Cellular heterogeneity is essential for the physiological functions of organisms,and precise interpretation of the relevant biological mechanisms involved requires accurate measurement of biomolecules,including DNA,RN...Cellular heterogeneity is essential for the physiological functions of organisms,and precise interpretation of the relevant biological mechanisms involved requires accurate measurement of biomolecules,including DNA,RNA,proteins,and metabolites at the single-cell level.Cellular metabolites react most rapidly to environmental and biochemical changes such that their detection is a critical step in determining the physiological state of cells.However,their limited amounts,structural diversity,and significant content variation render single-cell metabolomics analysis technically challenging.Mass spectrometry,with its high sensitivity,good selectivity,and wide dynamic range,has been widely used in the single-cell analysis in recent years.In terms of ionization techniques,there are four main types of single-cell mass spectrometry methods:nano-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry,matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry,secondary ion mass spectrometry,and dielectric barrier discharge ionization mass spectrometry.In this mini review,the progress of single-cellmass spectrometrymethodologies and data processing strategies are summarized,and the future trends in single-cell mass spectrometry are outlined.展开更多
Chemistry on solid surfaces is central to many research areas of practical interest,such as synthesis,catalysis,electrochemistry,photochemistry,and materials science.A comprehensive understanding of the nanoscale on-s...Chemistry on solid surfaces is central to many research areas of practical interest,such as synthesis,catalysis,electrochemistry,photochemistry,and materials science.A comprehensive understanding of the nanoscale on-surface chemistry involved in these areas is important for establishing composition-structure-performance relationships.With the rapid development of tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(TERS),it has become possible to investigate physical and chemical processes on suitable surfaces at the nanoscale level and in real space.In this review,after a brief introduction of the background of onsurface chemistry and TERS,we systematically discuss the progress in the application of TERS in this field.Our focus is the applications of TERS to nanoscale coordination processes,decomposition reactions,polymerization processes,electrochemical reactions,catalytic chemistry,and functionalization chemistry on solid surfaces.We conclude by discussing the future challenges and development of TERS techniques and related applications in on-surface chemistry.展开更多
文摘Cellular heterogeneity is essential for the physiological functions of organisms,and precise interpretation of the relevant biological mechanisms involved requires accurate measurement of biomolecules,including DNA,RNA,proteins,and metabolites at the single-cell level.Cellular metabolites react most rapidly to environmental and biochemical changes such that their detection is a critical step in determining the physiological state of cells.However,their limited amounts,structural diversity,and significant content variation render single-cell metabolomics analysis technically challenging.Mass spectrometry,with its high sensitivity,good selectivity,and wide dynamic range,has been widely used in the single-cell analysis in recent years.In terms of ionization techniques,there are four main types of single-cell mass spectrometry methods:nano-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry,matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry,secondary ion mass spectrometry,and dielectric barrier discharge ionization mass spectrometry.In this mini review,the progress of single-cellmass spectrometrymethodologies and data processing strategies are summarized,and the future trends in single-cell mass spectrometry are outlined.
基金We acknowledge financial support from the ERC program(Grant No.741431-2DNanoSpec).
文摘Chemistry on solid surfaces is central to many research areas of practical interest,such as synthesis,catalysis,electrochemistry,photochemistry,and materials science.A comprehensive understanding of the nanoscale on-surface chemistry involved in these areas is important for establishing composition-structure-performance relationships.With the rapid development of tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(TERS),it has become possible to investigate physical and chemical processes on suitable surfaces at the nanoscale level and in real space.In this review,after a brief introduction of the background of onsurface chemistry and TERS,we systematically discuss the progress in the application of TERS in this field.Our focus is the applications of TERS to nanoscale coordination processes,decomposition reactions,polymerization processes,electrochemical reactions,catalytic chemistry,and functionalization chemistry on solid surfaces.We conclude by discussing the future challenges and development of TERS techniques and related applications in on-surface chemistry.
