为了探明导致某养猪场中仔猪腹泻的病原,本试验将患病仔猪样本处理并提取核酸后进行病毒宏基因组测序,对测序结果进行序列比对分析和遗传进化分析,并对样本核酸进行PCR检测验证。结果显示,RNA样本中只注释到A型流感病毒(H1N1和H3N2),读...为了探明导致某养猪场中仔猪腹泻的病原,本试验将患病仔猪样本处理并提取核酸后进行病毒宏基因组测序,对测序结果进行序列比对分析和遗传进化分析,并对样本核酸进行PCR检测验证。结果显示,RNA样本中只注释到A型流感病毒(H1N1和H3N2),读数比为6.8%,未发现其他猪病相关RNA病毒。DNA样本注释到的病毒主要为猪博卡病毒(PBoV),读数比为34.5%,命名为PBoV-SDPD-2022;其余猪病相关病毒包括猪巨细胞病毒、猪乳腺腺病毒和猪细环病毒,读数比均小于1.0%。基于全基因组、NS 1基因和VP 1基因构建的系统发育进化树均显示,PBoV-SDPD-2022与参考毒株PBoV3_VIRES_HuB01_C1处于同一分支,属于PBoV G3群。与21株参考毒株相比,PBoV-SDPD-2022 NS1蛋白的编码基因核苷酸和氨基酸序列同源性分别为49.6%~97.2%和38.5%~95.3%;VP1蛋白的编码基因核苷酸和氨基酸序列同源性分别为47.9%~97.9%和34.8%~98.8%;NP1蛋白的编码基因核苷酸和氨基酸序列同源性分别为35.2%~98.5%和26.9%~97.4%。与G3群参考毒株相比,PBoV-SDPD-2022 NS1蛋白在第654位点处有1个氨基酸的缺失;VP1蛋白在第151、152位点处有2个氨基酸的插入,且包含基序YLGPF(VPl aa 18~22)和HDLAY(VP1 aa 41~45);NP1蛋白在第15、16、35、36、212位点处发生氨基酸的缺失,在第95位点处有1个氨基酸的插入。PCR检测证实样本核酸为PBoV阳性。结果表明,导致该养猪场仔猪腹泻的优势病原是G3群PBoV。本试验有助于进一步了解我国PBoV基因组序列特征,并为未来PBoV流行病学调查提供了参考依据。展开更多
Diabetes,one of the world's top ten diseases,is known for its high mortality and complication rates and low cure rate.Prediabetes precedes the onset of diabetes,during which effective treatment can reduce diabetes...Diabetes,one of the world's top ten diseases,is known for its high mortality and complication rates and low cure rate.Prediabetes precedes the onset of diabetes,during which effective treatment can reduce diabetes risk.Prediabetes risk factors include high-calorie and high-fat diets,sedentary lifestyles,and stress.Consequences may include considerable damage to vital organs,including the retina,liver,and kidneys.Interventions for treating prediabetes include a healthy lifestyle diet and pharmacological treatments.However,while these options are effective in the short term,they may fail due to the difficulty of long-term implementation.Medications may also be used to treat prediabetes.This review examines prediabetic treatments,particularly metformin,glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists,sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors,vitamin D,and herbal medicines.Given the remarkable impact of prediabetes on the progression of diabetes mellitus,it is crucial to intervene promptly and effectively to regulate prediabetes.However,the current body of research on prediabetes is limited,and there is considerable confusion surrounding clinically relevant medications.This paper aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the pathogenesis of prediabetes mellitus and its associated therapeutic drugs.The ultimate goal is to facilitate the clinical utilization of medications and achieve efficient and timely control of diabetes mellitus.展开更多
山东某樱桃谷鸭场出现以患鸭短喙、长舌、生长不良为主要特征的疾病,疑似感染鸭短喙与侏儒综合征病毒(duckling short beak and dwarfism syndrome virus,SBDSV)。本研究旨在分离鉴定该病毒,并检测其对樱桃谷鸭的致病性。首先,通过临床...山东某樱桃谷鸭场出现以患鸭短喙、长舌、生长不良为主要特征的疾病,疑似感染鸭短喙与侏儒综合征病毒(duckling short beak and dwarfism syndrome virus,SBDSV)。本研究旨在分离鉴定该病毒,并检测其对樱桃谷鸭的致病性。首先,通过临床症状、病理变化、病料PCR检测,确定感染鸭短喙侏儒综合征病毒。其次,用SPF鸭胚分离培养病毒后,对病毒进行电镜观察和同源性与系统发育树分析,再检测病毒尿囊液EID_(50)。最后,动物回归试验中,给2日龄樱桃谷鸭口服病毒感染鸭胚尿囊液,观察致病特点,以及用PCR和间接免疫荧光试验检测病毒分布。结果显示:SPF鸭胚接毒后96~120 h鸭胚死亡,电镜观察病毒粒子大小为20~50 nm,尿囊液EID_(50)为10^(-4.85)·0.2 mL^(-1)。尿囊液PCR检测SBDSV为阳性,证明从鸭胚中成功分离培养SBDSV。该病例主要临床表现短喙和体重降低,感染后2周内持续排毒,VP 2片段与鸭短喙侏儒综合征病毒序列的相似性为99.8%,表明是由鸭短喙与侏儒综合征病毒感染引起,命名为SBDS-SD株。动物回归试验中,出现短喙、腹泻、体重显著降低等与自然病例相似的临床症状。本试验成功分离到一株鸭短喙与侏儒综合征病毒,并验证其对樱桃谷鸭具有致病性,为该病的进一步研究提供基础。展开更多
Growing attention has been directed to the use of satellite imagery and open geospatial data to understand large-scale sustainable development outcomes.Health and education are critical domains of the Unites Nations’...Growing attention has been directed to the use of satellite imagery and open geospatial data to understand large-scale sustainable development outcomes.Health and education are critical domains of the Unites Nations’Sus-tainable Development Goals(SDGs),yet existing research on the accessibility of corresponding services focused mainly on detailed but small-scale studies.This means