Tree shrews(Tupaia belangeri chinensis)share a close relationship to primates and have been widely used in biomedical research.We previously established a spermatogonial stem cell(SSC)-based gene editing platform to g...Tree shrews(Tupaia belangeri chinensis)share a close relationship to primates and have been widely used in biomedical research.We previously established a spermatogonial stem cell(SSC)-based gene editing platform to generate transgenic tree shrews.However,the influences of long-term expansion on tree shrew SSC spermatogenesis potential remain unclear.Here,we examined the in vivo spermatogenesis potential of tree shrew SSCs cultured across different passages.We found that SSCs lost spermatogenesis ability after long-term expansion(>50 passages),as indicated by the failure to colonize the seminiferous epithelium and generate donor spermatogonia(SPG)-derivedspermatocytesor spermatids marking spermatogenesis.RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)analysis of undifferentiated SPGs across different passages revealed significant gene expression changes after sub-culturing primary SPG lines for more than 40 passages on feeder layers.Specifically,DNA damage response and repair genes(e.g.,MRE11,SMC3,BLM,and GEN1)were down-regulated,whereas genes associated with mitochondrial function(e.g.,NDUFA9,NDUFA8,NDUFA13,and NDUFB8)were up-regulated after expansion.The DNA damage accumulation and mitochondrial dysfunction were experimentally validated in high-passage cells.Supplementation with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD+)precursor nicotinamide riboside(NR)exhibited beneficial effects by reducing DNA damage accumulation and mitochondrial dysfunction in SPG elicited by long-term culture.Our research presents a comprehensive analysis of the genetic and physiological attributes critical for the sustained expansion of undifferentiated SSCs in tree shrews and proposes an effective strategy for extended in vitro maintenance.展开更多
Megacopta cribraria (Hemiptera: Plataspidae) continually outbreaks due to suitable photoperiod in recent years. Effect of photoperiod on growth, development and reproduction of M. cribraria were assessed in this study...Megacopta cribraria (Hemiptera: Plataspidae) continually outbreaks due to suitable photoperiod in recent years. Effect of photoperiod on growth, development and reproduction of M. cribraria were assessed in this study. Results indicated that developmental duration, nutrient accumulation efficiency, and adult fecundity of M. cribraria were significantly different under 6 photoperiodical conditions. Developmental duration of nymph stage gradually tended to be shorter as day time increase. Body weights of 5th instar nymphs for 16 h and 4 h day time photoperiods were 5.2 mg and 4.6 mg, respectively. Moreover, longevity of adults tended to be longer as day time increase. However, for the short day photoperiod (4 L:20 D and 8 L:16 D), population showed no reproductive behaviors. Index of population trend increased with photoperiod extension and adults showed stronger reproductive capacity and longer longevity. This research identified the favorable photoperiodical conditions before outbreak. It may provided reference for ecological adaptability of M. cribraria, and contribute to the scientific basis for forecasting and controlling of M. cribraria.展开更多
Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is characterized by progressive synaptic dysfunction,neuronal death,and brain atrophy,with amyloid-p(Ap)plaque deposits and hyperphosphorylated tau neurofibrillary tangle accumulation in the br...Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is characterized by progressive synaptic dysfunction,neuronal death,and brain atrophy,with amyloid-p(Ap)plaque deposits and hyperphosphorylated tau neurofibrillary tangle accumulation in the brain tissue,which all lead to loss of cognitive function.Pathogenic mutations in the well-known AD causal genes including APP,PSEN1,and PSEN2 impair a variety of pathways,including protein processing,axonal transport,and metabolic homeostasis.Here we identified a missense variant rs117916664(c.896T>C,p.Asn299Ser[p.N299S])of the acetyl-CoA acyltransferase 1(ACM1)gene in a Han Chinese AD family by whole-genome sequencing and validated its association with early-onset familial AD in an independent cohort.Further in vitro and in vivo evidence showed that ACAA1 p.N299S contributes to AD by disturbing its enzymatic activity,impairing lysosomal function,and aggravating the Ap pathology and neuronal loss,which finally caused cognitive impairment in a murine model.Our findings reveal a fundamental role of peroxisome-mediated lysosomal dysfunction in AD pathogenesis.展开更多
Pathogenic mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)mutations can cause a variety of human diseases.The recent development of genome-editing technologies to manipulate mtDNA,such as mitochondria-targeted DNA nucleases and base editors...Pathogenic mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)mutations can cause a variety of human diseases.The recent development of genome-editing technologies to manipulate mtDNA,such as mitochondria-targeted DNA nucleases and base editors,offer a promising way for curing mitochondrial diseases caused by mtDNA mutations.The CRISPR-Cas9 system is a widely used tool for genome editing;however,its application in mtDNA editing is still under debate.In this study,we developed a mito-Cas9 system by adding the mitochondria-targeted sequences and 30 untranslated region of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes upstream and downstream of the Cas9 gene,respectively.展开更多
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2021YFF0702700,STI2030-Major Project2021ZD0200900)National Natural Science Foundation of China (U2102202,U1702284)Yunnan Province (202305AH340006)。
