米非司酮配伍米索前列醇终止8～16周妊娠效果观察

目的观察米非司酮配伍米索前列醇不同给药方式对终止8～16周妊娠的临床效果。方法选取2015年10月—2017年2月我院所接收的妊娠8～16周要求终止妊娠患者90例作为研究对象。根据给药方式不同,将其随机分为口服给药组(K组)和经阴道给药组(J组),每组各45例,两组均无药物流产禁忌,均口服米非司酮100 mg每天一次,口服给药组患者口服米索前列醇,经阴道给药组患者米索前列醇放置阴道后穹窿,观察两组药物流产效果及不良反应。结果口服给药组完全流产率(88.9%)高于经阴道给药组(77.8%),不良反应发生率(20.0%)高于经阴道给药组(11.1%),组间各数据比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论米非司酮配伍米索前列醇对于妊娠8～16周药物流产时采用口服给药方式优于阴道后穹窿给药方式,但不良反应发生率高于阴道后穹窿给药方式。

煤矿井下人员跟踪管理系统研究

针对监测煤矿井下人员安全问题,设计了一种基于物联网的煤矿井下人员跟踪管理系统,该系统可对煤矿井下人员进行精度定位并能实时监测其身体状况和周围环境。该系统由移动节点、信标节点、集中器节点和监控平台组成,利用改进的接收信号强度指示器(RSSI)定位算法进行人员定位,将无线传感网络和井下工业以太网相结合进行数据传输,可实时显示煤矿井下人员位置、身体状况、周围环境、下井时间等信息,还具有实时报警、远程控制等功能。实验结果表明,该系统实现简单、计算量小、定位精度高,适用于煤矿井下人员安全监测管理。

基于卡尔曼滤波的TPSN时钟同步算法

无线传感网络中,很多应用都依赖于节点间的时钟同步。针对节点的时钟偏移和时钟偏移率导致的时钟不同步的问题,提出了一种基于卡尔曼滤波的TPSN时钟同步算法。该算法利用卡尔曼滤波算法对TPSN时钟同步协议中的时钟偏移和时钟偏移率进行估计,使用该估计值对节点的时钟进行修正。该算法可有效消除时钟偏差的测量噪声、补偿时钟偏差,使得节点得到更精确的时钟同步。仿真结果表明,较传统的TPSN时钟同步算法,所提算法的时钟同步精度更高,性能更好。

基于综合能力培养的环境工程实验教学设计

指出了传统的实验教学多偏重于学生实验操作能力的培养,而忽视了其他方面能力的培养。从实验目的和内容、实验原理、实验仪器试剂、实验步骤和操作、实验结果和评价等各个教学环节对环境工程实验进行教学设计,以期充分调动学生的自学能力和学习积极性,培养环境工程专业本科生的综合实验能力。

基于SWAT模型的晋江西溪流域绿水管理措施效益成本分析

[目的]计算晋江西溪流域4种绿水管理措施的效益和成本,为西溪流域生态治理提供新的参考模式,为完善水资源管理机制提供借鉴。[方法]以晋江西溪流域为研究区,运用SWAT模型对石陇、梯田、等高耕作、地表覆盖4种绿水管理措施进行了情景模拟,计算了4种措施在增加绿水、水土保持、水质保护、农业增收等方面的效益,并对每种措施进行了效益成本分析。[结果](1)石陇、梯田、等高耕作3种绿水管理措施的效益成本比分别为19.52,13.03,6.98,都远大于1,非常适合在西溪流域推广应用,3种措施的平均效益成本比为10.18。流域实施3种措施的年均成本为3.97×10~6元,年均效益为4.05×10~7元。(2)地表覆盖的效益成本比仅为0.63,目前不适合在研究区推广应用。[结论]石陇、梯田、等高耕作的环境与经济效益较好,有较好的应用前景;今后应进一步探索降低地表覆盖成本的技术,同时辅以适当的政府补贴,以利于该绿水管理措施在研究区的推广。

