Classification and reconstructive algorithm for nasal alar defect in Asians

Background:The nasal alar defect in Asians remains a challenging issue,as do clear classification and algorithm guidance,despite numerous previously described surgical techniques.The aim of this study is to propose a surgical algorithm that addresses the appropriate surgical procedures for different types of nasal alar defects in Asian patients.Methods:A retrospective case note review was conducted on 32 patients with nasal alar defect who underwent reconstruction between 2008 and 2022.Based on careful analysis and our clinical experience,we proposed a classification system for nasal alar defects and presented a reconstructive algorithm.Patient data,including age,sex,diagnosis,surgical options,and complications,were assessed.The extent of surgical scar formation was evaluated using standard photography based on a 4-grade scar scale.Results:Among the 32 patients,there were 20 males and 12 females with nasal alar defects.The predominant cause of trauma in China was industrial factors.The majority of alar defects were classified as type Ⅰ C(n=8,25%),comprising 18 cases(56.2%);there were 5 cases(15.6%)of type Ⅱ defect,7(21.9%)of type Ⅲ defect,and 2(6.3%)of type Ⅳ defect.The most common surgical option was auricular composite graft(n=8,25%),followed by bilobed flap(n=6,18.8%),free auricular composite flap(n=4,12.5%),and primary closure(n=3,9.4%).Satisfactory improvements were observed postoperatively.Conclusion:Factors contributing to classifications were analyzed and defined,providing a framework for the proposed classification system.The reconstructive algorithm offers surgeons appropriate procedures for treating nasal alar defect in Asians.

Abdominoplasty for Patients Who Underwent Surgical Weight Loss:Differences between the Asian and Western Populations and the Associated Controversies

Abdominal contour deformities pose an aesthetic challenge to patients with massive weight loss.This article reviews the similarities and differences in obesity between the Asian and Western populations.A comprehensive classification system combining the objective description of structural deformities with patients’discomfort or physical function is required to classify the abdominal contour deformities.The authors also proposed several controversial issues,including the classification of abdominal deformities,surgical techniques,and complications,providing an evidence-based review for selecting the appropriate surgical method for Asian patients to achieve satisfying clinical outcomes and avoid complications.

Versatility of 14-3-3 proteins and their roles in bone and joint-related diseases

Bone and joint-related diseases,including osteoarthritis(OA),rheumatoid arthritis(RA),and bone tumors,pose significant health challenges due to their debilitating effects on the musculoskeletal system.14-3-3 proteins,a family of conserved regulatory molecules,play a critical role in the pathology of these diseases.This review discusses the intricate structure and multifunctionality of 14-3-3 proteins,their regulation of signaling pathways,and their interactions with other proteins.We underscore the significance of 14-3-3 proteins in the regulation of osteoblasts,osteoclasts,chondrocytes,and bone remodeling,all key factors in the maintenance and dysfunction of bone and joint systems.Specific focus is directed toward elucidating the contribution of 14-3-3proteins in the pathology of OA,RA,and bone malignancies,where dysregulated 14-3-3-mediated signaling cascades have been implicated in the disease processes.This review illuminates how the perturbation of 14-3-3 protein interactions can lead to the pathological manifestations observed in these disorders,including joint destruction and osteolytic activity.We highlight cuttingedge research that positions 14-3-3 proteins as potential biomarkers for disease progression and as innovative therapeutic targets,offering new avenues for disease intervention and management.