Remote photoplethysmography （rPPG） allows remote measurement of the heart rate using low-cost RGB imaging equipment. In this study, we review the development of the field of rPPG since its emergence in 2008. We also...Remote photoplethysmography （rPPG） allows remote measurement of the heart rate using low-cost RGB imaging equipment. In this study, we review the development of the field of rPPG since its emergence in 2008. We also classify existing rPPG approaches and derive a framework that provides an overview of modular steps. Based on this framework, practitioners can use our classification to design algorithms for an rPPG approach that suits their specific needs. Researchers can use the reviewed and classified algorithms as a starting point to improve particular features of an rPPG algorithm.展开更多
Evolutionary computation （EC）, a collective name rithms, is one of the fastest-growing areas in computer science. for a range of metaheuristic black-box optimization algo- Many manuals and ＂how-to＇s on the use of ...Evolutionary computation （EC）, a collective name rithms, is one of the fastest-growing areas in computer science. for a range of metaheuristic black-box optimization algo- Many manuals and ＂how-to＇s on the use of different EC methods as well as a variety of free or commercial software libraries are widely available nowadays. However, when one of these methods is applied to a real-world task, there can be many pitfalls and booby traps lurking certain aspects of the optimization problem that may lead to unsatisfactory results even if the algorithm appears to be correctly implemented and executed, These include the convergence issues, ruggedness, deceptiveness, and neutrality in the fitness landscape, epistasis, non-separability, noise leading to the need for robustness, as well as dimensionality and scalability issues, among others. In this article, we systematically discuss these related hindrances and present some possible remedies. The goal is to equip practitioners and researchers alike with a clear picture and understanding of what kind of problems can render EC applications unsuccessful and how to avoid them from the start.展开更多
文摘Remote photoplethysmography （rPPG） allows remote measurement of the heart rate using low-cost RGB imaging equipment. In this study, we review the development of the field of rPPG since its emergence in 2008. We also classify existing rPPG approaches and derive a framework that provides an overview of modular steps. Based on this framework, practitioners can use our classification to design algorithms for an rPPG approach that suits their specific needs. Researchers can use the reviewed and classified algorithms as a starting point to improve particular features of an rPPG algorithm.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. U0835002, 61175065,and 61150110488the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province of China under Grant No. 1108085J16+2 种基金the European Union 7th Framework Program under Grant No. 247619the Chinese Academy of Sciences Fellowship for Young International Scientists underGrant No. CX05040000001Special Financial Grant from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under Grant No. 201104329
文摘Evolutionary computation （EC）, a collective name rithms, is one of the fastest-growing areas in computer science. for a range of metaheuristic black-box optimization algo- Many manuals and ＂how-to＇s on the use of different EC methods as well as a variety of free or commercial software libraries are widely available nowadays. However, when one of these methods is applied to a real-world task, there can be many pitfalls and booby traps lurking certain aspects of the optimization problem that may lead to unsatisfactory results even if the algorithm appears to be correctly implemented and executed, These include the convergence issues, ruggedness, deceptiveness, and neutrality in the fitness landscape, epistasis, non-separability, noise leading to the need for robustness, as well as dimensionality and scalability issues, among others. In this article, we systematically discuss these related hindrances and present some possible remedies. The goal is to equip practitioners and researchers alike with a clear picture and understanding of what kind of problems can render EC applications unsuccessful and how to avoid them from the start.
