腹腔镜结直肠癌手术对患者高凝状态及免疫功能的影响

目的研究腹腔镜和开腹手术对结直肠癌患者高凝状态及免疫功能的影响。方法收集2013年2月-2015年8月该院行结直肠癌手术的121例患者作为研究对象。其中行腹腔镜下手术73例(腹腔镜组),行开腹手术48例(开腹组);比较两组手术前后高凝状态指标D-二聚体(D-D)、凝血酶原片段_(1+2)(F_(1+2))、蛋白C(Pro-C)和细胞免疫指标CD3^+、CD4^+及CD8^+。结果与同组术前比较,术后开腹组CD3^+呈下降趋势(t=-7.419,P=0.000),而腹腔镜组CD3^+无变化(t=-0.218,P=0.901);与开腹组术后比较,腹腔镜组术后D-D值呈升高趋势(t=2.312,P=0.018),Pro-C值无变化(t=0.180,P=0.941)、F_(1+2)与CD4^+值降低幅度较小(t=3.827和5.930,P=0.000和0.008)、CD8^+值升高幅度缓慢(t=-9.094,P=0.000)。结论腹腔镜手术是结直肠癌治疗的有效手术方式,但容易造成血液高凝状态,围手术期间应采取必要的预防措施。

Broadband orange-emitting Sr_(3)Si_(8)O_(4)N_(10):Eu^(2+)phosphor discovered by a modified single-particle-diagnosis approach

Discovery of new phosphors with desired properties is of great significance for developing high optical quality solid-state lighting.The single-particle-diagnosis approach is an effective way to search novel phosphors by analyzing tiny single crystals screened from the fired powder mixtures.In this work,a broadband orange-emitting phosphor of Sr(3)Si_(8)O_(4)N_(10):Eu^(2+)for solid state lighting was discovered by this method.The new oxonitridosilicate crystallizes in the monoclinic space group of P2_(1)/n(No.14)with cell parameters of a=4.8185 A,b=24.2303 A,c=10.5611 A,β=90.616°,and Z=4.The crystal structure of SrsSigO4Nio was determined from the single-crystal X-ray diffraction(XRD)data of a single crystal,which is made up of a three-dimensional framework consisting of vertex-sharing SiN_(4)and SiN_(3)O tetrahedra.Sr^(2+)ions occupy five crystallographic sites and have coordination numbers between 6 and 8 with one ordered Sr and other four disordered Sr atoms.The multiple Sr sites lead to a broadband emission centered at 565-600 nm and a bandwidth of 128-138 nm.The internal and external quantum efficiencies(IQE/EQE)of the title phosphor are 48.6%and 29.1%under 450 nm excitation,respectively.To improve the accuracy and speed of distinguishing phosphor particles in fired powder mixtures,a microscopic imaging spectroscopy is developed and demonstrated to modify the single-particle-diagnosis method.

Ca_(1−x)Li_(x)Al_(1−x)Si_(1+x)N_(3):Eu^(2+) solid solutions as broadband,color-tunable and thermally robust red phosphors for superior color rendition white light-emitting diodes

Color rendition,luminous efficacy and reliability are three key technical parameters for white light-emitting diodes(wLEDs)that are dominantly determined by down-conversion phosphors.However,there is usually an inevitable trade-off between color rendition and luminescence efficacy because the spectrum of red phosphor(that is,spectral broadness and position)cannot satisfy them simultaneously.In this work,we report a very promising red phosphor that can minimize the aforementioned trade-off via structure and band-gap engineering,achieved by introducing isostructural LiSi_(2)N_(3) into CaAlSiN_(3):Eu^(2+).The solid solution phosphors show both substantial spectra broadening(88→117 nm)and blueshift(652→642 nm),along with a significant improvement in thermal quenching(only a 6%reduction at 150℃),which are strongly associated with electronic and crystal structure evolutions.The broadband and robust red phosphor thus enables fabrication of super-high color rendering wLEDs(Ra=95 and R9=96)concurrently with the maintenance of a high-luminous efficacy(101 lm W^(−1)),validating its superiority in highperformance solid state lightings over currently used red phosphors.

X-ray-charged bright persistent luminescence in NaYF_(4):Ln^(3+)@NaYF_(4) nanoparticles for multidimensional optical information storage

NaYF_(4):Ln^(3+),due to its outstanding upconversion characteristics,has become one of the most important luminescent nanomaterials in biological imaging,optical information storage,and anticounterfeiting applications.However,the large specific surface area of NaYF_(4):Ln^(3+)nanoparticles generally leads to serious nonradiative transitions,which may greatly hinder the discovery of new optical functionality with promising applications.In this paper,we report that monodispersed nanoscale NaYF_(4):Ln^(3+),unexpectedly,can also be an excellent persistent luminescent(PersL)material.The NaYF_(4):Ln^(3+)nanoparticles with surface-passivated core–shell structures exhibit intense X-ray-charged PersL and narrow-band emissions tunable from 480 to 1060 nm.A mechanism for PersL in NaYF_(4):Ln^(3+)is proposed by means of thermoluminescence measurements and host-referred binding energy(HRBE)scheme,which suggests that some lanthanide ions(such as Tb)may also act as effective electron traps to achieve intense PersL.The uniform and spherical NaYF_(4):Ln^(3+)nanoparticles are dispersible in solvents,thus enabling many applications that are not accessible for traditional PersL phosphors.A new 3-dimensional(2 dimensions of planar space and 1 dimension of wavelength)optical information-storage application is demonstrated by inkjet-printing multicolor PersL nanoparticles.The multicolor persistent luminescence,as an emerging and promising emissive mode in NaYF_(4):Ln^(3+),will provide great opportunities for nanomaterials to be applied to a wider range of fields.