文摘Tree shrews(Tupaia belangeri chinensis)share a close relationship to primates and have been widely used in biomedical research.We previously established a spermatogonial stem cell(SSC)-based gene editing platform to generate transgenic tree shrews.However,the influences of long-term expansion on tree shrew SSC spermatogenesis potential remain unclear.Here,we examined the in vivo spermatogenesis potential of tree shrew SSCs cultured across different passages.We found that SSCs lost spermatogenesis ability after long-term expansion(>50 passages),as indicated by the failure to colonize the seminiferous epithelium and generate donor spermatogonia(SPG)-derivedspermatocytesor spermatids marking spermatogenesis.RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)analysis of undifferentiated SPGs across different passages revealed significant gene expression changes after sub-culturing primary SPG lines for more than 40 passages on feeder layers.Specifically,DNA damage response and repair genes(e.g.,MRE11,SMC3,BLM,and GEN1)were down-regulated,whereas genes associated with mitochondrial function(e.g.,NDUFA9,NDUFA8,NDUFA13,and NDUFB8)were up-regulated after expansion.The DNA damage accumulation and mitochondrial dysfunction were experimentally validated in high-passage cells.Supplementation with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD+)precursor nicotinamide riboside(NR)exhibited beneficial effects by reducing DNA damage accumulation and mitochondrial dysfunction in SPG elicited by long-term culture.Our research presents a comprehensive analysis of the genetic and physiological attributes critical for the sustained expansion of undifferentiated SSCs in tree shrews and proposes an effective strategy for extended in vitro maintenance.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No.2018YFD0201004)the China Agriculture Research System (No.CARS-04)the Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northeast China (No.DB201505KF03)
文摘Megacopta cribraria (Hemiptera: Plataspidae) continually outbreaks due to suitable photoperiod in recent years. Effect of photoperiod on growth, development and reproduction of M. cribraria were assessed in this study. Results indicated that developmental duration, nutrient accumulation efficiency, and adult fecundity of M. cribraria were significantly different under 6 photoperiodical conditions. Developmental duration of nymph stage gradually tended to be shorter as day time increase. Body weights of 5th instar nymphs for 16 h and 4 h day time photoperiods were 5.2 mg and 4.6 mg, respectively. Moreover, longevity of adults tended to be longer as day time increase. However, for the short day photoperiod (4 L:20 D and 8 L:16 D), population showed no reproductive behaviors. Index of population trend increased with photoperiod extension and adults showed stronger reproductive capacity and longer longevity. This research identified the favorable photoperiodical conditions before outbreak. It may provided reference for ecological adaptability of M. cribraria, and contribute to the scientific basis for forecasting and controlling of M. cribraria.
基金The study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31730037 to Y.-G.Y.,31900737 to R.L.,82022017 to D.-F.Z.)the Strategic Priority Research Program(B)of CAS(XDB02020003 to Y.-G.Y.)+5 种基金the Bureau of Frontier Sciences and Education,CAS(grant no.QYZDJ-SSW-SMC005 to Y.-G.Y.)the Original Innovation Project"from 0 to 1"of Basic Frontier Scientific Research Program,CAS(ZDBS-LY-SM031 to R.L.)the Yunnan Science and Technology Plan Project(202001AT070107 to R.L)the CAS"Light of West China"Program(2020000023 to R.L.)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS(to R.L.and D.-F.Z.)the Training of High-Level Health Technical Personnel in Yunnan Province,Medical Academic Leader(D-2018047 to H.-Y.J.).
文摘Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is characterized by progressive synaptic dysfunction,neuronal death,and brain atrophy,with amyloid-p(Ap)plaque deposits and hyperphosphorylated tau neurofibrillary tangle accumulation in the brain tissue,which all lead to loss of cognitive function.Pathogenic mutations in the well-known AD causal genes including APP,PSEN1,and PSEN2 impair a variety of pathways,including protein processing,axonal transport,and metabolic homeostasis.Here we identified a missense variant rs117916664(c.896T>C,p.Asn299Ser[p.N299S])of the acetyl-CoA acyltransferase 1(ACM1)gene in a Han Chinese AD family by whole-genome sequencing and validated its association with early-onset familial AD in an independent cohort.Further in vitro and in vivo evidence showed that ACAA1 p.N299S contributes to AD by disturbing its enzymatic activity,impairing lysosomal function,and aggravating the Ap pathology and neuronal loss,which finally caused cognitive impairment in a murine model.Our findings reveal a fundamental role of peroxisome-mediated lysosomal dysfunction in AD pathogenesis.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Innovation 2030 Major Program(2021ZD0200900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1702284 and 31970560),Yunnan Province(202003AD150009 and 2019FA027)the Strategic Priority Research Program(B)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)(XDB32020200).
文摘Pathogenic mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)mutations can cause a variety of human diseases.The recent development of genome-editing technologies to manipulate mtDNA,such as mitochondria-targeted DNA nucleases and base editors,offer a promising way for curing mitochondrial diseases caused by mtDNA mutations.The CRISPR-Cas9 system is a widely used tool for genome editing;however,its application in mtDNA editing is still under debate.In this study,we developed a mito-Cas9 system by adding the mitochondria-targeted sequences and 30 untranslated region of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes upstream and downstream of the Cas9 gene,respectively.