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黄土高原北部风蚀区防风固沙服务时空分异及驱动因素 被引量:1
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作者 王金凤 刘小玲 +2 位作者 李庆 王仁德 王盛 《中国沙漠》 CSCD 北大核心 2023年第4期220-230,共11页
黄土高原北部是黄河流域土壤风蚀典型区,评估防风固沙服务对黄河流域生态安全屏障建设具有重要意义。基于京津风沙源治理工程效益评价中的风蚀模型估算黄土高原北部风蚀区固沙量,定量评估2000—2020年防风固沙服务,并结合土地利用、植... 黄土高原北部是黄河流域土壤风蚀典型区,评估防风固沙服务对黄河流域生态安全屏障建设具有重要意义。基于京津风沙源治理工程效益评价中的风蚀模型估算黄土高原北部风蚀区固沙量,定量评估2000—2020年防风固沙服务,并结合土地利用、植被覆盖度与气候变化分析其驱动机制。结果表明:(1)2000—2020年黄土高原北部风蚀区年均固沙量5.52亿t,年际变化总体呈减少趋势,平均变化率-0.12 t·hm^(-2)·a^(-1);而防风固沙服务保有率以每年0.50%的速率增加,研究区植被防风固沙服务增强。空间分布上榆林北部风沙区、宁夏东部风沙区、甘肃庆阳、毛乌素沙地中南部及沙地北部达拉特旗植被防风固沙服务有所增强。(2)草地是控制土壤风蚀、发挥防风固沙作用的主要土地利用类型。荒漠化逆转与退耕还草明显增强了防风固沙能力,草地退化将造成固沙服务显著减弱。(3)风速是引起黄土高原北部风蚀区防风固沙服务变化的主要驱动因子,植被恢复对库布齐沙漠和毛乌素沙地等关键区域的防风固沙起到了不可忽视的作用。 展开更多
关键词 防风固沙 防风固沙服务保有率 风蚀模型 黄土高原
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Comparison of winter wheat yield sensitivity to climate variables under irrigated and rain-fed conditions 被引量:4
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作者 Dengpan XIAO Yanjun SHEN +6 位作者 He ZHANG Juana P. MOIWO Yongqing QI rende wang Hongwei PEI Yucui ZHANG Huitao SHEN 《Frontiers of Earth Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2016年第3期444-454,共11页
Crop simulation models provide alternative, less time-consuming, and cost-effective means of deter- mining the sensitivity of crop yield to climate change. In this study, two dynamic mechanistic models, CERES (Crop E... Crop simulation models provide alternative, less time-consuming, and cost-effective means of deter- mining the sensitivity of crop yield to climate change. In this study, two dynamic mechanistic models, CERES (Crop Environment Resource Synthesis) and APSIM (Agricultural Production Systems Simulator), were used to simulate the yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under well irrigated (CFG) and rain-fed (YY) conditions in relation to different climate variables in the North China Plain (NCP). The study tested winter wheat yield sensitivity to different levels of temperature, radiation, precipitation, and atmospheric carbon dioxide (COa) concentration under CFG and YY conditions at Luancheng Agro-ecosystem Experimental Stations in the NCR The results from the CERES and APSIM wheat crop models were largely consistent and suggested that changes in climate variables influenced wheat grain yield in the NCR There was also significant variation in the sensitivity of winter wheat yield to climate variables under different water (CFG and YY) conditions. While a temperature increase of 2℃ was the threshold beyond which temperature negatively influenced wheat yield under CFG, a temperature rise exceeding 1℃ decreased winter wheat grain yield under YY. A decrease in solar radiation decreased wheat grain yield under both CFG and YY conditions. Although the sensitivity of winter wheat yield to precipitation was small under the CFG, yield decreased significantly with decreasing precipitation under the rain- fed YY treatment. The results also suggest that wheat yield under CFG linearly increased by ≈ 3.5% per 60 ppm (parts per million) increase in CO2 concentration from 380 to560ppm, and yield under YY increased linearly by ≈ 7.0% for the same increase in CO2 concentration. 展开更多
关键词 winter wheat yield sensitivity climate vari-ables crop model North China Plain
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Impact of thermal time shift on wheat phenology and yield under warming climate in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, China 被引量:2
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作者 Dengpan XIAO Yongqing QI +3 位作者 Zhiqiang LI rende wang Juana P. MOIWO Fengshan LIU 《Frontiers of Earth Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2017年第1期148-155,共8页
Given climate change can potentially influence crop phenology and subsequent yield, an investigation of relevant adaptation measures could increase the understanding and mitigation of these responses in the future. In... Given climate change can potentially influence crop phenology and subsequent yield, an investigation of relevant adaptation measures could increase the understanding and mitigation of these responses in the future. In this study, field observations at 10 stations in the Huang- Huai-Hai Plain of China (HHHP) are used in combination with the Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM)-Wheat model to determine the effect of thermal time shift on the phenology and potential yield of wheat from 1981-2009. Warming climate speeds up winter wheat development and thereby decreases the duration of the wheat growth period. However, APSIM-Wheat model simulation suggests prolongation of the period from flowering to maturity (Gr) of winter wheat by 0.2-0.8 d·10yr^-1 as the number of days by which maturity advances, which is less than that by which flowering advances. Based on computed thermal time of the two critical growth phases of wheat, total thermal time from floral initiation to flowering (TT_floral_initiation) increasesd in seven out of the 10 investigated stations. Altematively, total thermal time from the start of grainfilling to maturity (TT_start grain_fill) increased in all investigated stations, except Laiyang. It is thus concluded that thermal time shift during the past three decades (1981- 2009) prolongs Gr by 0.2-3.0 d·10yr^-1 in the study area. This suggests that an increase in thermal time (TT) of the wheat growth period is critical for mitigating the effect of growth period reduction due to warming climatic condition. Furthermore, climate change reduces potential yield of winter wheat in 80% of the stations by 2.3-58.8 kg·yr^-1. However, thermal time shift (TTS) increases potential yield of winter wheat in most of the stations by 3.0-51.0 Received September 16, 2015; accepted January 24, 2016 kg·yr^-1. It is concluded that wheat cultivars with longer growth periods and higher thermal requirements could mitigate the negative effects of warming climate on crop production in the study area. 展开更多
关键词 adaptation thermal time shift crop phenology winter wheat warming climate
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