Software-defined networking(SDN)makes network agile and flexible due to its programmable approach.An extensive network has multiple domains in SDN for the scalability and performance of the network.However,the inter-d...Software-defined networking(SDN)makes network agile and flexible due to its programmable approach.An extensive network has multiple domains in SDN for the scalability and performance of the network.However,the inter-domain link is also crucial for the stability of the entire network on the data plane layer.More than one inter-domain connection enhances the scalability of the data plane layer.However,it faces a reachability problem with the principal root,which causes forwarding loops and packet drops in the network,thereby degrading network performance.The proposed solution is a multiple controller architecture;however,this approach increases the complexity and affects network performance.Thus,in this study,we propose a framework that avoids forwarding loops and packet drops without the synchronization of multiple-domain controllers in the network using an avoid loop with test packet scheme.Moreover,we collect the link status for improved routing and load balancing for the upcoming flow across inter-domain links to prevent congestion and increase throughput in real time.Our proposed methodology can significantly reduce the controller workload against multiple controller architecture,minimize flow setup latency,and improve throughput.展开更多
In recent years, the Internet has enabled access to widespread remote services in the distributed computing environment; however, integrity of data transmission in the distributed computing platform is hindered by a n...In recent years, the Internet has enabled access to widespread remote services in the distributed computing environment; however, integrity of data transmission in the distributed computing platform is hindered by a number of security issues. For instance, the botnet phenomenon is a prominent threat to Internet security, including the threat of malicious codes. The botnet phenomenon supports a wide range of criminal activities, including distributed denial of service(DDoS) attacks, click fraud, phishing, malware distribution, spam emails, and building machines for illegitimate exchange of information/materials. Therefore, it is imperative to design and develop a robust mechanism for improving the botnet detection, analysis, and removal process. Currently, botnet detection techniques have been reviewed in different ways; however, such studies are limited in scope and lack discussions on the latest botnet detection techniques. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the latest state-of-the-art techniques for botnet detection and figures out the trends of previous and current research. It provides a thematic taxonomy for the classification of botnet detection techniques and highlights the implications and critical aspects by qualitatively analyzing such techniques. Related to our comprehensive review, we highlight future directions for improving the schemes that broadly span the entire botnet detection research field and identify the persistent and prominent research challenges that remain open.展开更多
基金The authors are grateful to the University of Malakand and University ofMalaya for providing fund for this project.The authors are grateful to the Taif University Researchers Supporting Project(number TURSP-2020/36),Taif University,Taif,Saudi ArabiaThis research work was also partially supported by the Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology,University of Malaya,under Postgraduate Research Grant PG035-2016A.
文摘Software-defined networking(SDN)makes network agile and flexible due to its programmable approach.An extensive network has multiple domains in SDN for the scalability and performance of the network.However,the inter-domain link is also crucial for the stability of the entire network on the data plane layer.More than one inter-domain connection enhances the scalability of the data plane layer.However,it faces a reachability problem with the principal root,which causes forwarding loops and packet drops in the network,thereby degrading network performance.The proposed solution is a multiple controller architecture;however,this approach increases the complexity and affects network performance.Thus,in this study,we propose a framework that avoids forwarding loops and packet drops without the synchronization of multiple-domain controllers in the network using an avoid loop with test packet scheme.Moreover,we collect the link status for improved routing and load balancing for the upcoming flow across inter-domain links to prevent congestion and increase throughput in real time.Our proposed methodology can significantly reduce the controller workload against multiple controller architecture,minimize flow setup latency,and improve throughput.
基金Project supported by University of Malaya,Malaysia(No.FP034-2012A)
文摘In recent years, the Internet has enabled access to widespread remote services in the distributed computing environment; however, integrity of data transmission in the distributed computing platform is hindered by a number of security issues. For instance, the botnet phenomenon is a prominent threat to Internet security, including the threat of malicious codes. The botnet phenomenon supports a wide range of criminal activities, including distributed denial of service(DDoS) attacks, click fraud, phishing, malware distribution, spam emails, and building machines for illegitimate exchange of information/materials. Therefore, it is imperative to design and develop a robust mechanism for improving the botnet detection, analysis, and removal process. Currently, botnet detection techniques have been reviewed in different ways; however, such studies are limited in scope and lack discussions on the latest botnet detection techniques. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the latest state-of-the-art techniques for botnet detection and figures out the trends of previous and current research. It provides a thematic taxonomy for the classification of botnet detection techniques and highlights the implications and critical aspects by qualitatively analyzing such techniques. Related to our comprehensive review, we highlight future directions for improving the schemes that broadly span the entire botnet detection research field and identify the persistent and prominent research challenges that remain open.