that such studies lack accessibility metrics for large-scale quantitative evaluations.To address this deficiency,we evaluated the accessibility of health and education ser-vices in China's Mainland in 2021 using point-of-interest data,OpenStreetMap road data,land cover data,and WorldPop spatial demographic data.The accessibility metrics used were the least time costs of reaching hospital and school services and population coverage with a time cost of less than 1 h.On the basis of the road network and land cover information,the overall average time costs of reaching hospital and school were 20 and 22 min,respectively.In terms of population coverage,94.7%and 92.5%of the population in China has a time cost of less than 1 h in obtaining hospital and school services,respectively.Counties with low accessibility to hospitals and schools were highly coupled with poor areas and ecological function regions,with the time cost incurred in these areas being more than twice that experienced in non-poor and non-ecological areas.Furthermore,the cumulative time cost incurred by the bottom 20%of counties(by GDP)from access to hospital and school services reached approximately 80%of the national total.Low-GDP counties were compelled to suffer disproportionately increased time costs to acquire health and education services compared with high-GDP counties.The accessibil-ity metrics proposed in this study are highly related to SDGs 3 and 4,and they can serve as auxiliary data that can be used to enhance the evaluation of SDG outcomes.The analysis of the uneven distribution of health and education services in China can help identify areas with backward public services and may contribute to targeted and efficient policy interventions.展开更多
Theoretical models have predicted a positive association between anxiety and Internet use disorders.However,thefindings of previous studies are conflicting,with some reporting a positive association and others proposing...Theoretical models have predicted a positive association between anxiety and Internet use disorders.However,thefindings of previous studies are conflicting,with some reporting a positive association and others proposing no relationship between the two.To explore the true relationship between the two and analyze the reasons for the differences,100 primary studies involving 108,539 subjects were entered into a meta-analysis.The results showed that(1)there was a significant positive correlation between students’anxiety and Internet use disorder(r=0.330);(2)the moderating effect of anxiety type was significant.(3)The moderating effects of the measurement instrument for Internet use disorder,the measurement instrument for anxiety,the subject’s grade level,the subject’s region,and the type of publication were not significant.The question of how the different anxiety types of students and IUD have different mechanisms of action needs to be further explored.展开更多
文摘为了探明导致某养猪场中仔猪腹泻的病原,本试验将患病仔猪样本处理并提取核酸后进行病毒宏基因组测序,对测序结果进行序列比对分析和遗传进化分析,并对样本核酸进行PCR检测验证。结果显示,RNA样本中只注释到A型流感病毒(H1N1和H3N2),读数比为6.8%,未发现其他猪病相关RNA病毒。DNA样本注释到的病毒主要为猪博卡病毒(PBoV),读数比为34.5%,命名为PBoV-SDPD-2022;其余猪病相关病毒包括猪巨细胞病毒、猪乳腺腺病毒和猪细环病毒,读数比均小于1.0%。基于全基因组、NS 1基因和VP 1基因构建的系统发育进化树均显示,PBoV-SDPD-2022与参考毒株PBoV3_VIRES_HuB01_C1处于同一分支,属于PBoV G3群。与21株参考毒株相比,PBoV-SDPD-2022 NS1蛋白的编码基因核苷酸和氨基酸序列同源性分别为49.6%~97.2%和38.5%~95.3%;VP1蛋白的编码基因核苷酸和氨基酸序列同源性分别为47.9%~97.9%和34.8%~98.8%;NP1蛋白的编码基因核苷酸和氨基酸序列同源性分别为35.2%~98.5%和26.9%~97.4%。与G3群参考毒株相比,PBoV-SDPD-2022 NS1蛋白在第654位点处有1个氨基酸的缺失;VP1蛋白在第151、152位点处有2个氨基酸的插入,且包含基序YLGPF(VPl aa 18~22)和HDLAY(VP1 aa 41~45);NP1蛋白在第15、16、35、36、212位点处发生氨基酸的缺失,在第95位点处有1个氨基酸的插入。PCR检测证实样本核酸为PBoV阳性。结果表明,导致该养猪场仔猪腹泻的优势病原是G3群PBoV。本试验有助于进一步了解我国PBoV基因组序列特征,并为未来PBoV流行病学调查提供了参考依据。
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.31770948,No.31570875,and No.81803547Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province,No.2021J01204and Fujian Provincial Regional Development Project,No.2021N3005.
