Comparison of efficacy of metformin and D-chiro-inositol on clinical biomarkers in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome:an open label study

Objective:Polycystic ovary syndrome(Pcos)is a pathophysiological disorder affecting reproductive and metabolic indices in females.The present study was designed to compare the efficacy of metformin and D-chiroinositol in PcoS patients.Methods:In a tertiary care hospital in North India,prospective observational research was undertaken on 1o0 patients with PCOS,which was diagnosed based on European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology Guidelines and ultrasound of lower abdomen.The study involves various clinical characteristics into consideration for the determination of statistical significance(P<0.05)in PCOS patients.Student's t-test along with the association between PCOS and patients taking metformin and D-chiro-inositol,as well as their impact on various biochemical parameters,were investigated finally using Pearson Correlation Analysis.Results:This study comprises 50 patients taking metformin and 50 patients taking D-chiro-inositol in women suffering from PCOS.Body mass index(BMI)and waist-to-hip ratio(WHR)were statistically significant(P<0.05)within the groups of both metformin and D-chiro-inositol.Biochemical parameters such as luteinizing hormone(LH),follicle stimulating hormone(FSH),anti-mullerian hormone(AMH)and glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c)were found to be statistically significant(P<0.05)in both groups.LH,FSH and AMH(14.40±0.52;14.28±0.53;1.99±0.10)were comparatively lower in patients taking D-chiro-inositol as compared to metformin group(14.17±0.42;19.88±1.01;2.61±0.04).HbA1c(3.71±0.08)with P<0.05 was found to be decreased more in metformin group as compared to patients taking D-chiro-inositol(4.90±0.09).A positive correlation was found between HbAlc and LH in metformin,&HbAlc and FSH in D-chiro-inositol groups,respectively.Conclusion:The results indicate that D-chiro-inositol shows better results in reducing clinical variables involved in causing PCOS as compared to metformin whereas metformin has better glycemic control in PCOS patients.

月见草属植物药用价值的研究综述(英文)

月见草属植物很早就被传统医学用于治疗哮喘、肠胃功能紊乱、神经痛、皮肤病以及肝肾等疾病。从月见草属植物中可以分离出脂质、类黄酮、丹宁酸、类固醇、三萜烯等化学成分。月见草属植物具有细胞毒作用以及抗氧化、抗菌、抗病毒、抗炎、抗高血脂、溶解血栓和止泻等各种显著的药理活性。本文对近50年来有关月见草属植物化学成分及生物活性的研究进行了综述,旨在为今后进一步研究月见草属植物治疗各类疾病提供参考。

A New Approach to Software Development Fusion Process Model

There are several software process models that have been proposed and are based on task involved in developing and maintaining software product. The large number of software projects not meeting their expectation in terms of functionality, cost, delivery schedule and effective project management appears to be lacking. In this paper, we present a new software fusion process model, which depicts the essential phases of a software project from initiate stage until the product is retired. Fusion is component based software process model, where each component implements a problem solving model. This approach reduces the risk associated with cost and time, as these risks will be limited to a component only and ensure the overall quality of software system by considering the changing requirements of customer, risk assessment, identification, evaluation and composition of relative concerns at each phase of development process.

Analysis of Fusion Process Model—Case Study

Fusion Process Model is a software process model to enhance the software development process. Fusion process model have five fundamental phases and one fusion process controller to control and co-ordinate the overall development process. Fusion Process Model uses 3C-Model to generalize the process of solving the problem in each phase. 3C-Model, which helps in implementing component based development approach and provides firmer control over the software development process. Because of the component driven approach, the risk associated with cost and time is limited to component only and ensure the overall quality of software system, reduce the development cost and time by considering the changing requirements of customer, risk assessment, identification, evaluation and composition of relative concerns at each phase of development process. We have implemented Fusion Process Model to the design of a real world information system and evaluated this implementation with the initial project estimation.

