A new approach for calculating the apparent resistivity tensor

The apparent resistivity tensor pB is an electromagnetic transfer function,which can be used to analyze and explain the underground electrical structure.Conventional method for obtaining the parameter requires controlled sources and can be easy to be disturbed by cultural noises.We present a new method for calculating the apparent resistivity tensor,the current density is first obtained by measuring the curl operator of the magnetic field on the Earth's surface.This approach is independent of the assumption of a plane wave,and may be used irrespective of source types and field areas.We derived the analytical expressions of the apparent resistivity tensor based on synthetic horizontally layered models with a vertical magnetic dipole source.We then calculate the responses of Pb through numerical modeling examples using both natural sources and controlled sources.Compared to traditional apparent resistivity definitions,our apparent resistivity tensor has the same amplitude value but with more sensitive phases in the far zone,and shows few distortions in the transition zone.And in the near-field zone,it is closer to the resistivity distribution under the ground.The simulation results have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method for calculating the apparent resistivity tensor.

龙门山断裂带卫星重力场特征及其发震机制

为了整体了解青藏高原东南缘龙门山断裂带的卫星重力场特征及其发震机制,文中基于重力卫星数据展现出研究区域的地形信息,并通过解算反映莫霍面起伏的区域重力异常,反演出研究区域的莫霍面深度,同时运用GPS速度场数据探测了研究区域地壳的形变速率及方向;最后,结合龙门山断裂带的构造背景及前人已有的深部探测结果,分析其发震前后重力时变场的动态特征并探讨了发震机理。研究结果表明:青藏高原东缘深部物质逐年向E流展,在龙门山断裂带处强势受阻,持续的挤压、碰撞过程形成了深部莫霍面的"陡降带",长期的应力作用利于逆冲推覆和走滑构造的形成;龙门山地震带震前处于明显的重力变化梯度带,深部物质运移的流速差异大,流体压力增强,有助于地壳流体入侵和软流圈物质底侵上涌;物质和能量的持续积累最终将导致深部应力严重失衡、深部薄弱构造剪切破裂,从而发生逆冲、推覆构造运动的大地震。

重力与磁法在有色金属矿产勘探中的研究进展

重力与磁法勘探具有致矿异常敏感、勘探成本低、效率高、效果好等优点,在有色金属矿产圈定中发挥了重要作用。随着仪器设备的日益更新、数据处理与解释手段的快速发展,重磁勘探变得越来越成熟,相应的数据处理与反演解释也进入了高维、高精度、高分辨率的阶段。本文从基本原理、仪器设备、方法技术及勘探案例四个方面出发,介绍了重磁勘探法在有色金属矿勘探中的现状与进展,总结归纳了重磁勘探法的发展趋势与应用前景,相关结论可服务于有色金属矿产勘探同行,并为战略性有色金属矿产储量和分布的探明提供一定的支撑。

A hybrid finite-element and integral-equation method for forward modeling of 3D controlled-source electromagnetic induction

We have developed a hybrid solver that combines the finite-element and integralequation method for 3D CSEM modeling based on unstructured meshes. To avoid the source singularity, the secondary field is used in the modeling framework. The primary electromagnetic field from an electric dipole source in a layered medium is calculated based on the magnetic vector potential method. The inhomogeneities of the computational region are discretized by a vector-based finite-element mesh with boundaries at finite distance from the inhomogeneities by using the dyadic Green's function, reducing the truncation boundary effect and the solution region. The electric and magnetic Green's function is used in data postprocessing to reduce the numerical errors owing to inaccurate gradients because of unstructured meshes; thus, the electromagnetic field is more accurately calculated. Finally, the proposed algorithm is applied to a block and a disc model, and we assess the topography effect on the field components.

基于小波细节信息的重力源参数估算

小波多尺度分析方法在位场数据处理领域得到了广泛关注.目前,人们对利用该方法分离位场数据所得到的小波细节横向边缘信息认知不够深入,有必要做进一步探究.本文首先采用小波多尺度位场分离方法分离出区域和局部重力异常,然后利用haar小波变换HVD模法对局部异常信息进行多尺度分析,将所得到的小波细节信息进行水平、垂直和对角线方向分解,探测出局部异常体的横向边缘特征,并利用频谱分析方法估测出场源深度.最后,通过理论模型和南非Witwatersrand Basin航空实测重力数据进行分析,表明小波多尺度分析方法不仅能很好地实现位场分离、近似提取异常体场源深度,还可以利用小波细节信息有效地分辨出局部异常体的横向边缘特征,提高其识别精度.