The subthalamic nucleus(STN)is considered the best target for deep brain stimulation treatments of Parkinson’s disease(PD).It is difficult to localize the STN due to its small size and deep location.Multichannel micr...The subthalamic nucleus(STN)is considered the best target for deep brain stimulation treatments of Parkinson’s disease(PD).It is difficult to localize the STN due to its small size and deep location.Multichannel microelectrode arrays(MEAs)can rapidly and precisely locate the STN,which is important for precise stimulation.In this paper,16-channel MEAs modified with multiwalled carbon nanotube/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate)(MWCNT/PEDOT:PSS)nanocomposites were designed and fabricated,and the accurate and rapid identification of the STN in PD rats was performed using detection sites distributed at different brain depths.These results showed that nuclei in 6-hydroxydopamine hydrobromide(6-OHDA)-lesioned brains discharged more intensely than those in unlesioned brains.In addition,the MEA simultaneously acquired neural signals from both the STN and the upper or lower boundary nuclei of the STN.Moreover,higher values of spike firing rate,spike amplitude,local field potential(LFP)power,and beta oscillations were detected in the STN of the 6-OHDA-lesioned brain,and may therefore be biomarkers of STN localization.Compared with the STNs of unlesioned brains,the power spectral density of spikes and LFPs synchronously decreased in the delta band and increased in the beta band of 6-OHDA-lesioned brains.This may be a cause of sleep and motor disorders associated with PD.Overall,this work describes a new cellular-level localization and detection method and provides a tool for future studies of deep brain nuclei.展开更多
Given initial data u0 ∈ L^(p)(R^(3)) for some p in [3,18/5 [,the auhtors first prove that3 D incompressible Navier-Stokes system has a unique solution μ=μL+v with μL=^(def)e^(t△)μ_(0) and ν∈L^(∞)([0,T];H^(5/2...Given initial data u0 ∈ L^(p)(R^(3)) for some p in [3,18/5 [,the auhtors first prove that3 D incompressible Navier-Stokes system has a unique solution μ=μL+v with μL=^(def)e^(t△)μ_(0) and ν∈L^(∞)([0,T];H^(5/2)-^(6/p)∩L^(1)([0,T];H^(9/2-6/p) for some positive time T.Then they derive an explicit lower bound for the radius of space analyticity of v,which in particular extends the corresponding results in [Chemin,J.-Y.,Gallagher,I.and Zhang,P.,On the radius of analyticity of solutions to semi-linear parabolic system,Math.Res.Lett.,27,2020,1631-1643,Herbst,I.and Skibsted,E.,Analyticity estimates for the Navier-Stokes equations,Adv.in Math.,228,2011,1990-2033] with initial data in H^(s)(R^(3)) for s ∈ [1/2,3/2[.展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.L2224042,T2293731,62121003,61960206012,61973292,62171434,61975206,and 61971400)the Frontier Interdisciplinary Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XK2022XXC003)+2 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2022YFC2402501 and 2022YFB3205602)the Major Program of Scientific and Technical Innovation 2030(No.2021ZD02016030)the Scientific Instrument Developing Project of he Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.GJJSTD20210004).
文摘The subthalamic nucleus(STN)is considered the best target for deep brain stimulation treatments of Parkinson’s disease(PD).It is difficult to localize the STN due to its small size and deep location.Multichannel microelectrode arrays(MEAs)can rapidly and precisely locate the STN,which is important for precise stimulation.In this paper,16-channel MEAs modified with multiwalled carbon nanotube/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate)(MWCNT/PEDOT:PSS)nanocomposites were designed and fabricated,and the accurate and rapid identification of the STN in PD rats was performed using detection sites distributed at different brain depths.These results showed that nuclei in 6-hydroxydopamine hydrobromide(6-OHDA)-lesioned brains discharged more intensely than those in unlesioned brains.In addition,the MEA simultaneously acquired neural signals from both the STN and the upper or lower boundary nuclei of the STN.Moreover,higher values of spike firing rate,spike amplitude,local field potential(LFP)power,and beta oscillations were detected in the STN of the 6-OHDA-lesioned brain,and may therefore be biomarkers of STN localization.Compared with the STNs of unlesioned brains,the power spectral density of spikes and LFPs synchronously decreased in the delta band and increased in the beta band of 6-OHDA-lesioned brains.This may be a cause of sleep and motor disorders associated with PD.Overall,this work describes a new cellular-level localization and detection method and provides a tool for future studies of deep brain nuclei.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11731007,12031006,11688101)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFA1000800)K.C.Wong Education Foundation。
文摘Given initial data u0 ∈ L^(p)(R^(3)) for some p in [3,18/5 [,the auhtors first prove that3 D incompressible Navier-Stokes system has a unique solution μ=μL+v with μL=^(def)e^(t△)μ_(0) and ν∈L^(∞)([0,T];H^(5/2)-^(6/p)∩L^(1)([0,T];H^(9/2-6/p) for some positive time T.Then they derive an explicit lower bound for the radius of space analyticity of v,which in particular extends the corresponding results in [Chemin,J.-Y.,Gallagher,I.and Zhang,P.,On the radius of analyticity of solutions to semi-linear parabolic system,Math.Res.Lett.,27,2020,1631-1643,Herbst,I.and Skibsted,E.,Analyticity estimates for the Navier-Stokes equations,Adv.in Math.,228,2011,1990-2033] with initial data in H^(s)(R^(3)) for s ∈ [1/2,3/2[.