菌渣与麦秸厌氧消化产气潜能研究

为了帮助企业处理菌渣厌氧消化产沼气的问题,试验采用菌渣与麦秸共发酵的方式,结合现有处理工序,重点考察不同原料配比及消化温度对产气的影响。试验结果表明:相同消化温度下,不同物料的混合比例对产气结果的影响有所不同。单一菌渣累积产气量和容积产气率较低,但单位有机质产气率高,说明菌渣作为底物用于厌氧消化产沼是可行的;随着麦秸的添加比例增大,各组累积产气量和容积产气率有不同程度的增加,厌氧消化时间有所提前。综合各项产气结果,当菌渣与麦秸比例为1∶1,消化温度为35℃时产气性能最佳。该项研究结果可为企业菌渣资源化处理及提高产气效率提供基础参数。

高校环境工程专业实验教学安全隐患与预防措施

根据目前高校环境工程专业实验教学的现状,分析了实验教学与实验室管理过程中存在的安全隐患,并从完善实验室硬件配置、加强高温高压设备管理、规范试剂使用、加强危险废弃物管理、完善安全管理制度、强化安全意识等六个方面,提出了增强环境工程实验教学安全性的措施,以便更好的保障实验师生的人身安全与实验室的财产安全,为实验教学的安全进行提供借鉴。

Accumulation Laws of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Wetland Plants

To study the accumulation regularity of nitrogen and phosphorus in typical constructive plants in coastal wetland,samples of Suaeda glauca(Bunge) Bunge,Phragmites austrahs and Tamarix chinensis Lour,were taken from the Yellow River Delta National Coast Wetland Nature Reserve,nitrogen and phosphorus content in plants was measured and analyzed.The results showed that ① nitrogen and phosphorus content in different wetland plants is correlated;② different species in the same place and the same species in different spaces show different accumulation regularity of nitrogen and phosphorus;③ nitrogen and phosphorus content in plants is closely related to nitrogen and phosphorus content in the habitat;④ nitrogen content in T.chinensis Lour,is the highest,the mean is 11.63 g/kg,and phosphorus content in S glauca(Bunge) Bunge is the highest,the mean is 1.38 g/kg;⑤ nitrogen content in the 3 species:T.chinensis Lour.> S.glauca(Bunge) Bunge > P.australis;⑥ nitrogen content in aboveground parts of all plants is significantly higher than that in underground parts,and phosphorus content in aboveground parts of all plants except S.glauca(Bunge) Bunge is significantly higher than that in underground parts;⑦ nitrogen content in the 3 species in the study area is significantly higher than phosphorus content in these species.

黄河三角洲农业面源磷污染时空分布研究

搜集黄河三角洲地区农业面源磷污染的相关统计数据,研究了2011~2017年黄河三角洲农业面源磷污染的时空分布规律。结果表明,黄河三角洲的农业面源磷污染总量从2011年的5.03万吨变为2017年的5.07万吨,7年平均为5.06万吨,其中最大值为2016年的5.44万吨,最小值为2014年的4.63万吨。农业面源磷污染的来源组成中化肥、畜禽粪便、生活污水所占比重分别从2011年的85.07%、11.92%、3.01%变为2017年的93.53%、3.54%、2.93%。2017年惠民县、广饶县、邹平市的面源磷污染总量与单位面积面源磷污染都分别居第一至第三位。滨州市、东营市的7年平均面源磷污染负荷分别为2.85万吨、2.21万吨。

新常态下面向就业的环境工程专业教学改革探索

在新常态下为了更好地面向就业需求,针对环境工程专业教学中存在的实验教学未能充分体现就业需求、缺乏面向区域就业需求的特色等问题,提出了更加适应就业需求的教学改革举措。改革内容主要包括:根据就业需求优化专业选修课,加强实验实践能力培养,鼓励学生考取水环境检测工等职业证书,加强双师型教师的培养,探索面向就业需求的校企合作培养方式,加强教学改革的保障和应用等。通过就业需求导向型的教学改革,环境工程专业能更好地满足就业需求,地方本科院校的环境工程人才培养能更好地为地方经济的可持续发展服务。

Fractal Analysis on the Spatial Structure of Land Use Patterns in a Non-Point Source Polluted Area in Southern China