文摘Diabetes,one of the world's top ten diseases,is known for its high mortality and complication rates and low cure rate.Prediabetes precedes the onset of diabetes,during which effective treatment can reduce diabetes risk.Prediabetes risk factors include high-calorie and high-fat diets,sedentary lifestyles,and stress.Consequences may include considerable damage to vital organs,including the retina,liver,and kidneys.Interventions for treating prediabetes include a healthy lifestyle diet and pharmacological treatments.However,while these options are effective in the short term,they may fail due to the difficulty of long-term implementation.Medications may also be used to treat prediabetes.This review examines prediabetic treatments,particularly metformin,glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists,sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors,vitamin D,and herbal medicines.Given the remarkable impact of prediabetes on the progression of diabetes mellitus,it is crucial to intervene promptly and effectively to regulate prediabetes.However,the current body of research on prediabetes is limited,and there is considerable confusion surrounding clinically relevant medications.This paper aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the pathogenesis of prediabetes mellitus and its associated therapeutic drugs.The ultimate goal is to facilitate the clinical utilization of medications and achieve efficient and timely control of diabetes mellitus.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(Grant No.41725006).
文摘Growing attention has been directed to the use of satellite imagery and open geospatial data to understand large-scale sustainable development outcomes.Health and education are critical domains of the Unites Nations’Sus-tainable Development Goals(SDGs),yet existing research on the accessibility of corresponding services focused mainly on detailed but small-scale studies.This means that such studies lack accessibility metrics for large-scale quantitative evaluations.To address this deficiency,we evaluated the accessibility of health and education ser-vices in China's Mainland in 2021 using point-of-interest data,OpenStreetMap road data,land cover data,and WorldPop spatial demographic data.The accessibility metrics used were the least time costs of reaching hospital and school services and population coverage with a time cost of less than 1 h.On the basis of the road network and land cover information,the overall average time costs of reaching hospital and school were 20 and 22 min,respectively.In terms of population coverage,94.7%and 92.5%of the population in China has a time cost of less than 1 h in obtaining hospital and school services,respectively.Counties with low accessibility to hospitals and schools were highly coupled with poor areas and ecological function regions,with the time cost incurred in these areas being more than twice that experienced in non-poor and non-ecological areas.Furthermore,the cumulative time cost incurred by the bottom 20%of counties(by GDP)from access to hospital and school services reached approximately 80%of the national total.Low-GDP counties were compelled to suffer disproportionately increased time costs to acquire health and education services compared with high-GDP counties.The accessibil-ity metrics proposed in this study are highly related to SDGs 3 and 4,and they can serve as auxiliary data that can be used to enhance the evaluation of SDG outcomes.The analysis of the uneven distribution of health and education services in China can help identify areas with backward public services and may contribute to targeted and efficient policy interventions.
基金supported by“An Empirical Study on the Relationship between Mobile Phone Dependence and Social Anxiety among Adolescents in the Post-COVID-19 Era”(LJKMR20221512)"LiaoNing Revitalization Talents Program"(grant no.XLYC2007134).
文摘Theoretical models have predicted a positive association between anxiety and Internet use disorders.However,thefindings of previous studies are conflicting,with some reporting a positive association and others proposing no relationship between the two.To explore the true relationship between the two and analyze the reasons for the differences,100 primary studies involving 108,539 subjects were entered into a meta-analysis.The results showed that(1)there was a significant positive correlation between students’anxiety and Internet use disorder(r=0.330);(2)the moderating effect of anxiety type was significant.(3)The moderating effects of the measurement instrument for Internet use disorder,the measurement instrument for anxiety,the subject’s grade level,the subject’s region,and the type of publication were not significant.The question of how the different anxiety types of students and IUD have different mechanisms of action needs to be further explored.
