针对自然-社会水循环系统特点以及水资源管理实践需求,建立一种断面流量过程、断面特征频率径流总量、区域水资源配置总量多指标模型校验方法,并以甘肃省庆阳市为例开展WAS模型(Water Allocation and Simu?lation Model)构建与应用。模...针对自然-社会水循环系统特点以及水资源管理实践需求,建立一种断面流量过程、断面特征频率径流总量、区域水资源配置总量多指标模型校验方法,并以甘肃省庆阳市为例开展WAS模型(Water Allocation and Simu?lation Model)构建与应用。模型在雨落坪站水文断面调参期(1967—1985年)年径流模拟的相关系数R2为0.89,Nash系数为0.79,校验期(1986—2000年)年径流模拟的相关系数R2为0.88,Nash系数为0.76;区域多年平均水资源总量模拟与实测误差为4.1%,25%、50%、75%和90%频率年误差分别为5.0%、1.1%、5.9%和4.2%;全市水资源配置总量误差为0.35%。在此基础上,提出庆阳市各水资源分区和行政分区的水资源配置方案以及全市自然-人工水资源循环转化图;分析表明,WAS模型在描述自然-社会水循环系统动态反馈方面具有一定优势,模型可以支撑水资源精细化评价和管理需求。展开更多
The regional objective ET(evapotranspiration) is defined as the quantity of water that could be con-sumed in a particular region.It varies with the water conditions and economic development stages in the region.It is ...The regional objective ET(evapotranspiration) is defined as the quantity of water that could be con-sumed in a particular region.It varies with the water conditions and economic development stages in the region.It is also constrained by the requirement of benign environment cycle.At the same time,it must meet the demands of sustainable economic growth and the construction of harmony society.Objective ET based water resources distribution will replace the conventional method,which empha-sizes the balance between the water demand and the water supply.It puts focus on the reasonable water consumption instead of the forecasted water demand,which is usually greater than the actual one.In this paper,we calculated the objective ET of 2010 year level in Tianjin by an analysis-integra-tion-assessment method.Objective ET can be classified into two parts:controllable ET and uncontrol-lable ET.Controllable ET includes the ET from irrigation land and the ET from resident land,among which the former can be calculated with soil moisture model and evapotranspiration model,while the latter can be calculated by water use ration and water consumption rate.The uncontrollable ET can be calculated with the distributed hydrological model and the remote sensing monitoring model.The two models can be mutually calibrated.In this paper,eight schemes are put forward based on different portfolios of water resources.The objective ET of each scheme was calculated and the results were assessed and analyzed.Finally,an optimal scheme was recommended.展开更多
文摘针对自然-社会水循环系统特点以及水资源管理实践需求,建立一种断面流量过程、断面特征频率径流总量、区域水资源配置总量多指标模型校验方法,并以甘肃省庆阳市为例开展WAS模型(Water Allocation and Simu?lation Model)构建与应用。模型在雨落坪站水文断面调参期(1967—1985年)年径流模拟的相关系数R2为0.89,Nash系数为0.79,校验期(1986—2000年)年径流模拟的相关系数R2为0.88,Nash系数为0.76;区域多年平均水资源总量模拟与实测误差为4.1%,25%、50%、75%和90%频率年误差分别为5.0%、1.1%、5.9%和4.2%;全市水资源配置总量误差为0.35%。在此基础上,提出庆阳市各水资源分区和行政分区的水资源配置方案以及全市自然-人工水资源循环转化图;分析表明,WAS模型在描述自然-社会水循环系统动态反馈方面具有一定优势,模型可以支撑水资源精细化评价和管理需求。
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Project) (Grant No. 2006CB403401) the National Natural Science Fundation of China (Grant No. 50721006)
文摘The regional objective ET(evapotranspiration) is defined as the quantity of water that could be con-sumed in a particular region.It varies with the water conditions and economic development stages in the region.It is also constrained by the requirement of benign environment cycle.At the same time,it must meet the demands of sustainable economic growth and the construction of harmony society.Objective ET based water resources distribution will replace the conventional method,which empha-sizes the balance between the water demand and the water supply.It puts focus on the reasonable water consumption instead of the forecasted water demand,which is usually greater than the actual one.In this paper,we calculated the objective ET of 2010 year level in Tianjin by an analysis-integra-tion-assessment method.Objective ET can be classified into two parts:controllable ET and uncontrol-lable ET.Controllable ET includes the ET from irrigation land and the ET from resident land,among which the former can be calculated with soil moisture model and evapotranspiration model,while the latter can be calculated by water use ration and water consumption rate.The uncontrollable ET can be calculated with the distributed hydrological model and the remote sensing monitoring model.The two models can be mutually calibrated.In this paper,eight schemes are put forward based on different portfolios of water resources.The objective ET of each scheme was calculated and the results were assessed and analyzed.Finally,an optimal scheme was recommended.