Based on the TM remote sensing interpretation of land use data of a non-point source polluted area in southern China in 2015, supported by ArcGIS and the fractal theory, this paper established the perimeter-area fractal equation of the spatial structure of land use types, quantitatively calculated the fractal dimension and stability index of various land use types in this non-point source polluted area in 2015, and analyzed the spatial structure characteristics of land use types. The results showed that the fractal dimension values of the different land use types in the research area ranged 1.141–1.657, and the whole fractal dimension of the research area was 1.206. To be specific, the fractal dimension values of unused land, grass land and rural residential land were high, and the fractal dimension values of dry land, paddy filed and waters were low, and the fractal dimension values of urban land, industrial traffic construction land and forest land were moderate. The area of the land use types whose stability index values were 0.2–0.4 accounted for 89.5% of total area, suggesting that the stability of the spatial structure of land use types of Beibei District in 2015 was not high generally. The rural residential land and urban land of the research area should be planned and managed more properly from now on.

Impacts of Climate Change on Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Runoff and Sediment Yield in Xixi Watershed of Jinjiang Basin

Based on meteorologic data in Xixi Watershed from 1972 to 1979, the SWAT model was applied to simulate the response of runoff and sediment yield in Xixi Watershed to climate change under 24 kinds of climate change scenarios, and then the spatial and temporal distribution of change rates of the runoff and sediment were analyzed. The results showed that the runoff yield would increase with the increase of precipitation or decrease of temperature, and the sediment yield would increase with the increase of precipitation or increase of temperature; the runoff would be more sensitive to variations in precipitation than to variations in temperature, and precipitation change would lead to more obvious change in the run- off yield; the temporal distribution of change rates of the runoff and sediment yield would be uneven in the 12 months, and the variation trends of the two change rates in the 12 months would be accordant; the spatial distribution of change rates of the runoff and sediment yield would be uneven in the sub-watersheds, and the change rate of the runoff yield would be bigger in the sub-watersheds where the runoff yield in the basic period would be smaller. This study can provide decision-making basis for sustainable development of Jinjiang Basin.

Hazardous and Harmful Factors on Construction Sites and Their Prevention

In this paper, the status quo of safety production on construction sites and the hazardous and harmful factors in the construction process were analyzed, and corresponding suggestions were proposed to make up for the shortcomings of the safety production assurance system standards on construction sites.

Effect of Different Remediators on the Control of Phosphorus Release from Landscape River Sediments

In this paper,different chemicals were added to sediments to control phosphorus release from river sediments by means of different dosing methods,thus reducing the concentration of organic pollutants in overlying water.Two remediators,aluminum sulfate and ferric chloride,were respectively added to six groups of experimental samples in three different covering methods,namely injection,mixing and tiling,and a control group was set up.The results showed that at the initially stationary phase of the experiment,the control effect of phosphorus release from sediments of mixing of aluminum sulfate was the most obvious,followed by tiling and injection into the mud;at the finally stationary phase of the experiment,the control effect of phosphorus release from sediments of injection of aluminum sulfate was the most obvious,followed by mixing and tiling.Under the same coverage,the inhibition effect of aluminum sulfate was more obvious than that of ferric chloride.This paper undertook research into the control effect of phosphorus release from sediments to provide a reference point for the control of water eutrophication in the days to come.

Geological Disaster Evaluation of the Xixi Watershed of the Jinjiang River Based on the Coupling of Landscape and Multiple Factors

Six evaluation factors were selected to evaluate the susceptibility level of the Xixi Watershed to geological disasters such as collapse and landslide, namely formation lithology, rainfall, gradient, aspect, vegetation and buffer zone. The results showed that Longmen Town, Gongqiao Town, Lianhua Town, and Chengxiang Town in the lower reaches of the Xixi Watershed were more susceptible to geological disasters in case of rainstorm because of the easily-collapsed formation lithology; riverbank erosion by runoff was enhanced during rainstorm, thus both sides of the rivers in Chengxiang Town at the estuary of the Xixi Watershed were most susceptible to geological disasters; in case of rainstorm, geological disaster monitoring in location areas of Longmen Town, Guanqiao Town, Lianhua Town, Chengxiang Town in the lower reaches, particularly trunk streams in Chengxiang Town, should be enhanced. By evaluating environmental geo-disasters of the Xixi Watershed, the blank in the environmental geo-disaster evaluation of the local area will be filled in, and scientific support will be provided for the future prevention of environmental geodisaster.

