Implications of oral biofilms in medically at risk persons

There is the need to understand the composition of oral biofilms so that appropriate preventive and treatment regimens, including using appropriate antimicrobials, can be developed further. Additionally, when the systemic effects from specific microorganisms in oral biofilms are better understood, more targeted preventive treatment options may be recommended for persons at high risk for potential systemic diseases such as cardiovascular dis- ease, and for aspiration pneumonia. Hence, the possible association between periodontopathic microorganisms, and also between cariogenic microorganisms in high caries risk persons, and systemic diseases requires further re- search involving metagenomic and large well-designed clinical studies. Effective preventive oral care is important for reducing potential systemic diseases.

牙髓病患牙:治疗,拔除,种植?(英文)

对于一个牙髓病患牙的治疗,可以是根管治疗术加充填修复的传统方法,可以是拔除。拔除后既可采用种植体支持的单冠牙修复,也可以采用固定或活动义齿的修复。究竟选择哪一种治疗方案,取决于患牙部位的许多具体情况,整个口腔的状况以及与患者,医生相关因素。确定治疗方案还应综合考虑远期保存率,成功率,成本-效益,成本-效果等。大量近期文献较为一致的观点是:如果可能的话,根管治疗术加充填修复的传统方法是首选方案。这种治疗方案在日后需要的时候也能改为其他方案。需要复杂治疗,且预后不好的牙齿可考虑拔除。拔除后可以采用种植体支持的单冠牙修复,也可采用2个或3个单位的义齿修复。选择治疗方案时要考虑到近、远期效果,修复体的日常维护以及各种方案所需的费用。这些都必须充分地告知患者。牙科医生在治疗方案的选择时,切忌只考虑经济效益。