Minimal hepatic encephalopathy(MHE)is a critical neurocognitive complication of decompensated liver cirrhosis and portosystemic shunting,which results in a wide range of cognitive deficits including impairments in wor...Minimal hepatic encephalopathy(MHE)is a critical neurocognitive complication of decompensated liver cirrhosis and portosystemic shunting,which results in a wide range of cognitive deficits including impairments in working attention,psychomotor speed,and executive function.Current guidelines have recommended paper-and-pencil psychometric tests for the diagnosis of MHE.Most high-risk cirrhotic patients are required to be examined;however,paperand-pencil psychometric tests are neither convenient nor rapid to perform in the clinic.Recently,novel computerized psychometric tests,including the inhibitory control test,EncephalApp Stroop App,and critical flicker frequency,have been proven to be rapid,effective,and convenient methods for screening MHE in clinical practice and for identifying high-risk cirrhotic patients for further validation using rigid neuropsychometric examinations.However,diagnostic accuracy of these tests is influenced by educational background,age,and cultural differences.This review summarizes clinical evidence of the application of novel computerized psychometric tests for screening MHE.展开更多
In this paper,the bipartite consensus problem is studied for a class of uncertain high-order nonlinear multi-agent systems.A signed digraph is presented to describe the collaborative and competitive interactions among...In this paper,the bipartite consensus problem is studied for a class of uncertain high-order nonlinear multi-agent systems.A signed digraph is presented to describe the collaborative and competitive interactions among agents.For each agent with lower triangular structure,a time-varying gain compensator is first designed by relative output information of neighboring agents.Subsequently,a distributed controller with dynamic event-triggered mechanism is proposed to drive the bipartite consensus error to zero.It is worth noting that an internal dynamic variable is introduced in triggering function,which plays an essential role in excluding the Zeno behavior and reducing energy consumption.Furthermore,the dynamic event-triggered control protocol is developed for upper triangular multi-agent systems to realize the bipartite consensus without Zeno behavior.Finally,simulation examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the presented results.展开更多
文摘Minimal hepatic encephalopathy(MHE)is a critical neurocognitive complication of decompensated liver cirrhosis and portosystemic shunting,which results in a wide range of cognitive deficits including impairments in working attention,psychomotor speed,and executive function.Current guidelines have recommended paper-and-pencil psychometric tests for the diagnosis of MHE.Most high-risk cirrhotic patients are required to be examined;however,paperand-pencil psychometric tests are neither convenient nor rapid to perform in the clinic.Recently,novel computerized psychometric tests,including the inhibitory control test,EncephalApp Stroop App,and critical flicker frequency,have been proven to be rapid,effective,and convenient methods for screening MHE in clinical practice and for identifying high-risk cirrhotic patients for further validation using rigid neuropsychometric examinations.However,diagnostic accuracy of these tests is influenced by educational background,age,and cultural differences.This review summarizes clinical evidence of the application of novel computerized psychometric tests for screening MHE.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61973189,62073190)the Research Fund for the Taishan Scholar Project of Shandong Province of China(No.ts20190905)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China(No.ZR2020ZD25).
文摘In this paper,the bipartite consensus problem is studied for a class of uncertain high-order nonlinear multi-agent systems.A signed digraph is presented to describe the collaborative and competitive interactions among agents.For each agent with lower triangular structure,a time-varying gain compensator is first designed by relative output information of neighboring agents.Subsequently,a distributed controller with dynamic event-triggered mechanism is proposed to drive the bipartite consensus error to zero.It is worth noting that an internal dynamic variable is introduced in triggering function,which plays an essential role in excluding the Zeno behavior and reducing energy consumption.Furthermore,the dynamic event-triggered control protocol is developed for upper triangular multi-agent systems to realize the bipartite consensus without Zeno behavior.Finally,simulation examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the presented results.