Effects of Soil Salinity on Microbial Biomass Nitrogen of Landscape Soil

Soil salinization can limit the development of agriculture in the Yellow River Delta.In this paper,saline and alkaline farmland in the Yellow River Delta was chosen as the research object,and effects of soil salinity on soil microbial biomass nitrogen(SMBN) under different conditions were investigated to study the response of soil nitrogen turnover to salt stress.There were four salinity gradients(S1:0.1%;S2:0.5%;S3:0.9%;S4:1.3%),and four substrates were added to the soil.The results showed that after the addition of various substrates,SMBN in treatments with high soil salinity(S3 and S4) was obviously lower than that in treatments with low soil salinity(S1 and S2).In comparison with treatment S1,the average of SMBN in treatments S3 and S4 decreased by 35.8% and 46.7% respectively when there was no substrate added to them;it declined by 55.6% and 56.1% respectively as the carbon source was added to them;it reduced by 24.6% and 28.3% when the nitrogen source was added to them;it dropped by 43.8% and 57.0% respectively as the carbon and nitrogen source were added to them.Compared with treatments without substrates,the addition of the nitrogen source could not improve SMBN;the addition of the carbon source or carbon and nitrogen source could enhance SMBN obviously,and it increased by 60.9% and 66.1%(or 110.8% and 140.2%) in treatments with low soil salinity(S1 and S2),while it changed slightly in treatments with high soil salinity(S3 and S4).In order to increase SMBN,it is needed to apply organic fertilizer or chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer to maintain or improve soil fertility.

老年女性无症状颈动脉粥样硬化患者不稳定斑块的影响因素

目的探究老年女性无症状颈动脉粥样硬化患者不稳定斑块的影响因素。方法通过便利抽样法进行回顾性分析,选取2020年6月~2021年12月体检的128例老年女性无症状颈动脉粥样硬化患者为研究对象,根据患者斑块稳定情况分为不稳定组(36例)和稳定组(92例)。通过单因素和二元logistic回归分析对影响患者斑块不稳定的相关因素进行统计学分析,并通过受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线对影响斑块不稳定的因素进行预测价值分析。结果两组总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、TC/HDL-C、斑块部位比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。二元logistic回归分析显示,TC/HDL-C、斑块部位是影响老年女性无症状颈动脉粥样硬化患者斑块不稳定的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,TC/HDL-C、斑块部位预测颈动脉不稳定斑块的曲线下面积分别为0.731(95%CI:0.623-0.894)和0.595(95%CI:0.509~0.747)。结论TC/HDL-C,斑块部位是影响老年女性无症状颈动脉粥样硬化患者斑块不稳定的重要因素,对不稳定斑块具有一定的预测价值。

Analysis of Road Traffic Noise Pollution around a University in Binzhou

The number of automobiles in the urban area of Binzhou City continues to increase,and traffic noise pollution is increasingly serious. In this study,noise pollution on Huanghe 5 Road near the south gate of Binzhou University was monitored. The results showed that the road noise pollution on Huanghe 5 Road was relatively serious on the whole,especially in the peak periods of traffic flow in the morning and afternoon,because the increase in the number of pedestrians brought inconvenience to traffic,thereby resulting in an increase in car whistle.

浅析委内瑞拉输变电项目设计与国内的差异

中国企业以总承包方的身份大举进军海外基础设施市场,为以电力设计为主要业务的设计院提供了更为广阔的平台,但是面对海外市场的水土不服,国外输变电设计与国内具有多个不同。以一个委内瑞拉输变电工程为例,对设计差异进行了说明。

粉末高温合金热挤压工艺研究进展

概述了欧美国家粉末高温合金热挤压工艺的发展历程与应用情况,阐述了我国粉末高温合金热挤压工艺的研究进展,介绍了René95、René88DT和FGH4096合金的挤压工艺参数选取原则,重点分析了挤压工艺参数(挤压比、挤压速度、挤压温度等)对粉末高温合金挤压成形及组织性能的影响规律,阐明了热挤压过程中粉末高温合金非金属夹杂物的演变行为。