The mixed layer is deep in January-April in the Kuroshio Extension region. This paper investigates the response in this region of mixed layer depth （MLD） and the spring bloom initiation to global warming using the o...The mixed layer is deep in January-April in the Kuroshio Extension region. This paper investigates the response in this region of mixed layer depth （MLD） and the spring bloom initiation to global warming using the output of 15 models from CMIP5. The models indicate that in the late 21st century the mixed layer will shoal and the MLD reduction will be most pronounced in spring at about 33~N on the southern edge of the present deep-MLD region. The advection of temperature change in the upper 100 m by the mean eastward flow explains the spatial pattern of MLD shoaling in the models. Associated with the shoaling mixed layer, the onset of spring bloom inception is projected to advance due to the strengthened stratification in the warming climate.展开更多
The locations of marine ranch and its surrounding islands are far away from the mainland,so the cost is too high to keep power supply by laying submarine cables from the mainland.Therefore,it is necessary to build a l...The locations of marine ranch and its surrounding islands are far away from the mainland,so the cost is too high to keep power supply by laying submarine cables from the mainland.Therefore,it is necessary to build a land-sea relay networked microgrids with high propor-tion of renewable energy,which is able to provide multi-energy complementary and reli-able power for marine ranch and its surrounding islands.It is noteworthy that the networked microgrids is a typical cyber-physical system.In order to deeply reveal the cyber physical fusion characteristics of fishery networked microgrids,the morphology and key techniques of fishery networked microgrids are summarized from two aspects:physical system and cyber system.And the interactions of cyber and physical system are described,including the support from cyber system for the physical system as state perception and control,and the power support from physical system for cyber system.Based on the above interactions,the related research on coupling analysis of cyber-physical system is summa-rized.Finally,some urgently studied problems have been looked forward to in fishery net-worked microgrids cyber-physical system.展开更多
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2012CB955602)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41476002, 41490643, 41176006 and 41221063)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. 201503029)
文摘The mixed layer is deep in January-April in the Kuroshio Extension region. This paper investigates the response in this region of mixed layer depth （MLD） and the spring bloom initiation to global warming using the output of 15 models from CMIP5. The models indicate that in the late 21st century the mixed layer will shoal and the MLD reduction will be most pronounced in spring at about 33~N on the southern edge of the present deep-MLD region. The advection of temperature change in the upper 100 m by the mean eastward flow explains the spatial pattern of MLD shoaling in the models. Associated with the shoaling mixed layer, the onset of spring bloom inception is projected to advance due to the strengthened stratification in the warming climate.
文摘The locations of marine ranch and its surrounding islands are far away from the mainland,so the cost is too high to keep power supply by laying submarine cables from the mainland.Therefore,it is necessary to build a land-sea relay networked microgrids with high propor-tion of renewable energy,which is able to provide multi-energy complementary and reli-able power for marine ranch and its surrounding islands.It is noteworthy that the networked microgrids is a typical cyber-physical system.In order to deeply reveal the cyber physical fusion characteristics of fishery networked microgrids,the morphology and key techniques of fishery networked microgrids are summarized from two aspects:physical system and cyber system.And the interactions of cyber and physical system are described,including the support from cyber system for the physical system as state perception and control,and the power support from physical system for cyber system.Based on the above interactions,the related research on coupling analysis of cyber-physical system is summa-rized.Finally,some urgently studied problems have been looked forward to in fishery net-worked microgrids cyber-physical system.
