Geology and evolution of the Indian Plate （from Hadean to Holocene 4 Ga to 4 Ka）

Writing regional geology books is not an easy task, especially in our age of rapid developments in geology and the flood of research papers in any given discipline of geoscience. It requires multidisciplinary skills and a life-long commitment to both geology and the study region. Nonetheless, these challenges should not discourage geoscientists and regional geology books are valuable educational, research, and reference tools especially when they deal with key parts of our planet. India and the Indian plate is one such vital region-geologically, geographically, and culturally.

含油气盆地中的断层研究

自Frederick Clapp于1910年在其划时代的论文中将断层构造划为有意义的石油圈闭以来,在沉积盆地中断层对石油运移、聚集、成藏所起的各种作用逐渐引起了人们的关注。对石油圈闭中的断层分析已经沿两条清晰而连续的思路进行:①断层圈闭;②断层岩封闭。历经20世纪大部分时光,断层圈闭的几何形状以及断层并置作用对储层的封闭性已成为研究与应用的焦点。由于构造地质学为沉积盆地几何学、运动学分析发展了各种定量方法,并且以板块边缘力学特性为基础的板块构造学为研究盆地与断块的关系提供了统一工具,此类研究与应用便得以实施。近20年来,由于三维地震成像能更好地分辨断层构造,对由断层封闭引起的储层分隔问题有了更为深入细致的研究。本文的撰写目的是,通过回溯断层圈闭分析中一些概念和方法的历史发展状况,简要论述含油气盆地中断层的作用。