Number of parous events affects the association between physical exercise and glycemic control among women with gestational diabetes mellitus:A prospective cohort study

Background:Multiparous women are at a higher risk of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) than primiparas.Physical activity during pregnancy has been shown to be beneficial for GDM,but there is little evidence on the association between physical activity and glycemic control among women with GDM,whether primiparas or multiparas.Thus,the objective of the present study was to examine the association between physical activity and glycemic control in women with GDM and to determine what,if any,effects result from number of parous events.Methods:A prospective cohort of 1162 women with GDM was recruited,with 604 multiparas(51.98%).The general linear model was used to calculate the risk difference and its 95% confidence interval(95%CI) to quantify the impact of parous events on glycemic control in pregnancy as well as the association between physical activity time and glycemic control.Results:Among 1162 women with GDM,the median daily activity time was 65 mm(interquartile range(IQR):45-90 min),and the abnormal plasma glucose(PG) percentage,calculated as number of abnormal PG tests divided by the total number of PG tests,was 40.00%(IQR:22.22%-66.67%).The percentage of abnormal PG was stabilized and statistically lower with daily physical activity time exceeding 60 min among primiparas(IQR:30.89%-44.43%) and exceeding 90 min among multiparas(ranged from 27.76% to 38.82%).After adjusting for potential confoumders,primiparas tended to have a lower percentage of abnormal PG than do multiparas(rate difference=-0.39,95%CI:-3.61 to2.84).The same amount of physical activity time was significantly less effective for multiparas than for primiparas(trend p-value <0.01).Conclusion:In women with GDM,being multiparous is associated with less effective glycemic control through physical activity,such that multiparas need more physical activity to achieve glycemic control at a similar level to primiparas.

Genetic effects of historical anthropogenic disturbance on a long-lived endangered tropical tree Vatica mangachapoi

The endangered Vatica mangachapoi,a longlived,tropical tree with economic and ecological importance found in Hainan,China,was used to assess the hypothesis that historical human activities in Hainan’s tropical rain forest could have negative effects on the genetic diversity of V.mangachapoi.Three hundred and twenty individuals from 11 natural populations—which were classified into three groups according to levels of disturbance—were sampled and analyzed with ISSRmarkers.Although genetic diversity of V.mangachapoi is high at the species level,it is relatively low within populations.A significant genetic differentiation occurs among different disturbance levels.Significant isolation-by-distance indicated relevant historical anthropogenic changes.Our findings showed that historical human disturbances significantly increase the genetic differentiation and slightly decrease the genetic diversity of long-lived tree V.mangachapoi.Relevant targeting conservation actions were recommended.

Association among lifestyle, clinical examination, polymorphisms in CDH1 gene and Traditional Chinese Medicine syndrome differentiation of gastric cancer

OBJECTIVE:To explore the association among lifestyle,clinical examination,polymorphisms in CDH1 gene and Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)syndrome differentiation of gastric cancer(GC). METHODS:A hospital-based population of 387 GC patients was investigated in Jiangsu province.Relevant information regarding lifestyle and clinical examination were collected by a standard questionnaire.Four known single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)in CDH1 were investigated by polymerase chain reaction-ligation detection reaction methods.Statistical analysis was conducted by SPSS 16.0 software.RESULTS:The results showed that meal duration and the status of glutamic pyruvic transaminase were significantly associated with TCM syndrome differentiation of GC(both P<0.05).None of the four SNPs in the E-cadherin(CDH1)gene achieved significant differences in their distributions among the nine syndrome types of GC(both P>0.05).However,significant differences were observed in rs13689 genotype distributions between several pairs of syndrome types of GC,suggesting that rs13689 is correlated with the syndrome differentiation of GC.CONCLUSION:Integrated analysis of lifestyle,clinical examination and CDH1 gene polymorphisms can contribute to a better understanding of the GC syndrome types and may improve the efficacy of interventions by stratifying disease according to TCM criteria.

附加偏见预测器辅助的均衡化场景图生成

场景图是以场景中的物体为结点、以物体之间的关系为边构成的图结构,在视觉与语言交互理解和推理相关任务中具有广泛的应用前景.近年来,场景图自动生成逐渐受到关注,但生成结果中对于关系的描述受到长尾分布带来的偏见的影响,偏向于样本量较大的头部关系.然而头部关系往往过于空泛,描述不够准确,容易造成误解.由于这种关系价值不高,生成的场景图近似于退化为场景中物体信息的堆叠,不利于其他应用在图结构上进行结构化推理.为了使场景图生成器在这种不均衡的数据条件下,能够更均衡地学习,给出更加多样化的特别是尾部的更准确的关系,本文提出一种附加偏见预测器(additional biased predictor,ABP)辅助的均衡化学习方法.该方法利用一条有偏见的关系预测分支,令场景图生成器抑制自身对头部关系的偏好,并更加注重尾部关系的学习.场景图生成器需要为指定的一对物体预测关系,这是一种实例级的关系预测,与之相比,有偏分支以更简洁的方式预测出图像中的关系信息,即不指定任何一对物体,直接预测出图像中存在的关系,这是一种区域级的关系预测.为此,本文利用已有的实例级的关系标注,设计算法自动构造区域级的关系标注,以此来训练该有偏分支,使其具有区域级关系预测的能力.在不同场景图生成器上应用ABP方法,并在多个公开数据集(Visual Genome,VRD和OpenImages等)上进行实验,结果表明,ABP方法具有通用性,应用ABP方法训练得到的场景图生成器能够预测出更加多样化的、更准确的关系,进而生成更有价值、更实用的场景图.