Investigation of performance and emission characteristics using ethanol-blended gasoline fuel as a flex-fuel in two-wheeler vehicle mounted on a chassis dynamometer

This study investigated the performance and emissions of flex fuels in a 110-cc BS6-compliant fuel-injected two-wheeler without ethanol adaptation adjustments.The tests were carried out under controlled conditions on a chassis dynamometer at 1000,2000 and 3000 r.p.m.using ethanol blends from 10%ethanol(E10)to 85%ethanol(E85).Parameters examined included brake power(BP)output,brake-specific fuel consumption(BSFC),peak in-cylinder pressure and exhaust temperature.Emissions,including carbon monoxide(CO),hydrocarbons(HC),nitrogen oxide(NOx)and unregulated emissions,were also assessed.As the percentages of the ethanol blend increased from E10 to E85,there was a noticeable improvement in power output.At 1000 r.p.m.,the BP ranged from 2.4 to 4.6 kW for different blends.The BSFC and the peak in-cylinder pressure followed a similar pattern,indicating enhanced performance and fuel efficiency with higher ethanol concentrations.Interestingly,using E85 at 1000 r.p.m.resulted in a significant 41.08%reduction in exhaust temperature compared with E10,although this difference decreased with higher blend percentages.Furthermore,replacing E10 with E85 at 1000 r.p.m.reduced CO and HC emissions by 9.17%and 38.34%,respectively.In contrast,NOx emissions increased at all r.p.m.levels with higher-ethanol blends,peaking at a 415 parts per million increase at 3000 r.p.m.However,unregulated emissions decreased significantly with increased r.p.m.and ethanol content.In summary,the use of flex-fuel blends in a two-wheeler resulted in a modest increase in BP output,improved fuel efficiency and lower CO and HC emissions.These findings are vital for optimizing ethanol blend utilization in two-wheeler engines under low-load conditions,considering both performance and environmental aspects.

Stereotactic radiosurgery for haemorrhagic cerebral cavernous malformation:a multi-institutional,retrospective study

Background Cerebral cavernous malformations(CCMs)frequently manifest with haemorrhages.Stereotactic radiosurgery(SRS)has been employed for CCM not suitable for resection.Its effect on reducing haemorrhage risk is still controversial.The aim of this study was to expand on the safety and efficacy of SRS for haemorrhagic CCM.Methods This retrospective multicentric study included CCM with at least one haemorrhage treated with single-session SRS.The annual haemorrhagic rate(AHR)was calculated before and after SRS.Recurrent event analysis and Cox regression were used to evaluate factors associated with haemorrhage.Adverse radiation effects(AREs)and occurrence of new neurological deficits were recorded.Results The study included 381 patients (median age:37.5 years(Q1–Q3:25.8–51.9))with 414 CCMs.The AHR from diagnosis to SRS excluding the first haemorrhage was 11.08 per 100 CCM-years and was reduced to 2.7 per 100 CCM-years after treatment.In recurrent event analysis,SRS,HR 0.27(95%CI 0.17 to 0.44),p<0.0001 was associated with a decreased risk of haemorrhage,and the presence of developmental venous anomaly(DVA)with an increased risk,HR 1.60(95%CI 1.07 to 2.40),p=0.022.The cumulative risk of first haemorrhage after SRS was 9.4%(95%CI 6%to 12.6%)at 5 years and 15.6%(95%CI%9 to 21.8%)at 10 years.Margin doses>13 Gy,HR 2.27(95%CI 1.20 to 4.32),p=0.012 and the presence of DVA,HR 2.08(95%CI 1.00 to 4.31),p=0.049 were factors associated with higher probability of post-SRS haemorrhage.Post-SRS haemorrhage was symptomatic in 22 out of 381(5.8%)patients,presenting with transient(15/381)or permanent(7/381)neurological deficit.ARE occurred in 11.1%(46/414)CCM and was responsible for transient neurological deficit in 3.9%(15/381)of the patients and permanent deficit in 1.1%(4/381)of the patients.Margin doses>13 Gy and CCM volume>0.7 cc were associated with increased risk of ARE.