This research uses the immature embryos of inbred maize lines(GSH9901,Hi01,Hi02,and Chang 7-2)as receptor materials to establish the callus induction system.These inbred lines provide the receptor materials for the ge...This research uses the immature embryos of inbred maize lines(GSH9901,Hi01,Hi02,and Chang 7-2)as receptor materials to establish the callus induction system.These inbred lines provide the receptor materials for the genetic regeneration of maize and the verification of the genetic functions of maize.The factor experiment and orthogonal experiments were used to investigate the impacts of different genotypes,immature embryo size,shield orientation,2,4-D concentration,proline concentration,and folic acid concentration on the induction rate of embryogenic callus tissue.A sensitivity experiment testing glyphosate(Bar)and an antibiotic(Cefotaxime sodium)were also conducted.The results indicate that the immature embryos of inbred maize line GSH9901 were the most effective for callus tissue induction,and the immature embryos with a length of 1.6-2.0 mm produce the best result.The upward shield face is more successful for the formation of induced callus.Using orthogonal analysis,we found that the optimal combination for the induction system was A_(3)(2,4-D concentration 0.25 mg mL^(-1)),B_(1)C_(3)(proline concentration 0.8 mg mL^(-1)),and D 2(folate Concentration 0.5 mg mL^(-1))and the induction rate reached 84%.We found that cold storage at 4℃ for 1 d is more conducive for the formation of embryogenic callus than the other treatments tested.The sensitivity experiment for callus tissue screening revealed the critical concentration of glyphosate to be 10 mg ml^(-1),and the critical concentration of antibiotic is 250 mg ml^(-1).Using this combination of glyphosate and antibiotic resulted in regenerated plants.This study established the optimal conditions for immature embryo callus tissue induction in maize.展开更多
控制感是人类的根本需要,相信世界稳定有序、"善有善报、恶有恶报"的正义动机可以帮助我们获得控制感.正义动机是一个内隐加工过程,指向他人遭遇(而非自身遭遇)或社会整体的正义动机是人类根深蒂固的价值判断和社会态度,但由...控制感是人类的根本需要,相信世界稳定有序、"善有善报、恶有恶报"的正义动机可以帮助我们获得控制感.正义动机是一个内隐加工过程,指向他人遭遇(而非自身遭遇)或社会整体的正义动机是人类根深蒂固的价值判断和社会态度,但由于受传统方法社会赞许效应和样本偏差影响,如何在内隐层面准确测量和验证正义动机的他人凸显效应一直是正义研究的难题.因此,本研究采用词嵌入联想测验(word embedding association test)的词、句向量指标,检验正义动机在内隐水平上的他人凸显效应.微博语料库的词向量分析表明,"他人"-"正义"的余弦相似度(语义关联度)显著大于"自我"-"正义"余弦相似度;谷歌BERT模型的句向量分析也重复了上述结果.总之,基于机器学习的词嵌入联想测验证明了内隐正义动机的他人凸显效应,即人们在潜意识里相信他人(而非自己)遭遇或社会整体是个简单美好的正义世界.这提示我们,看似无序的网络世界却蕴含民众对社会秩序的强烈需要,而词嵌入联想测验也为无结构文本背后的社会态度测量提供了新的算法.展开更多
基金This research was funded by Jilin province science and technology research projects(20170204005NY)Jilin Science and Technology Development Plan Major Science and Technology R&D Project(20180201029NY)+2 种基金Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Plan Project(20190802012ZG)Jilin Province Natural Science Foundation(20190201168JC)a thirteenth five-year plan for the Education Department of Jilin Province(JJKH20180661KJ)were jointly funded.
文摘This research uses the immature embryos of inbred maize lines(GSH9901,Hi01,Hi02,and Chang 7-2)as receptor materials to establish the callus induction system.These inbred lines provide the receptor materials for the genetic regeneration of maize and the verification of the genetic functions of maize.The factor experiment and orthogonal experiments were used to investigate the impacts of different genotypes,immature embryo size,shield orientation,2,4-D concentration,proline concentration,and folic acid concentration on the induction rate of embryogenic callus tissue.A sensitivity experiment testing glyphosate(Bar)and an antibiotic(Cefotaxime sodium)were also conducted.The results indicate that the immature embryos of inbred maize line GSH9901 were the most effective for callus tissue induction,and the immature embryos with a length of 1.6-2.0 mm produce the best result.The upward shield face is more successful for the formation of induced callus.Using orthogonal analysis,we found that the optimal combination for the induction system was A_(3)(2,4-D concentration 0.25 mg mL^(-1)),B_(1)C_(3)(proline concentration 0.8 mg mL^(-1)),and D 2(folate Concentration 0.5 mg mL^(-1))and the induction rate reached 84%.We found that cold storage at 4℃ for 1 d is more conducive for the formation of embryogenic callus than the other treatments tested.The sensitivity experiment for callus tissue screening revealed the critical concentration of glyphosate to be 10 mg ml^(-1),and the critical concentration of antibiotic is 250 mg ml^(-1).Using this combination of glyphosate and antibiotic resulted in regenerated plants.This study established the optimal conditions for immature embryo callus tissue induction in maize.
文摘控制感是人类的根本需要,相信世界稳定有序、"善有善报、恶有恶报"的正义动机可以帮助我们获得控制感.正义动机是一个内隐加工过程,指向他人遭遇(而非自身遭遇)或社会整体的正义动机是人类根深蒂固的价值判断和社会态度,但由于受传统方法社会赞许效应和样本偏差影响,如何在内隐层面准确测量和验证正义动机的他人凸显效应一直是正义研究的难题.因此,本研究采用词嵌入联想测验(word embedding association test)的词、句向量指标,检验正义动机在内隐水平上的他人凸显效应.微博语料库的词向量分析表明,"他人"-"正义"的余弦相似度(语义关联度)显著大于"自我"-"正义"余弦相似度;谷歌BERT模型的句向量分析也重复了上述结果.总之,基于机器学习的词嵌入联想测验证明了内隐正义动机的他人凸显效应,即人们在潜意识里相信他人(而非自己)遭遇或社会整体是个简单美好的正义世界.这提示我们,看似无序的网络世界却蕴含民众对社会秩序的强烈需要,而词嵌入联想测验也为无结构文本背后的社会态度测量提供了新的算法.
