A global synthesis of the effectiveness and ecological impacts of management interventions for Spartina species

Invasions by Spartina species pose serious threats to global coastal ecosystems.Although many studies have examined the effectiveness and ecological impacts of invasive Spartina management,no comprehensive global synthesis has been conducted to assess the effects of management on Spartina per se and on wider non-targets.Here,we conducted a global meta-analysis of 3,459 observations from 102 studies to quantify the effects of different management interventions(physical,chemical,biological,and integrated control)on Spartina per se and native biodiversity and environments.We found that physical measures quickly suppressed Spartina but that their effectiveness declined over time.By contrast,chemical measures decreased the abundance and growth of Spartina to a lesser degree in the early stage,but the effectiveness increased over time.Different management measures did not significantly decrease the diversity of native biota on the whole,but native-plant diversity significantly decreased with time after physical control.Different management measures did not affect abiotic factors differently.These results support the use of chemical measures to control invasive Spartina,although their effectiveness would depend on the time since the management intervention.Addressing the problem of Spartina regrowth following physical control requires improved techniques.We hold that initial states of invaders and subsequent environmental changes after management interventions should be weighed in evaluating control efficacy.

近十年植物入侵生态学重要研究进展

外来植物入侵对本地生物多样性、生态安全、社会经济发展和人类健康造成了严重威胁。因此,探究植物入侵机制及其生态效应对我国生态可持续发展具有重要意义,也是植物入侵生态学的主要研究内容。过去10年,生态学家开展了大量研究,取得了丰硕成果,为推动入侵植物防控与生物多样性保护提供了理论指导。为深入解析外来植物入侵机制,为其防控管理提供依据,本文从以下3个方面综述了植物入侵生态学重要进展:首先是外来植物生物学特性、生物和非生物环境对植物入侵的调控作用;其次是外来植物入侵对本地生态系统的影响;最后介绍了外来植物入侵的类比研究范式——本地植物入侵,以及多组学技术在入侵生态学研究中的应用。基于这些研究进展,本文展望了该领域的未来发展趋势,包括:(1)研究对象从单一物种扩展到多物种比较;(2)研究地理范围从局域尺度扩大到纬度梯度格局;(3)入侵机制从单一理论验证到综合阐释多个假说。