Japanese encephalitis virus（JEV） is a significant causative agent of arthropod-borne encephalitis and what is less clear that the factors cause the virus wide spread. The objective was to confirm whether the homolog...Japanese encephalitis virus（JEV） is a significant causative agent of arthropod-borne encephalitis and what is less clear that the factors cause the virus wide spread. The objective was to confirm whether the homologous recombination imposed on JEV. The phylogenetic and homologous recombination analyses were performed based on 163 complete JEV genomes which were recently isolated. They were still separated into five genotypes（GI-GV） and the most of recently isolated JEVs were GI rather than GIII in Asian areas including China's Mainland. Two recombinant events were identified in JEV and the evidence of the recombination was observed between China and Japan isolates that partitioned into two distinct subclades, but still the same genotype（GIII）. Our data further suggested that most of the nucleotides in JEV genome were under negative selection; however, changes within codon 2 316（amino acid NS4b-44） showed an evidence of the positive selection.展开更多
To the Editor： A recent article entitled ＂HIV-1 DNA vaccine with adjuvant cytokines induces specific immune responses against HIV-1 infection in mice＂ was published in the Chinese Medical Journal. The authors descr...To the Editor： A recent article entitled ＂HIV-1 DNA vaccine with adjuvant cytokines induces specific immune responses against HIV-1 infection in mice＂ was published in the Chinese Medical Journal. The authors descriptively analyzed the adjuvant potential of an interleukin-12 （IL-12）, interleukin-18 （IL-18）, regulated on activation of normal T-cell expressed and secreted factor （RANTES）, macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha （MIP-1α or stromal cell derived factor 1 （SDF-1） plasmid when coimmunized with an HIV Gag gene-based DNA vaccine. Consequently the authors believed that IL-12, IL-18, or SDF-1 plasmid DNA potentially serves as immune adjuvants in combination with therapeutic HIV-1 DNA vaccine. The RANTES, MIP-1α plasmid DNA potentially serves as Immune adjuvants in combination with HIV-1 prophylactic vaccine. Although the experiment allows us to consider such a coinoculation strategy as one of the means against HIV-1 infection, some special attentions should be highlighted.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82001962)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2019M661056)+1 种基金Shanxi Province Science Foundation for Youths (201901D211337)Scientific and Technological Innovation Programs of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi (2019L0407)
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31272569,31270187)Projects in the National Science&Technology Pillar Program during 12th Five-year Plan Period(2013BAD12B04)Harbin Science and Technology Bureau(RC2012XK002003)
文摘Japanese encephalitis virus（JEV） is a significant causative agent of arthropod-borne encephalitis and what is less clear that the factors cause the virus wide spread. The objective was to confirm whether the homologous recombination imposed on JEV. The phylogenetic and homologous recombination analyses were performed based on 163 complete JEV genomes which were recently isolated. They were still separated into five genotypes（GI-GV） and the most of recently isolated JEVs were GI rather than GIII in Asian areas including China's Mainland. Two recombinant events were identified in JEV and the evidence of the recombination was observed between China and Japan isolates that partitioned into two distinct subclades, but still the same genotype（GIII）. Our data further suggested that most of the nucleotides in JEV genome were under negative selection; however, changes within codon 2 316（amino acid NS4b-44） showed an evidence of the positive selection.
文摘To the Editor： A recent article entitled ＂HIV-1 DNA vaccine with adjuvant cytokines induces specific immune responses against HIV-1 infection in mice＂ was published in the Chinese Medical Journal. The authors descriptively analyzed the adjuvant potential of an interleukin-12 （IL-12）, interleukin-18 （IL-18）, regulated on activation of normal T-cell expressed and secreted factor （RANTES）, macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha （MIP-1α or stromal cell derived factor 1 （SDF-1） plasmid when coimmunized with an HIV Gag gene-based DNA vaccine. Consequently the authors believed that IL-12, IL-18, or SDF-1 plasmid DNA potentially serves as immune adjuvants in combination with therapeutic HIV-1 DNA vaccine. The RANTES, MIP-1α plasmid DNA potentially serves as Immune adjuvants in combination with HIV-1 prophylactic vaccine. Although the experiment allows us to consider such a coinoculation strategy as one of the means against HIV-1 infection, some special attentions should be highlighted.
