Gastric cancer(GC) is the third leading cause of cancerrelated death worldwide.In areas of high prevalence,such as Japan,South Korea and China,most cases of GC are related to Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori),which involv...Gastric cancer(GC) is the third leading cause of cancerrelated death worldwide.In areas of high prevalence,such as Japan,South Korea and China,most cases of GC are related to Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori),which involves well-characterized sequential stages,including infection,atrophic gastritis,intestinal metaplasia,dysplasia,and GC.Mucins are the most abundant highmolecular-weight glycoproteins in mucus,which is the first line of defense and plays a major role in blocking pathogenic factors.Normal gastric mucosa shows expression of MUC1,MUC5 AC and MUC6 that is specific to cell type.However,the specific pattern of MUC1,MUC5 AC and MUC6 expression is changed in gastric carcinogenesis,accompanied by de novo expression of secreted MUC2.Recent studies have provided evidence that variations in these mucin genes affect many steps of GC development,such as H.pylori infection,and gastric precancerous lesions.In this review,we focus on studies of the association between polymorphisms in mucin genes and development of GC.This information should be helpful for the early detection,surveillance,and treatment of GC.展开更多
We investigate photon coalescence in a lossy non-Hermitian system and study a dynamic device modeled by a beam splitter with an extra intrinsic phase term added in the transformation matrix,with which the device is a ...We investigate photon coalescence in a lossy non-Hermitian system and study a dynamic device modeled by a beam splitter with an extra intrinsic phase term added in the transformation matrix,with which the device is a lossy non-Hermitian linear system.The two-photon interference behavior is altered accordingly since this extra intrinsic phase affects the unitary of transformation and the coalescence of the incoming photons.We calculate the coincidence between two single-photon pulses,considering the interferometric phase between two pulses and the extra intrinsic phase as the tunable parameters.The extra phase turns the famous Hong–Ou–Mandel dip into a bump,with the visibility dependent on both the interferometric phase and the extra phase.展开更多
The intratumoral microbiome(TM)refers to the microorganisms in the tumor tissues,including bacteria,fungi,viruses,and so on,and is distinct from the gut microbiome and circulating microbiota.TM is strongly associated ...The intratumoral microbiome(TM)refers to the microorganisms in the tumor tissues,including bacteria,fungi,viruses,and so on,and is distinct from the gut microbiome and circulating microbiota.TM is strongly associated with tumorigenesis,progression,metastasis,and response to therapy.This paper highlights the current status of TM.Tract sources,adjacent normal tissue,circulatory system,and concomitant tumor co-metastasis are the main origin of TM.The advanced techniques in TM analysis are comprehensively summarized.Besides,TMis involved in tumor progression through several mechanisms,including DNA damage,activation of oncogenic signaling pathways(phosphoinositide 3-kinase[PI3K],signal transducer and activator of transcription[STAT],WNT/β-catenin,and extracellular regulated protein kinases[ERK]),influence of cytokines and induce inflammatory responses,and interaction with the tumor microenvironment(anti-tumor immunity,pro-tumor immunity,and microbial-derived metabolites).Moreover,promising directions of TM in tumor therapy include immunotherapy,chemotherapy,radiotherapy,the application of probiotics/prebiotics/synbiotics,fecal microbiome transplantation,engineered microbiota,phage therapy,and oncolytic virus therapy.The inherent challenges of clinical application are also summarized.This review provides a comprehensive landscape for analyzing TM,especially the TM-related mechanisms and TM-based treatment in cancer.展开更多
Lead-free perovskite Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)manifests great potential in developing high-performance,environmentally friendly,solution-processable photodetectors(PDs).However,due to the relatively large energy bandgap,the sp...Lead-free perovskite Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)manifests great potential in developing high-performance,environmentally friendly,solution-processable photodetectors(PDs).However,due to the relatively large energy bandgap,the spectrum responses of Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)PDs are limited to the ultraviolet and visible region with wavelengths shorter than 560 nm.In this work,a