The root meristem growth factor BrRGF6 positively regulates Chinese cabbage to infection of clubroot disease caused by Plasmodiophora Brassicae

Chinese cabbage has a high annual demand in China.However,clubroot disease caused by the infection of Plasmodiophora brassicae seriously affects its yield.Transcriptome analysis identified a root meristem growth factor 6(BrRGF6)as significantly up-regulated in Chinese cabbage roots infected with Plasmodiophora brassicae.Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization analysis showed higher BrRGF6 expression in susceptible materials than in resistant materials.After Plasmodiophora brassicae infection,BrRGF6 expression was significantly up-regulated,especially in susceptible materials.Gene function analysis showed that the roots of Arabidopsis mutant rgf6 grew faster than the wild-type,and delayed the infection progress of Plasmodiophora brassicae.A Protein,nuclear transcription factor Y subunit C(BrNF-YC),was screened from yeast two-hybrid library of Chinese cabbage induced by Plasmodiophora brassicae,and verified to interact with BrRGF6 by yeast two-hybrid co-transfer.Yeast one-hybrid andβGlucuronidase activity analysis showed that BrNF-YC could directly bind to and strongly activate the promoter of BrRGF6.Transgenic verification showed that BrRGF6 or BrNF-YC silenced Chinese cabbage significantly decreased the expression of BrRGF6,accelerated root development,and reduced incidence of clubroot disease.However,after overexpression of BrRGF6 or BrNF-YC,the phenotype showed a reverse trend.Therefore,BrRGF6 silencing accelerated root growth and enhanced resistance to clubroot disease,which was regulated by BrNF-YC.

Preparation,structural characterization and bioactivities of polysaccharides from mulberry(Mori Fructus)

Mulberry(Mori Fructus),a highly promising functional food,has long exhibited multiple therapeutic effects as a tonic in traditional Chinese food and pharmacology.Polysaccharides have been regarded as the pivotal pharmacological ingredient in mulberry.In this study,structural characterization and bioactivities of polysaccharides from mulberry(PFM-3)were determined.The results showed that PFM-3 was a pyranose containing carboxyl group,which was mainly composed of glucose(Glc)and a small amount of mannose(Man)and fucose(Fuc).The molecular weight of PFM-3 was 96.17 kDa,and the surface of PFM-3 was compact and uniform crack.PFM-3 markedly decreased lipid accumulation,triglyceride(TG)and low density lipoprotein cholesterin(LDL-C)on hyperlipidemia human hepatocellular carcinoma(HepG2)cells.PFM-3 recovered nuclear morphometry and mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP),enhanced the activity of glutathione peroxidase(GPx)and decreased cell arrest in G2 phase on oxidative stress HepG2 cells.In addition,PFM-3 promoted the decline of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and the augment of interleukin-10(IL-10)secretion on inflammatory mouse leukemia cells of monocyte macrophage(RAW 264.7).This work provides a certificate that PFM-3 could markedly improve cellular lipid accumulation,endogenous antioxidant defense capacity and inflammation levels to further use for treatment and amelioration of related diseases.