Force-induced charge carrier storage:a new route for stress recording

Stress sensing is the basis of human-machine interface,biomedical engineering,and mechanical structure detection systems.Stress sensing based on mechanoluminescence(ML)shows significant advantages of distributed detection and remote response to mechanical stimuli and is thus expected to be a key technology of next-generation tactile sensors and stress recorders.However,the instantaneous photon emission in ML materials generally requires real-time recording with a photodetector,thus limiting their application fields to real-time stress sensing.In this paper,we report a force-induced charge carrier storage(FICS)effect in deep-trap ML materials,which enables storage of the applied mechanical energy in deep traps and then release of the stored energy as photon emission under thermal stimulation.The FICS effect was confirmed in five ML materials with piezoelectric structures,efficient emission centres and deep trap distributions,and its mechanism was investigated through detailed spectroscopic characterizations.Furthermore,we demonstrated three applications of the FICS effect in electronic signature recording,falling point monitoring and vehicle collision recording,which exhibited outstanding advantages of distributed recording,longterm storage,and no need for a continuous power supply.The FICS effect reported in this paper provides not only a breakthrough for ML materials in the field of stress recording but also a new idea for developing mechanical energy storage and conversion systems.

Recent progress on discovery of novel phosphors for solid state lighting

Luminescent materials play indispensable roles in many application areas such as lighting,advanced displays,bio-imaging,medical treatments,sensing and detection.Pursuing new luminescent materials with improved or desired properties is an endless mission,driven by increasing demands of advances in technologies and applications.The traditional trial-and-error method,usually based on intensive experiments,cannot search for new materials in a fast and efficient way,therefore alternative model-or theory-based approaches for materials discovery need to be developed.In this work we overviewed several promising methods for screening and discovering novel luminescent materials,including solid state combinatorial chemistry,chemical unit substitution,single particle diagnosis and high-throughput calculations.These methods,having their own merits and demerits,enable to search for new phosphor materials with interesting properties for white light-emitting diodes(wLEDs)rapidly and efficiently.Finally,data-driven discovery of materials is emphasized as a state-of-art approach.

Light-emitting diodes:brighter NIR-emitting phosphor making light sources smarter

A brighter near-infrared(NIR)phosphor is achieved by inhibiting the oxidation of Cr3+and reducing the surface defects of phosphor particles,enabling the realization of smarter and more sensitive light sources for night vision.

Regulating Li^(+)migration and Li_(2)S deposition by metal-organic framework-derived Co_(4)S_(3)-embedded carbon nanoarrays for durable lithium-sulfur batteries

The shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides and the uncontrollable deposition of lithium sulfides(Li_(2)S)severely hinder the realization of high-performance lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries.Herein,we fabricated a carbon cloth(CC)-based self-supported interlayer(denoted as Co_(4)S_(3)/C@CC),which is covered with Co_(4)S_(3)-embedded porous carbon nanoarrays through a facile two-step method with cobalt-based metal-organic framework(Co-MOF)nanosheets as the template.The interconnected carbon network and the polar Co_(4)S_(3) nanoparticles in the Co_(4)S_(3)/C@CC interlayer not only effectively suppress the polysulfide shuttle,but also significantly facilitate the lithium ion(Li^(+))conduction with a considerable Li^(+)transference number of 0.86.Besides,the rich interfaces between the polar Co_(4)S_(3) nanoparticles and the conductive carbon substrate serve as reaction sites to accelerate the polysulfide conversion and guide the flower-like growth of Li_(2)S,which ultimately mitigates the interlayer surface passivation and improves the sulfur utilization.Therefore,the Li-S batteries with the Co_(4)S_(3)/C@CC interlayer deliver an excellent rate capacity(368.7 mA h g^(−1) at 10 C),a stable cycling performance(a low fading rate of 0.045%per cycle over 1400 cycles at 2.0 C),and a high initial areal capacity(4.83 mA h cm^(−2) at 0.2 C under a sulfur loading of 4.6 mg cm^(−2)).This work provides a perspective on the self-supported catalytic interlayer for the selective Li^(+)conduction and Li_(2)S regulation toward high-performance Li-S batteries.