broadband Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)PD covering the ultraviolet,visible,and near infrared(NIR)range is demonstrated by incorporating titanium nitride(TiN)nanoparticles that are prepared with the assistance of self-assembled polystyrene sphere array.In addition,an atomically thick Al2O3layer is introduced at the interface between the Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)film and TiN nanoparticles to alleviate the dark current deterioration caused by nanoparticle incorporation.As a result,beyond the spectrum range where Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)absorbs light,the external quantum efficiency(EQE)of the TiN nanoparticle incorporated Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)PD is enhanced significantly compared with that of the control,displaying enhancement factors as high as 2000 over a broadband NIR wavelength range.The demonstrated enhancement in EQE arises from the photocurrent contribution of plasmonic hot holes injected from TiN nanoparticles into Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6).This work promotes the development of broadband solution-processable perovskite PDs,providing a promising strategy for realizing photodetection in the NIR region.展开更多
具有低温升的高效散热方案是实现电泵浦激光的关键因素之一.高导热金刚石有望克服钙钛矿激光的散热限制.本文中,我们展示了一种可以将光泵浦过程中产生热量高效耗散的金刚石基底钙钛矿纳米片激光.此外,紧密光学束缚可以通过在纳米片和...具有低温升的高效散热方案是实现电泵浦激光的关键因素之一.高导热金刚石有望克服钙钛矿激光的散热限制.本文中,我们展示了一种可以将光泵浦过程中产生热量高效耗散的金刚石基底钙钛矿纳米片激光.此外,紧密光学束缚可以通过在纳米片和金刚石基底之间引入一层薄SiO_(2)间隔层而实现.该激光的品质因子高达~1962,激光阈值为52.19μJ cm^(-2).受益于金刚石基底,其泵浦能量密度相关温度灵敏度较低(~0.56±0.01 K cm~2μJ^(-1)).本工作有望促进电泵浦钙钛矿激光的发展.展开更多
MAPbI_(3)perovskite has attracted widespread interests for developing low-cost near infrared semiconductor gain media.However,it faces the instability issue under operation conditions,which remains a critical challeng...MAPbI_(3)perovskite has attracted widespread interests for developing low-cost near infrared semiconductor gain media.However,it faces the instability issue under operation conditions,which remains a critical challenge.It is found that the instability of the MAPbI_(3)nanoplatelet laser comes from the thermal-induced degradation progressing from the surface defects towards neighboring regions.By using PbI_(2) passivation,the defect-initiated degradation is significantly suppressed and the nanoplatelet degrades in a layer-by-layer way,enabling the MAPbI_(3)laser to sustain for 4500 s(2.7×10^(7) pulses),which is nearly three times longer than that of the nanoplatelet laser without passivation.Meanwhile,the PbI_(2) passivated MAPbI_(3)nanoplatelet laser with the nanoplatelet cavity displays a maximum quality factor up to∼7800,the highest reported for all MAPbI_(3)nanoplatelet cavities.Furthermore,a high stability MAPbI_(3)nanoplatelet laser that can last for 8500 s(5.1×10^(7) pulses)is demonstrated based on a dual passivation strategy,by retarding the defect-initiated degradation and surface-initiated degradation simultaneously.This work provides in-depth insights for understanding the operating degradation of perovskite lasers,and the dual passivation strategy paves the way for developing high stability near infrared semiconductor laser media.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30960169 and No.81250024Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia,No.2011MS1103Inner Mongolian Committee of Science and Technology,China,No.20110501
文摘Gastric cancer(GC) is the third leading cause of cancerrelated death worldwide.In areas of high prevalence,such as Japan,South Korea and China,most cases of GC are related to Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori),which involves well-characterized sequential stages,including infection,atrophic gastritis,intestinal metaplasia,dysplasia,and GC.Mucins are the most abundant highmolecular-weight glycoproteins in mucus,which is the first line of defense and plays a major role in blocking pathogenic factors.Normal gastric mucosa shows expression of MUC1,MUC5 AC and MUC6 that is specific to cell type.However,the specific pattern of MUC1,MUC5 AC and MUC6 expression is changed in gastric carcinogenesis,accompanied by de novo expression of secreted MUC2.Recent studies have provided evidence that variations in these mucin genes affect many steps of GC development,such as H.pylori infection,and gastric precancerous lesions.In this review,we focus on studies of the association between polymorphisms in mucin genes and development of GC.This information should be helpful for the early detection,surveillance,and treatment of GC.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11674100 and 11654005)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(Grant No.16ZR1448200)the Shanghai Rising-Star Program(Grant No.17QA1401300).
