Production of reactive oxygen species and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in rat isolated Kupffer cells stimulated by Leptospira interrogans and Borrelia burgdorfen

瞄准：为了评估反应的氧种类(ROS ) 和可诱导的氮的氧化物的表示的生产，在老鼠的 synthase (i NOS ) 孤立肾脏钩端螺旋体和包柔氏螺旋体属 burgdorferi 刺激的 Kupffer 房间(KC ) 。方法：老鼠 Kupffer 房间被肝的灌注用 0.05% 胶原酶分开，并且由 Percoll 坡度净化了。净化的 Kupffer 房间是有活着的 L 的测试在试管内。interogans 和 B。burgdorferi 准备。ROS 的生产被化合光决定，而 i NOS 蛋白质表达式被西方的污点试金用 anti-iNOS 抗体计算。结果：B。burgdorferi 并且到一更少的程度 L。interrogans 与一座山峰导致了 ROS 生产在感染以后的 35 min。化合光信号日益增多地减少了并且由孵化的 180 min 是无法发现的。Leptospirae 和 borreliae 在在 6 个小时达到顶点并且仍然是明显的 Kupffer 房间导致了增加的 i NOS 表情在感染以后的 22 h。结论：螺旋菌的两个类在老鼠 Kupffer 细胞导致了 ROS 和 i NOS 生产。自从在 leptospiral 以及在 borrelial 感染的肝损坏的原因，仍然是未知的，我们建议那螺旋体和肝的包柔氏螺旋体属损坏能被氧激进分子开始调停，并且然后被氮的氧化物部分地至少维持。

Chlamydia pneumoniae replicates in Kupffer cells in mouse model of liver infection

AIM: To develop an animal model of liver infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae (C. pneumoniae) in intraperito-neally infected mice for studying the presence of chlamy-diae in Kupffer cells and hepatocytes.METHODS: A total of 80 BALB/c mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with C. pneumoniae and sacrificed at various time points after infection. Chlamydiae were looked for in liver homogenates as well as in Kupffer cells and hepatocytes separated by liver perfusion with collagenase. C. pneumoniae was detected by both isola-tion in LLC-MK2 cells and fluorescence in situ hybridiza-tion (FISH). The releasing of TNFA-α by C. pneumoniae in vitro stimulated Kupffer cells was studied by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS: C. pneumoniae isolation from liver homoge-nates reached a plateau on d 7 after infection when 6 of 10 animals were positive, then decreased, and became negative by d 20. C. pneumoniae isolation from sepa-rated Kupffer cells reached a plateau on d 7 when 5 of 10 animals were positive, and became negative by d 20. The detection of C. pneumoniae in separated Kupffer cells by FISH, confirmed the results obtained by culture. Isolated hepatocytes were always negative. Stimula-tion of Kupffer cells by alive C. pneumoniae elicited high TNF-α levels. CONCLUSION: A productive infection by C. pneumo-niae may take place in Kupffer cells and C. pneumoniae induces a local pro-inflammatory activity. C. pneumoniae is therefore, able to act as antigenic stimulus when local-ized in the liver. One could speculate that C. pneumoniaeinfection, involving cells of the innate immunity such as Kupffer cells, could also trigger pathological immune re-actions involving the liver, as observed in human patients with primary biliary cirrhosis.