Congenital bilateral cryptorchidism in an infant conceived after maternal breast cancer treatment: A case report

BACKGROUND The incidence of breast cancer among women of reproductive age is increasing,as well as the desire for children at late childbearing age.Identifying factors that may be associated with fetal malformation and maternal and fetal prognosis has gained importance.We describe a 32-year-old woman with breast cancer who gave birth to a son with congenital bilateral cryptorchidism after treatment,with a literature review performed.CASE SUMMARY A 32-year-old woman with breast cancer who had been treated by surgery and radiotherapy experienced recurrence and underwent a second surgery,adjuvant chemotherapy,and targeted therapy.Her tumor cells were negative for estrogen receptor(ER)α,progesterone receptor(PR),and p53;positive for ERβ,human epidermal growth factor receptor-2(HER2),epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),and Ki67.She had pathogenic BRCA gene mutations.She became pregnant within 2 years and delivered a boy with congenital bilateral cryptorchidism.The boy underwent bilateral orchidopexy.As of this writing,the woman and her son are both healthy.CONCLUSION HER2 overexpression,positivity for EGFR,Ki67,and ER,and PR negativity are associated with a poor prognosis in breast cancer.While no link has been established statistically between treatment for breast cancer and cryptorchidism in a subsequent pregnancy,this case suggests the possibility that ERβand gene mutations may be contributing factors.

Changes and clinical value of serum HBV RNA level on HBeAg positive CHB patients treated with the treatment of Peg IFN-α

Objective:To explore changes and clinical value of serum HBV RNA level on HBeAg positive CHB patients treated with the treatment of Peg IFN-α.Methods:Totally 34 cases of patients with HBeAg positive CHB who received Peg IFN-αtreatment in our hospital from February 2014 to October 2015 were selected.Serum HBV RNA,HBV DNA,and ALT levels in patients were detected before treatment,and at treatment of 12 weeks,24 weeks,and 52 weeks,respectively.The relationship between serum HBV RNA levels and ALT,HBeAg status and response status during Peg IFN-αantiviral treatment was analyzed.Results:The serum ALT level in patients at 12,24 and 52 weeks after treatment was significantly lower than that in patients before treatment,the serum ALT level in patients at 24 and 52 weeks after treatment was significantly lower than that in patients at 12 weeks after treatment,the serum ALT level in patients at 52 weeks after treatment was significantly lower than that in patients at 24 weeks after treatment,all above had statistical difference(P<0.05).At 12,24 and 52 weeks after treatment,ALT recurrence rate was 41.18%(14/34),55.88%(19/34),and 76.47%(26/34),respectively;the negative conversion rate of HBeAg was 26.47%(9/34),29.41%(10/34)and 47.06%(16/34),respectively;the negative conversion rate of HBV DNA was 38.23%(13/34),50.00%(17/34),and 61.76%(21/34),respectively.The serum HBV RNA level in patients at 12,24 and 52 weeks after treatment was significantly lower than that in patients before treatment,all above had statistical difference(P<0.05).At 12,24 and 52 weeks after treatment,the serum HBV RNA level in patients with recurrent ALT level was significantly lower than that in patients without recurrent ALT level,the serum HBV RNA level in patients with negative conversion of HBeAg was significantly lower than that in patients without negative conversion of HBeAg,the serum HBV RNA level in patients with complete response was significantly lower than that in patients without complete response,all above had statistical difference(P<0.05).The results of Person correlation analysis showed that the serum HBV RNA level was significantly positively correlated with HBV DNA level(r=0.408,P=0.009).Conclusion:During the treatment of Peg IFN-α,the serum HBV RNA level showed an overall downward trend,which was significantly positively correlated with the HBV DNA level.It is expected to serve as an auxiliary indicator for evaluating the efficacy of anti-HBV infection treatment,and has certain clinical value.

Construction of multifunctional lanthanum manganese mixed nanoparticles mediated by ionic liquids for selective aerobic oxidation of cyclohexane

Selective oxidation of alkanes to produce highvalue chemicals is an essential strategy and means to realize efficient utilization of resources.In this work,a strategy of lanthanum manganese mixed metal oxides(LMMO)regulated via a facile ionic liquid(IL)-assisted hydrothermal method was proposed to construct the multifunctional catalysts,which exhibited excellent catalytic performance in the selective aerobic oxidation of cyclohexane.An 8.9%cyclohexane conversion with 90%KA oi(cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone)selectivity was achieved over the optimal LMMO catalyst under mild conditions.The effects of anion type,carbon chain length and concentration of ILs on the structure and properties of catalysts were investigated through various characterizations,indicating the structure-directing and template effect of ILs on the multifunctional catalysts.The formation of self-assembled spherical nanoparticles followed the"dissolution-nucleation-proliferation"mechanism with the introduction of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate,ascribing the synergistic effect between the microenvironment of ILs and the hydrothermal environment.Importantly,the high reactive oxygen concentration redox capacity,and suitable basic sites of LMMO catalysts mediated by ILs enhance the activation of C-H bonds and molecular oxygen,simultaneously influencing the adsorption and desorption of the substrate.A comprehensive understanding of the high KA oil selectivity and radical reaction mechanism was elucidated based on in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy(DRIFTS)and radical trapping experiments.The recycling and regeneration experiments further illuminated that the removal of adsorbed cyclohexanone acting on the LMMO catalyst was the key to achieve high KA oil selectivity.