文摘We investigate photon coalescence in a lossy non-Hermitian system and study a dynamic device modeled by a beam splitter with an extra intrinsic phase term added in the transformation matrix,with which the device is a lossy non-Hermitian linear system.The two-photon interference behavior is altered accordingly since this extra intrinsic phase affects the unitary of transformation and the coalescence of the incoming photons.We calculate the coincidence between two single-photon pulses,considering the interferometric phase between two pulses and the extra intrinsic phase as the tunable parameters.The extra phase turns the famous Hong–Ou–Mandel dip into a bump,with the visibility dependent on both the interferometric phase and the extra phase.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:82372943,82303610Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:2022JJ20095+4 种基金Hunan Youth Science and Technology Talent Project,Grant/Award Number:2023RC3074China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,Grant/Award Number:2023MD734131Chongqing Postdoctoral Science Foundation,Grant/Award Number:CSTB2023NSCQBHX0002Kuanren Talents Program of the second affiliated hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing Postdoctoral Research Special Funding Project,Grant/Award Number:2023CQBSHTB3095。
文摘The intratumoral microbiome(TM)refers to the microorganisms in the tumor tissues,including bacteria,fungi,viruses,and so on,and is distinct from the gut microbiome and circulating microbiota.TM is strongly associated with tumorigenesis,progression,metastasis,and response to therapy.This paper highlights the current status of TM.Tract sources,adjacent normal tissue,circulatory system,and concomitant tumor co-metastasis are the main origin of TM.The advanced techniques in TM analysis are comprehensively summarized.Besides,TMis involved in tumor progression through several mechanisms,including DNA damage,activation of oncogenic signaling pathways(phosphoinositide 3-kinase[PI3K],signal transducer and activator of transcription[STAT],WNT/β-catenin,and extracellular regulated protein kinases[ERK]),influence of cytokines and induce inflammatory responses,and interaction with the tumor microenvironment(anti-tumor immunity,pro-tumor immunity,and microbial-derived metabolites).Moreover,promising directions of TM in tumor therapy include immunotherapy,chemotherapy,radiotherapy,the application of probiotics/prebiotics/synbiotics,fecal microbiome transplantation,engineered microbiota,phage therapy,and oncolytic virus therapy.The inherent challenges of clinical application are also summarized.This review provides a comprehensive landscape for analyzing TM,especially the TM-related mechanisms and TM-based treatment in cancer.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A20496,62174117,12104334,62205235)Key Research and Development Program of Shanxi Province(202102150101007)+5 种基金Fund Program for the Scientific Activities of Selected Returned Overseas Professionals in Shanxi Province(20230011)Research Program Supported by Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering(2021SX-FR008,2022SX-TD020)Central Government Guides Local Funds for Scientific and TechnologicalDevelopment(YDZJSX20231A010,YDZJSX2021A012)Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(20210302123154,20210302123169)Research Project Supported by Shanxi Scholarship Council of China(2021-033)State Key Laboratory Program of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices(KF202306)。
