中国延吉市和南朝鲜江华岛朝鲜族精神障碍终生患病率的比较研究

本文采用DIS-Ⅲ朝鲜文版诊断性面谈工具,按着美国流行学集合区域研究(ECA)方法在中国吉林省延吉市和南朝鲜江华岛以随机整群方法对朝鲜族分别进行了精神科流行学调查。延吉市样本为1532名,江华岛为1450名。精神障碍的终生患病率如下: (1) 居民终生患病率中频度最高的前三位是在江华岛,酒使用障碍(26.77％)、病理性赌博(6.28％)、焦虑症(5.95％);在中国,酒使用障碍(18.46％)、焦虑症(5.71％)、恐怖症(4.57％)。 (2) 两个地区的酒使用障碍皆为男性高于女性,男女两性之比:江华岛,49.4％比2.9％,延吉市,36.89％比0.12％。两个地区焦虑症和抑郁症患病率皆为女性高于男性,延吉市女性恐怖症高于男性。 (3) 患病率高峰:两个地区的焦虑症、抑郁性神经症患病率高峰见于高年龄组,在江华岛抑郁症、强迫症高峰见于低年龄组,精神发育迟滞高峰见于高年龄组;在延吉市病理性赌博高峰见于低年龄组,洒使用障碍、强迫症高峰见于高年龄组。 (4) 两个地区既婚者患病率高于未婚者。 (5) 两个地区高学历组的酒使用障碍患病率高,低学历组焦虑症患病率高;在江华岛抑郁性神经症和精神发育迟滞的患病率高峰见于低学历组。 (6) 除恐怖症、强迫症以外,其余精神障碍的患病率,在江华岛高于延吉市。 (7) 本文终身患病率与其他地区的ECA资料比较,除酒使用障碍以外。

Molecular biology of heart disease

Dr. Robert Roberts is currently Professor of Medicine and Director of the Ruddy Canadian Cardiovascular Genetics Centre along with being President and CEO of the University of Ottawa Heart Institute. Prior to this appointment, he was Chief of Cardiology for 23 years at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. His original research was in cardiac enzymology which led to the development of the MBCK test which was the standard diagnostic assay for myocardial infarction for more than 3 decades. In the late 1970s, his research interests switched to molecular biology and the genet- ics of cardiomyopathies. He is regarded as one of the founders of molecular cardiology and has identified and sequenced more than 20 genes responsible for cardiovascular disorders. In the past 6 years, he has pursued genome-wide association studies to identify genes predisposing to coronary artery disease (CAD) and myocardial infarction. The first genetic variant for CAD, 9p21, was identified by Dr. Robert’s laboratory and, in collaboration with the international consortium, CARDIoGRAM, has identified 13 novel genes for CAD.