Taxonomic monograph of epifoliar fungi

Epifoliar fungi are one of the significant fungal groups typically living on the surface of leaves. They are usually recordedas saprobes, obligate parasites and commensals and are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. Numerousgenera within this group remain inadequately understood, primarily attributed to limited taxonomic knowledge and insufficientmolecular data. Furthermore, the taxonomic delineation of epifoliar fungi remained uncertain, with scattered andliterature-based data often intermixed with other follicolous fungi. Herein, a comprehensive taxonomic monograph of 124genera in (32) Asterinales, (18) Capnodiales, (15) Chaetothyriales, (8) Meliolales, (8) Micropeltidales, (10) Microthyriales,(32) Parmulariales and (1) Zeloasperisporiales was provided re-describing with illustrations and line drawings. Notes onecological and economic importance of the families are also provided. Representatives type herbarium materials of Campoapulcherrima, Cycloschizon brachylaenae, Ferrarisia philippina, Hysterostomella guaranitica, Palawaniella orbiculata andPseudolembosia orbicularis of Parmulariaceae were re-examined and provided updated illustrations with descriptions. Abackbone phylogenetic tree and divergence estimation analysis for epifoliar fungi based on LSU and 5.8s ITS sequence dataare provided.

One stop shop Ⅱ:taxonomic update with molecular phylogeny for important phytopathogenic genera:26–50(2019)

This paper is the second in a series focused on providing a stable platform for the taxonomy of phytopathogenic fungi.It focuses on 25 phytopathogenic genera:Alternaria,Bipolaris,Boeremia,Botryosphaeria,Calonectria,Coniella,Corticiaceae,Curvularia,Elsinoe,Entyloma,Erythricium,Fomitiporia,Fulviformes,Laetisaria,Limonomyces,Neofabraea,Neofusicoccum,Phaeoacremonium,Phellinotus,Phyllosticta,Plenodomus,Pseudopyricularia,Tilletia,Venturia and Waitea,using recent molecular data,up to date names and the latest taxonomic insights.For each genus a taxonomic background,diversity aspects,species identification and classification based on molecular phylogeny and recommended genetic markers are provided.In this study,varieties of the genus Boeremia have been elevated to species level.Botryosphaeria,Bipolaris,Curvularia,Neofusicoccum and Phyllosticta that were included in the One Stop Shop 1 paper are provided with updated entries,as many new species have been introduced to these genera.

DISCOMYCETES: the apothecial representatives of the phylum Ascomycota

Discomycetes are an artificial grouping of apothecia-producing fungi in the phylum Ascomycota.Molecular-based studies have revealed that the discomycetes can be found among ten classes of Ascomycota.The classification of discomycetes has been a major challenge due to the lack of a clear understanding of the important morphological characters,as well as a lack of reference strains.In this review,we provide a historical perspective of discomycetes,notes on their morphology(including both asexual and sexual morphs),ecology and importance,an outline of discomycete families and a synoptical cladogram of currently accepted families in Ascomycota showing their systematic position.We also calculated evolutionary divergence times for major discomycetous taxa based on phylogenetic relationships using a combined LSU,SSU and RPB2 data set from 175 strains and fossil data.Our results confirm that discomycetes are found in two major subphyla of the Ascomycota:Taphrinomycotina and Pezizomycotina.The taxonomic placement of major discomycete taxa is briefly discussed.The most basal group of discomycetes is the class Neolectomycetes,which diverged from other Taphrinomycotina around 417 MYA(216–572),and the most derived group of discomycetes,the class Lecanoromycetes,diverged from Eurotiomycetes around 340 MYA(282–414).Further clarifications based on type specimens,designation of epitypes or reference specimens from fresh collections,and multi-gene analyses are needed to determine the taxonomic arrangement of many discomycetes.