Fine-grained phosphors for red-emitting mini-LEDs with high efficiency and super-luminance

Mini-LED backlights,combining color conversion materials with blue mini-LED chips,promise traditional liquid crystal displays(LCDs)with higher luminance,better contrast,and a wider color gamut.However,as color conversion materials,quantum dots(QDs)are toxic and unstable,whereas commercially available inorganic phosphors are too big in size to combine with small mini-LED chips and also have strong size-dependence of quantum efficiency(QE)and reliability.In this work,we prepare fine-grained Sr_(2)Si_(5)N_(8):Eu^(2+)-based red phosphors with high efficiency and stability by treating commercially available phosphors with ball milling,centrifuging,and acid washing.The particle size of phosphors can be easily controlled by milling speed,and the phosphors with a size varying from 3.5 to 0.7 mm are thus obtained.The samples remain the same QE as the original ones(~80%)even when their particle size is reduced to 3.2-3.5 mm,because they contain fewer surface suspension bond defects.More importantly,SrBaSi_(5)N_(8):Eu^(2+)phosphors show a size-independent thermal quenching behavior and a zero thermal degradation.We demonstrate that red-emitting mini-LEDs can be fabricated by combining the SrBaSi_(5)N_(8):Eu^(2+)red phosphor(3.5 mm in size)with blue mini-LED chips,which show a high external quantum efficiency(EQE)of above 31%and a super-high luminance of 34.3 Mnits.It indicates that fine and high efficiency phosphors can be obtained by the proposed method in this work,and they have great potentials for use in mini-LED displays.

Laser Phosphors for Next-Generation Lighting Applications

CONSPECTUS:Laser diodes(LDs),free of“efficiency droop”,can bear a superhigh power density.Laser-driven white light sources(blue LD+laser phosphors),which promise super brightness and high directionality,have emerged for various applications,including lighting,displays,communications,and endoscopy.Laser phosphors are critical components of this technology,which determine the luminous efficacy,luminance,and color quality of the device.However,most phosphors suffer from serious luminance saturation when excited by a high-powerdensity blue laser.

Single-particle-diagnosis approach： An efficient strategy for discovering new nitride phosphors

Discovery of novel phosphors is extremely important to target the ever change of the solid state lighting technology. In this paper, we present a high-speed way to discover new phosphors, namely single- particle-diagnosis approach. This approach is based on investigating the crystal structure and lumines- cence of a tiny single crystal, without the necessity of the growth of large-size single crystals or the preparation of single phase powder samples. The concept of the approach and some new nitride phosphors explored by this approach are shown in this paper.

Lanthanide-doped metal-organic frameworks with multicolor mechanoluminescence

Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)and mechanoluminescent(ML)materials have been considered as two types of promising materials that have their own application fields.It would be amazing to endow one material with the advantages of ML and MOFs,thus broadening their applications.However,there are quite few investigations on this topic,and the ML mechanism in ML-MOFs remains unclear.In this study,we proposed a strategy for developing ML-MOFs by doping lanthanide ions into the non-centrosymmetric SBD([Sr(μ-BDC)(DMF)]∞)MOF,and successfully synthesized a series of lanthanide-doped MOFs Ln-SBD(Ln=Tb,Dy,Sm,Eu)and Tb1-xEux-SBD(x=0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8)with multicolor ML.The lanthanide ions were uniformly distributed in the matrix of the SBD-MOF,and occupied the Sr site.The MLMOFs exhibited intense multicolor ML emissions varying from green to yellow to red by changing the co-doping ratios and species of lanthanide ions.The similar ML and photoluminescence(PL)spectra indicated that the ML emission was assigned to the radiative transition from the excited states to the ground states of lanthanide ions.The radiative transition was induced by the electron bombardment process that originated from the piezoelectric effect of the non-centrosymmetric SBD host.In addition,a pioneering temperature sensing research based on ML was carried out,which is promising for realizing dual-functional detection of stress and temperature without excitation light sources.This study gives a unique insight for developing more versatile and interesting smart materials by combining the versatility of MOF with the ML emission,imparting additional values to both MOF and ML materials.Moreover,this study provides a general rule for selecting MOFs with an acentric structure as the host for ML materials.

Facial synthesis of highly stable and bright CsPbX(X=Cl,Br,I)perovskite nanocrystals via an anion exchange at the water-oil interface

Cesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals(NCs)have attracted unprecedented attention owing to their compelling properties for optoelectronic applications.Compared with the classical hot-injection method,the roomtemperature(RT)synthetic strategy is more facile and tender,but it is hard to obtain stable CsPbI3 NCs and it usually uses polar solvents that sometimes reduce the stability and properties of NCs.Here,we reported a simple approach to synthesize highly efficient and stable CsPbI3 as well as other colortunable CsPbX3 NCs with high quantum efficiency at room temperature via an anion exchange at the water-oil interface,in which the as-synthesized pristine CsPbBr3 NCs in toluene were treated in aqueous solutions of HX(X=Cl,Br,and I)and protonated oleylamine(OAm)acted as a carrier.The synthesized CsPbI3 NCs had an emission at 680 nm and even showed excellent colloidal stability after being stored for 32 d.The high efficiency and stability of the obtained CsPbX3 NCs were ascribed to the facts that:(ⅰ)the polar reagents were almost removed from the surface of NCs;(ⅱ)the defect-related nonradiative recombination was suppressed efficiently by surface passivation.