dynamic teams of researchers,industry leaders,innovators and educators in the clean and low-carbon energy fields.