The availability of the B73 inbred reference genome sets the stage for high-throughput functional charac- terization of maize genes on a whole-genome scale. Among the 39 324 protein-coding genes predicted, the vast ma...The availability of the B73 inbred reference genome sets the stage for high-throughput functional charac- terization of maize genes on a whole-genome scale. Among the 39 324 protein-coding genes predicted, the vast majority are untapped due to the lack of suitable high-throughput reverse genetic resources. We have generated a gene-indexed maize mutant collection through ethyl methanesulfonate mutagenesis and de- tected the mutations by combining exome capture and next-generation sequencing. A total of 1086 mutated MI plants were sequenced, and 195 268 CG〉TA-type point mutations, including stop gain/loss, missplice, start gain/loss, and various non-synonymous protein mutations as well as 4610 InDel mutations, were identified. These mutations were distributed on 32 069 genes, representing 82% of the predicted protein-coding genes in the maize genome. We detected an average of 180 mutations per mutant line and 6.1 mutations per gene. As many as 27 214 mutations of start codons, stop codons, or missplice sites were identified in 14 101 genes, among which 6232 individual genes harbored more than two such muta- tions. Application of this mutant collection is exemplified by the identification of the ent-kaurene synthase gene, which encodes a key enzyme in the gibberellin biosynthesis pathway. This gene-indexed genome- wide mutation collection provides an important resource for functional analysis of maize genes and may bring desirable allelic variants for genetic breeding in maize.展开更多
Although the genetic basis for endosperm development in maize(Zea mays)has been well studied,the mechanism for coordinating grain filling with increasing kernel size remains elusive.Here,we report that increased kerne...Although the genetic basis for endosperm development in maize(Zea mays)has been well studied,the mechanism for coordinating grain filling with increasing kernel size remains elusive.Here,we report that increased kernel size was selected during modern breeding and identify a novel DELLA-like transcriptional regulator,ZmGRAS11,which positively regulates kernel size and kernel weight in maize.We find that Opaque2,a core transcription factor for zein protein and starch accumulation,transactivates the expression of Zm GRAS11.Our data suggest that the Opaque2-Zm GRAS11 module mediates synergistic endosperm enlargement with grain filling.展开更多
文摘The availability of the B73 inbred reference genome sets the stage for high-throughput functional charac- terization of maize genes on a whole-genome scale. Among the 39 324 protein-coding genes predicted, the vast majority are untapped due to the lack of suitable high-throughput reverse genetic resources. We have generated a gene-indexed maize mutant collection through ethyl methanesulfonate mutagenesis and de- tected the mutations by combining exome capture and next-generation sequencing. A total of 1086 mutated MI plants were sequenced, and 195 268 CG〉TA-type point mutations, including stop gain/loss, missplice, start gain/loss, and various non-synonymous protein mutations as well as 4610 InDel mutations, were identified. These mutations were distributed on 32 069 genes, representing 82% of the predicted protein-coding genes in the maize genome. We detected an average of 180 mutations per mutant line and 6.1 mutations per gene. As many as 27 214 mutations of start codons, stop codons, or missplice sites were identified in 14 101 genes, among which 6232 individual genes harbored more than two such muta- tions. Application of this mutant collection is exemplified by the identification of the ent-kaurene synthase gene, which encodes a key enzyme in the gibberellin biosynthesis pathway. This gene-indexed genome- wide mutation collection provides an important resource for functional analysis of maize genes and may bring desirable allelic variants for genetic breeding in maize.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China to X.J.Z.(grant number 31771707)National Special Program for GMO Development of China to R.M.C.(2016ZX08003-002)the National Key Basic Research Program of China(2014CB138205)。
文摘Although the genetic basis for endosperm development in maize(Zea mays)has been well studied,the mechanism for coordinating grain filling with increasing kernel size remains elusive.Here,we report that increased kernel size was selected during modern breeding and identify a novel DELLA-like transcriptional regulator,ZmGRAS11,which positively regulates kernel size and kernel weight in maize.We find that Opaque2,a core transcription factor for zein protein and starch accumulation,transactivates the expression of Zm GRAS11.Our data suggest that the Opaque2-Zm GRAS11 module mediates synergistic endosperm enlargement with grain filling.