文摘Lead-free perovskite Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)manifests great potential in developing high-performance,environmentally friendly,solution-processable photodetectors(PDs).However,due to the relatively large energy bandgap,the spectrum responses of Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)PDs are limited to the ultraviolet and visible region with wavelengths shorter than 560 nm.In this work,a broadband Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)PD covering the ultraviolet,visible,and near infrared(NIR)range is demonstrated by incorporating titanium nitride(TiN)nanoparticles that are prepared with the assistance of self-assembled polystyrene sphere array.In addition,an atomically thick Al2O3layer is introduced at the interface between the Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)film and TiN nanoparticles to alleviate the dark current deterioration caused by nanoparticle incorporation.As a result,beyond the spectrum range where Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)absorbs light,the external quantum efficiency(EQE)of the TiN nanoparticle incorporated Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)PD is enhanced significantly compared with that of the control,displaying enhancement factors as high as 2000 over a broadband NIR wavelength range.The demonstrated enhancement in EQE arises from the photocurrent contribution of plasmonic hot holes injected from TiN nanoparticles into Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6).This work promotes the development of broadband solution-processable perovskite PDs,providing a promising strategy for realizing photodetection in the NIR region.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A20496,61922060,61775156,61805172,12104334,62174117,and 61905173)the Key Research and Development Program of Shanxi Province(202102150101007)+5 种基金Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering Program(2022SX-TD020)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(20210302123154 and 20210302123169)the Research Project Supported by Shanxi Scholarship Council of China(2021-033)the Research Project Supported by Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering(2021SXFR008)the Introduction of Talents Special Project of Lvliang City(Rc2020206 and Rc2020207)support from China Scholarship Council(202006935009)。
文摘具有低温升的高效散热方案是实现电泵浦激光的关键因素之一.高导热金刚石有望克服钙钛矿激光的散热限制.本文中,我们展示了一种可以将光泵浦过程中产生热量高效耗散的金刚石基底钙钛矿纳米片激光.此外,紧密光学束缚可以通过在纳米片和金刚石基底之间引入一层薄SiO_(2)间隔层而实现.该激光的品质因子高达~1962,激光阈值为52.19μJ cm^(-2).受益于金刚石基底,其泵浦能量密度相关温度灵敏度较低(~0.56±0.01 K cm~2μJ^(-1)).本工作有望促进电泵浦钙钛矿激光的发展.
基金Science and Technology Innovation Commission of Shenzhen(JCYJ20170811093453105,JCYJ20170818141519879)Shenzhen Nanshan District Pilotage Team Program(LHTD20170006)+5 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2018A030313401)Platform and Base Special Project of Shanxi Province(201805D131012-3)Henry Fok Education Foundation Young Teachers FundKey Research and Development(International Cooperation)Program of Shanxi Province(201803D421044)Transformation Cultivation Project of University Scientific and Technological Achievements of Shanxi Province(2020CG013)National Natural Science Foundation of China(61775156YC,61922060YC,61961136001ZH)。
文摘MAPbI_(3)perovskite has attracted widespread interests for developing low-cost near infrared semiconductor gain media.However,it faces the instability issue under operation conditions,which remains a critical challenge.It is found that the instability of the MAPbI_(3)nanoplatelet laser comes from the thermal-induced degradation progressing from the surface defects towards neighboring regions.By using PbI_(2) passivation,the defect-initiated degradation is significantly suppressed and the nanoplatelet degrades in a layer-by-layer way,enabling the MAPbI_(3)laser to sustain for 4500 s(2.7×10^(7) pulses),which is nearly three times longer than that of the nanoplatelet laser without passivation.Meanwhile,the PbI_(2) passivated MAPbI_(3)nanoplatelet laser with the nanoplatelet cavity displays a maximum quality factor up to∼7800,the highest reported for all MAPbI_(3)nanoplatelet cavities.Furthermore,a high stability MAPbI_(3)nanoplatelet laser that can last for 8500 s(5.1×10^(7) pulses)is demonstrated based on a dual passivation strategy,by retarding the defect-initiated degradation and surface-initiated degradation simultaneously.This work provides in-depth insights for understanding the operating degradation of perovskite lasers,and the dual passivation strategy paves the way for developing high stability near infrared semiconductor laser media.