Preparation and properties of a new porous ceramic material used in clean energy field

At high tem perature, the oxide redox reactions of ceria can split H2O and CO2 to produce H2 and CO, so porous ceria with high temperature resistance and high specific surface area has an important foreground in clean energy applications. In this work, a reticulated porous ceria ceramic material with interconnected porous structure was prepared by the impregnation technique using organic polyurethane sponges as template. The influences of pretreated sponge, dipping time length, pore size and sintering temperature on the porosity and strength of the porous ceria ceramics were system atically studied. With the increasing sintering temperature, the glass phase occurred and led to an increase in strength, but an decrease in porosity. Eventually, we analyzed the relationships betw een porosity and strength of these porous materials, aiming to provide theoretical and practical references for its application in clean-energy field.

马来西亚华文教育简况及其发展趋势

马来西亚华人最终能够在马来西亚建立一个完整的华文教育体系,是马来西亚华人社会坚持“母语母文教学,承传民族文化”叶新田:《华文教育的未来》,载《马来西亚中国报》,2019年11月3日。办校的基本原则,追求民族平等的国民教育政策,弘扬维护民族语言文化教育根底的主旋律之结果。历史上的马来西亚华侨先贤们和华社两百多年来对华文教育所作出的重大贡献值得后辈敬仰与纪念。目前,在马来西亚有人提出“华文小学俨然成为马来西亚人的学校,仅以华文传授马来西亚人的价值。”华社广大人士也普遍认为:华文小学是华人的学校,如果其追求逐渐失去“华”味,就等于放弃华文学校传承本民族文化使命的原则和传统。现今马来西亚已进入各民族共生关系的发展阶段。中国的“一带一路”倡议对人类命运共同体和利益共同体的构建越来越说明马来西亚的华文教育不仅属于华人社会,也属于马来西亚各个民族,成为马来西亚国家教育不可缺少的重要部分。马来西亚有责任把华文教育发展好,传承好,保护好,平等尊重各民族受教育权利,实现国内各民族教育权利的平等、合作与共赢。

Comparative effect of allopolyploidy on transposable element composition and gene expression between Gossypium hirsutum and its two diploid progenitors

An allopolyploidization event formed allotetraploid Gossypium species from an A-genome diploid species and a D-genome diploid species. To explore the responses of transposable elements(TEs) to allopolyploidy, we assembled parallel TE datasets from G. hirsutum, G. arboreum and G. raimondii and analyzed the TE types and the effects of TEs on orthologous gene expression in the three Gossypium genomes.Gypsy was the most abundant TE type and most TEs were located $500 bp from genes in all three genomes. In G. hirsutum, 35.6% of genes harbored TE insertions, whereas insertions were more frequent in G. arboreum and G. raimondii. G. hirsutum had the highest proportion of uniquely matching 24-nt small interfering RNAs(siRNAs) that targeted TEs. TEs,particularly those targeted by 24-nt siRNAs, were associated with reduced gene expression, but the effect of TEs on orthologous gene expression varied substantially among species. Orthologous gene expression levels in G. hirsutum were intermediate between those of G. arboreum and G. raimondii, which did not experience TE expansion or reduction resulting from allopolyploidization. This study underscores the diversity of TEs co-opted by host genes and provides insights into the roles of TEs in regulating gene expression in Gossypium.

Phase diagram of(Na_(0.5)K_(0.5))NbO_(3)-(Bi_(0.5)Na_(0.5))ZrO_(3) solid solution

Phase diagram of(1-x)Na_(0.5)K_(0.5)NbO_(3-x)(Bi_(0.5)Na_(0.5))ZrO_(3)solid solution has been established from dielectric constant measurements and structure analyses.It is found that with increasing x,the C-T phase transition temperature T_(C-T)and the T-O phase transition temperature T_(T-O)decrease,while the O-R phase transition temperature T_(O-R)increases.T_(T-O)of NKN-xBNZ is much different from that of NKN-xBZ solid solution.The result could be mainly elucidated by the hybridization between the A-site ion and oxygen.

Preparation and laser performances of Nd3+:GSGG ceramic powder raw materials

This paper explores a new laser working material: gallium scandium gadolinium(GSGG), which was successfully prepared by one step co-precipitation method, and the potential properties of this Nd^3+ doped laser ceramic raw materials were proposed. The size of the prepared powder was uniform and mainly about 65 nm. The GSGG phase could be obtained after a heat-treatment of 1000℃ for 4h, and the characterized fluorescence decay curves showed that about 1 at.% concentration of Nd^3+in Nd^3+:GSGG precursor presented optimum fluorescence intensity at 1.06μm waveband.